Outline of the National Medium- and Long-term Education Reform and Development Plan (2010—2020year)
(Draft for public comments) Planning Outline Working Group Office 2010Year 2Monthly 23日
Catalog
Preface
Part 1 Overall Strategy
Chapter 1 Guiding ideology and work policy
(I) Guiding ideology
(II) Work Policy
Chapter 2 Strategic Objectives and Strategic Topics
(III) Strategic Objective
(IV) Strategic theme
Part 2 Development Task
Chapter 3 Preschool education
(V) Basic popularization of preschool education
(VI) Clarify government responsibilities
(VII) Focus on the development of rural preschool education
Chapter 4 Compulsory Education
(8) Consolidate and improve the level of nine years of compulsory education
(9) Promote the balanced development of compulsory education
(10) Reduce the academic burden of primary and secondary school students
Chapter 5 High School Education
(11) Accelerate the popularization of high school education
(12) Comprehensively improve the comprehensive quality of ordinary high school students
(13) Promote the diversified development of ordinary high schools
Chapter 6 Vocational Education
(14) Vigorously develop vocational education
(15) Mobilize the enthusiasm of industry enterprises
(16) Accelerate the development of rural vocational education
(17) Enhance the attraction of vocational education
Chapter 7 Higher Education
(18) Comprehensively improve the quality of higher education
(19) Improve the quality of talent training
(Twenty) Improve the level of scientific research
(21) Enhance social service capabilities
(22) Optimize the structure and create special features
Chapter 8 Continuing Education
(23) Accelerate the development of continuing education
(24) Establish and improve the system and mechanism for continuing education
(25) Build a flexible and open lifelong education system
Chapter 9 Ethnic Education
(26) Attach importance to and support the cause of ethnic education
(27) Comprehensively improve the level of education development in ethnic minorities and ethnic areas
Chapter 10 Special Education
(28) Care for and support special education
(29) Improve the special education system
(30) Improve the special education guarantee mechanism
Part 3 Institutional Reform
Chapter 11 Reform of the talent training system
(31) Update the concept of talent training
(32) Innovative talent training model
(33) Reform the education quality evaluation and talent evaluation system
Chapter 12 Reform of the examination and enrollment system
(34) Promote the reform of the examination and enrollment system
(35) Improve the secondary school examination and enrollment system
(36) Improve the examination and enrollment system of higher education institutions
(37) Strengthen information disclosure and social supervision
Chapter 13 Build a modern school system
(38) Promote the separation of government and school management and management
(39) Implement and expand school autonomy
(40) Improve the modern university system with Chinese characteristics
(41) Improve the management system of primary and secondary schools
Chapter 14 Reform of the school system
(42) Deepen the reform of the school management system
(43) Vigorously support private education
(44) Manage private education in accordance with the law
Chapter 15 Management system reform
(45) Improve the education management system that coordinates and has clear rights and responsibilities
(46) Strengthen the coordination of education at provincial government
(47) Transform government education management functions
Chapter 16 Expand education opening
(48) Strengthen international exchanges and cooperation
(49) Introducing high-quality educational resources
(50) Improve the level of exchanges and cooperation
Part 4 Safety Measures
Chapter 17 Strengthen the construction of the teacher team
(51) Build a team of high-quality teachers
(52) Strengthen the construction of teachers' ethics
(53) Improve teachers' professional level
(54) Improve the status and treatment of teachers
(55) Improve the teacher management system
Chapter 18 Support funding investment
(56) Increase investment in education
(57) Improve the investment mechanism
(58) Strengthen funding management
Chapter 19 Accelerate the process of education informatization
(59) Accelerate the construction of educational information infrastructure
(60) Strengthen the development and application of high-quality educational resources
(61) Building a national education management information system
Chapter 20 Promote the rule of education according to law
(62) Improve the education legal system
(63) Comprehensively promote administration according to law
(64) Vigorously promote the rule of law
(65) Improve the supervision system and supervision and accountability mechanism
Chapter 21 Major projects and reform pilot
(66) Organize and implement major projects
(67) Organize and carry out reform pilot
Chapter 22 Strengthen organizational leadership
(68) Strengthen the leadership of the Party and the government over education work
(69) Strengthen and improve the party building in the education system
(70) Effectively maintain harmony and stability in the education system
Implementation
According to the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China“Prioritize education development and build a strong human resources country”'s strategic deployment has specially formulated this planning outline in order to comprehensively improve the quality of the people, promote the scientific development of education, and accelerate the process of socialist modernization.
Preface
A century-old plan is based on education.
Education is the cornerstone of national rejuvenation and social progress, and is the fundamental way to improve the quality of the people and promote the all-round development of people. A strong country must first strengthen education.
The Party and the country have always attached great importance to education. Since the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, under the leadership of the three generations of the Party’s central leadership collective with Comrade Mao Zedong, Comrade Deng Xiaoping and Comrade Jiang Zemin as the core and the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as the General Secretary, the whole Party and society have united in one heart and morality.
