Scholars have conducted many discussions and studies on the formulation of university charters. As far as the content of the charter is concerned, university governance is the core. Its basic structure mainly includes two aspects, or two relationships, the relationship between the university and the government, and the relationship between the various organizations within the university. Different scholars have different views on which of the two relationships is more important. For some people, the former is an important content of the charter, and the latter is also the main content of the charter. The two relationships are equally important. Some scholars also believe that university charters should focus on the content arrangement and should mainly provide for the internal management system and operating mechanism of the w88 casino. In fact, no matter how it is set, this is a profound institutional change. I personally think that two foundations are needed to successfully complete this task:
The first is the theoretical basis. There are already necessary research results in this area. We have noticed that in addition to some monographs, in recent years, the Chinese Ministry of Education, universities and other newspapers and periodicals have successively opened columns and compiled and published series of articles to deeply discuss issues such as establishing a modern university system and improving university governance structures. In particular, the research on charter issues has been relatively comprehensive and thorough. Many issues have been clearly explained in theory. At present, for pilot universities, it is important to act as soon as possible and try to complete our commitment to the country within the prescribed time.
The other is the practical basis, we know it in the last century90At the end of the 1990s, higher education entered a historical period of rapid development, moving from the edge of society to the center of society. A series of issues in colleges and universities attracted attention, and even became a hot issue during the annual two sessions.
A few years ago when we were busy reforming higher education307349_747430Years of higher education reform practice summarized three revelations:
First, from a regular perspective, the reform of higher education is coordinated with the country’s economic and social development. Reform must fully consider social conditions and foundations. It is difficult to succeed if it deviates from the general social environment.
Secondly, in terms of purpose, the reform of higher education should focus on promoting the development of reform. If it is divorced from development and uses reform as a label and changes for the sake of change, it will not only lose meaning, but also become a toss.
The third is from the direction. The reform of higher education must clarify relationships, clarify responsibilities, and finally achieve the goal of running schools according to law. The focus of the reform is the relationship between rational government and universities, and the relationship within universities. Clarify the rights and responsibilities of organizers, managers, and operators, and fix them in legal form.
On the actual deployment,2009In the first half of the year, the Party Committee of the Bureau held three special seminars on the reform of the internal management system of universities in Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan and other places. The secretaries and principals of universities were arranged to participate successively. They mainly conducted discussions on the leadership system of universities, the realization form of democratic management, the reform of the personnel distribution system, the organizational structure and operating mechanism, and the autonomy of universities in running schools. In fact, the reform of the internal management system of colleges and universities is regarded as the breakthrough point for the reform of higher education. There were three reasons at that time: First, we had30The second is to start from the internal affairs of the w88 casino, which is low-cost and easy to promote. Third, the reform of the internal management system of universities is an integral part, providing a bottom-up basis and basis for the reform of the macro-management system of universities. In recent years, many deployed universities have made important progress in the reform of their internal management systems. Due to time constraints, they will not be described in detail here.
It is precisely because of this foundation,31The order came into being, some scholars believe31The promulgation of the order shows that the period of indecision has become a thing of the past. Using the university charter as the fulcrum to establish a modern university system, thereby leveraging the reform of the entire higher education in China, has become a new reform idea that the education authorities have sorted out from the complex clues. We believe that this is not only a new idea, but also a new action with symbolic significance. It is a responsible docking of the reform of the internal management system of colleges and universities. It is a vertical traction and in-depth advancement of the reform of higher education at the macro level. The government's concession of the power to formulate the charter of colleges and universities shows that the government is ready to change or be changed. It has given up its attitude towards reform and reflects its courage and determination to reform.
To sum up, when we face the issue of charter formulation today, we do have a certain theoretical and practical foundation, which provides us with some good conditions for carrying out our work. However, no matter what kind of foundation, it cannot replace the actions of each w88 casino, and it cannot replace the arduous exploration that each w88 casino must carry out, because this is a highly personalized work, and it is necessary to condense its own personality and characteristics among the common elements. Write your own spirit and temperament, and this should be a top-level project that should attract great attention and direct participation from the main leaders of the party and government. Based on this understanding, it is recommended that the Policy and Regulations Department appropriately move up the training targets.
Second, the basic situation of the reform of the internal governance mechanism of w88 casino.03w88 casino was founded in 12233_12244|100Before the anniversary celebrations, the party committee extensively mobilized and organized teachers and students to hold a major discussion on w88 casino running ideas to further clarify the goal positioning of the w88 casino's development. During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, the w88 casino's undertakings have achieved leap-forward development and become one of the best periods of development in history. The party and government leadership team is united and harmonious, management cadres are united, have a strong desire to do business and seek development, and the clean and upright campus environment has laid a good foundation for promoting the reform of internal governance institutions.2009In 2016, the w88 casino held the 14th Party Congress. Focusing on the improvement of academic level and management level, some explorations were made in the reform of governance structure, which laid a certain working foundation for the formulation of charter. The specific method is:
(1) Re-understand and unify thoughts. Through theoretical analysis and inspection and comparison of charters from various countries around the world, the w88 casino has formed the following ideological consensus. The establishment of a modern university system, especially the university governance structure, must be based on the national conditions and the reality of higher education. The principal responsibility system under the leadership of the party committee is a long-term exploration and practice choice of our party in the leadership system of colleges and universities. The implementation of the principal responsibility system under the leadership of the party committee is of great significance to the reform, development and stability of colleges and universities. The construction of modern university institutions must be carried out under the framework of the basic system of the president's responsibility system under the leadership of the party committee, and a university governance structure with Chinese characteristics must be formed.