21The century is the century of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. From now on2020Year is a critical period for my country to comprehensively build a moderately prosperous society and accelerate the promotion of socialist modernization. The world pattern is undergoing profound changes, technological progress is changing with each passing day, and the competition for talent is becoming increasingly fierce.
Faced with unprecedented opportunities and challenges, we must be clear-headed that our country's education is not yet suitable for the national economic and social development and the people's requirements for good education. The educational concept is relatively backward, the content methods are relatively outdated, the academic burden of primary and secondary school students is too heavy, and it is difficult to promote quality education; students are not able to adapt to society and employment and entrepreneurship, and innovative, practical and compound talents are short of; the education system and mechanism are not active, and the school is
The rise and fall of the country depends on education; the revitalization of education is the responsibility of the whole people. In the overall work of the Party and the country, education must always be placed in a priority position. In accordance with the requirements of modernization, the world and the future, adapt to the needs of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way and building an innovative country, adhere to the principle of educating people as the foundation, reform and innovation as the driving force, promote fairness as the focus, and improve quality as the core.
Part 1 Overall Strategy
Chapter 1 Guiding ideology and work policy
(I) Guiding ideology. Hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and use Deng Xiaoping Theory and“Three Represents”Guided as the guide, we will thoroughly implement the Scientific Outlook on Development, implement the strategy of building a country with science and education and the strategy of building a country with talents, give priority to the development of education, provide education that satisfies the people, and build a strong country with human resources.
Full implementation of the Party’s education policy, insist on education serving socialist modernization, serving the people, combining it with productive labor and social practice, and cultivate socialist builders and successors with comprehensive development of morality, intelligence, physical fitness and aesthetics.
Based on the basic national conditions of the primary stage of socialism, grasp the stage characteristics of education development, adhere to the rule of law in education, respect the laws of education, consolidate the foundation, optimize the structure, adjust the layout, improve the connotation, and promote the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of education.
(II) Work policy. Priority should be given to development, education should be based, reform and innovation, promote fairness and improve quality.
Put education in a strategic position of priority development. Prioritizing education to develop first is an important policy proposed by the Party and the country and adhered to for a long time.
People-oriented approach is the fundamental requirement of education work. Human resources are the first resource for my country's economic and social development, and education is the main way to develop human resources.
Take reform and innovation as a powerful driving force for educational development. Education needs to develop, it depends fundamentally on reform.
Promoting equity is the basic national education policy. Educational equity is an important foundation for social equity.
Improving quality is the core task of education reform and development. Establish a scientific concept of education quality and take promoting people's all-round development and adapting to social needs as the fundamental criterion for measuring the quality of education.
Chapter 2 Strategic Objectives and Strategic Topics
(III) Strategic goals. arrive2020In 2018, education modernization was basically achieved, learning society was basically formed, and human resources power was entered.
Achieve a higher level of popular education. Basically popularize preschool education; consolidate and improve the level of nine-year compulsory education; popularize high school education, and the gross enrollment rate reaches90%; The level of popularization of higher education has been further improved, and the gross enrollment rate has reached40%; Eliminate illiteracy in young and middle-aged people. The average number of education for new labor force is from12.4Advanced to13.5year; the average number of education for the main working-age population is from9.5Advanced to11.2Year, the proportion of higher education reached20%Above, the ratio of the number of people with higher education level2009Double in year.
Form a fair education that benefits the whole people. Adhere to the public welfare and universality of education and ensure that people have the opportunity to receive a good education.
Providing richer and more high-quality education. The overall quality of education has been improved, and the level of education modernization has been significantly improved.
Build a lifelong education with a complete system. Academic education and non-academic education develop in a coordinated manner, vocational education and general education communicate with each other, and pre-service education and after-service education are effectively connected.50%Above. The modern national education system has been more perfect, and the lifelong education system has been basically formed, promoting all people to learn something, achieve something, and use something.
A sound and vibrant education system. Further emancipate the mind, update concepts, deepen reforms, improve the level of education openness, and comprehensively form a vibrant, efficient, more open, and conducive to scientific development education system and mechanism that is compatible with the socialist market economic system and the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way.
(IV) Strategic theme. Adhering to people-oriented and promoting quality education is the strategic theme of education reform and development, and it is the requirements of the times for implementing the Party’s education policy. The core is to solve the major problems of who to cultivate and how to cultivate people. The focus is to face all students and promote the all-round development of students.
Adhere to moral education first. Integrate the socialist core value system into the entire process of national education.
Adhere to ability first. Optimize the knowledge structure, enrich social practice, and strengthen ability cultivation.
Adhere to comprehensive development. Comprehensively strengthen and improve moral education, intellectual education, sports and aesthetic education.