(2) Improve the system and manage according to the law and regulations. The w88 casino shall improve the management system in accordance with relevant laws and regulations and actively promote the work of running the w88 casino according to the law. Central China Normal University has successively issued the "Three Important Ones" of the Party and Government Leadership Team. Interim measures for the major decision-making system, rules of procedure for the Central China Normal University Committee and Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China; rules of procedure for the president's office meeting of Central China Normal University; measures for disclosure of w88 casino affairs of Central China Normal University and other rules and regulations to straighten out the relationship and achieve consistent rights and responsibilities and a reasonable division of labor.
(3) Establish a working mechanism in which the decision-making power, execution power and supervision power within the w88 casino are relatively separated and coordinated. In accordance with the requirements of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China to establish and improve decision-making power, execution power and supervision power, power agencies and operating mechanisms that both restrict and coordinate with each other, the w88 casino will gradually separate the internal decision-making power, execution power and supervision power, and actively explore and change the pattern of decision-making and execution.
The first is to further define the work of the party committee and administrative work, and establish an operating mechanism with decision-making, execution, and supervision rights that both restricts and coordinates each other. In addition to being specifically responsible for stability work, ideological education work, and moral education work, the w88 casino party committee focuses on grasping the direction of running the w88 casino, the idea of running the w88 casino, and the formulation of the overall development plan from a macro perspective, and makes macro decisions and principled decisions. The principal and the principal's office meeting will study relevant policies and implementation plans to make mid-level decisions, and the w88 casino leaders in charge will organize implementation and make micro-level decisions.
The second is to give full play to the leadership role of the Party Committee Full Committee. Major matters of the w88 casino, such as cadre selection, financial budget and final accounts, etc. are decided by the Party Committee Full Committee. From a practical point of view, the Party Committee Full Committee has broader representation than the Standing Committee, and the personnel structure is more reasonable, which is conducive to enhancing the democracy and scientific nature of decision-making and the rigidity of execution. The personnel of the Party Committee's National Committee, the Standing Committee, and the Principal's Office Meeting partially overlap, which ensures mutual coordination among the three and is conducive to the unification of thinking and work pace.
The third is to strengthen collective leadership and establish a restraint mechanism for top leaders. The w88 casino divides the decision-making process and decision-making rights into proposal rights and definition rights. The proposal right mainly refers to the proposal and selection rights for decision-making. The right to define the decision lies in the selection of available candidates. The right to propose promotes democracy, and the right to define remains centralized. For the selection and appointment of cadres, the right to propose lies with the masses. Candidates with high recognition are democratically elected by the masses, and candidates with high recognition are then selected by voting from candidates at corresponding meetings to regulate the selection and appointment of cadres and restrain top leaders.
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The fourth is to protect academic rights, emphasizing professors’ scholarship. In order to protect academic rights, the w88 casino has also conducted some explorations. The secretary, president, and heads of functional departments of the institution will withdraw from the academic committee, and a vice president in charge of disciplines and scientific research will be retained as a link. The proportion of people with administrative positions among the members of the academic committee will be reduced to ensure that professors conduct academic research and that academic decision-making has certain administrative permission. Academic issues are basically decided by professors, which improves the recognition of academic decision-making and further strengthens the important role of academic committees in discipline construction, academic evaluation, and academic development. In specific operations, every subject and major issue fully respects the opinions of professors, and interdisciplinary overall issues are managed by the academic decision-making system. The w88 casino has established and improved the faculty representative conference system. The secondary faculty representative conference has full coverage in the college. Major issues in the college involve the vital interests of faculty and staff. Before decisions are made at the joint meeting of the party and government of the department, they must be reviewed and approved by the faculty representative conference or congress.
In short, some progress has been made in exploration in recent years, but some work needs to be further deepened. In the internal governance structure, we have emphasized more on the establishment and improvement of relevant organizations, such as the National Committee, the Standing Committee, the Office Meeting, the Academic Committee, the Executive Committee, the Faculty Congress and other organizations. It should be said that it is relatively sound. In practice, we pay attention to the role of various organizations. After a period of operation, we believe that it is necessary to further clarify the functions and positioning of various organizations in the w88 casino's decision-making system. In the process of formulating the charter, we must clarify the internal logical relationships between various organizations, as well as the legitimacy of some organizational members and other issues.
At present, the w88 casino lists the construction of charter as201219469_19793
（Vice President of Central China Normal University Huang Xiaomei）