Table1 Main goals for the development of education
2009年 2015年 2020年
Preschool education
Number of children in kindergarten (ten thousand people) 2658 3530 4000
Gross enrollment rate in the three years before school (%) 50.9 62.0 75.0
Gross enrollment rate in the year before school (%) 74.0 90.0 95.0
Nine years of compulsory education
School students (10,000 people) 15772 16100 16500
Consolidation rate (%) 90.8 93.0 95.0
High school education
School students (10,000 people) 4624 4500 4700
Gross enrollment rate (%) 79.2 87.0 90.0
Vocational Education
School students in secondary vocational education (10,000 people) 2179 2250 2350
Students in higher vocational education (10,000 people) 1280 1390 1480
Higher Education
Total scale of schooling (10,000 people) 2979 3350 3550
School students (10,000 people) 2826 3080 3300
Inside: Lesson students (10,000 people) 140 170 200
Gross enrollment rate (%) 24.2 36.0 40.0
Continuing Education
Continuing education for practitioners (10,000 people) 16600 29000 35000
Table2 Main objectives of human resources development
2009年 2015年 2020年
The population with a higher education level (ten thousand people)
9830 14500 19500
Average years of education for the main working-age population (years)
9.5 10.5 11.2
Including: the proportion of higher education (%）
9.9 15.0 20.0
Average education period for new labor force (years)
12.4 13.3 13.5
Including: the proportion of education in high school or above (%）
67.0 87.0 90.0
Part 2 Development Task
Chapter 3 Preschool education
(5) Basically popularize preschool education. Preschool education is of great significance to children's habit development, intellectual development and physical and mental health.2020In 2017, preschool education will be fully popularized, preschool education will be basically popularized, and preschool education will be popularized in areas with conditions. Pay attention to0-3Year-old infant education.
(VI) Clarify government responsibilities. Incorporate the development of preschool education into the urban and new rural construction plan.
(VII) Focus on developing rural preschool education. Strive to improve the popularity of preschool education in rural areas.
Chapter 4 Compulsory Education
(8) Consolidate and improve the level of nine years of compulsory education. Compulsory education is an education that the state implements in a unified manner in accordance with the law and that all children and adolescents of age must receive. It is compulsory, free and popular, and is the top priority of education.2020In 2018, comprehensively improve the level of popularization, comprehensively improve the quality of education, basically achieve balanced development within the region, and ensure that children and adolescents of appropriate age receive good compulsory education.
Consolidate the results of popularization of compulsory education. To adapt to the needs of urban and rural development, reasonably plan the school layout and run necessary teaching points to facilitate students to enroll nearby.
Improve the quality of compulsory education. Establish a national basic standards and monitoring system for the quality of compulsory education.
Enhance students' physical fitness. Scientifically arrange study, life and exercise to ensure students' sleep time.“Sunshine Sports”Exercise, ensure that students exercise for one hour a day. Advocate reasonable diet, improve students' nutritional status, and improve the nutritional level of rural students in poor areas.
(9) Promote the balanced development of compulsory education. Balanced development is a strategic task of compulsory education.
Effectively narrow the inter-school gap and focus on solving the problem of school selection. Accelerate the transformation of weak schools and strive to improve the level of faculty.
Accelerate the narrowing of urban-rural gap. Establish a compulsory education development mechanism that integrates urban and rural areas, and tilt towards rural areas in terms of financial appropriations, school construction, teacher allocation, etc.
Strive to narrow the regional gap. Increase transfer payments to compulsory education in old revolutionary areas, ethnic areas, border areas and poor areas.
(10) Reduce the academic burden of primary and secondary school students. Excessive academic burden seriously damages the physical and mental health of young people and endangers the future of the nation.
Governments at all levels should regard reducing burdens as an important goal of education work, coordinate planning, and promote overall. Adjust the content of the textbook and scientifically design the difficulty of the course.
Schools should implement burden reduction in all aspects of education and teaching, leaving students with time to understand society, think deeply, and practice hands-on. Improve teachers' professional quality, improve teaching methods, enhance classroom teaching effectiveness, and reduce the amount of homework and the number of exams.
Give full play to the important role of family education in the growth of adolescents. Parents should establish correct educational concepts, master scientific educational methods, respect their children's healthy interests, strengthen cooperation with schools, and jointly reduce students' academic burden.
Chapter 5 High School Education
(11) Accelerate the popularization of high school education. High school education is a critical period for students' personality formation and independent development, and it has special significance for improving the quality of the people and cultivating innovative talents.“Examination-oriented education”Trend. arrive2020In 2018, popularize high school education and fully meet the needs of junior high school graduates to receive high school education.
According to the needs of economic and social development, the enrollment ratio of general high schools and secondary vocational schools will be reasonably determined, and the overall enrollment scale of general high schools and secondary vocational schools will be generally the same in the future. Increase support for high school education in poor areas in the central and western regions.
(12) Comprehensively improve the comprehensive quality of ordinary high school students. Deepen the curriculum reform, fully implement the curriculum plan, and ensure that students fully complete the study of various courses such as liberal arts and sciences stipulated by the state.
(13) Promote the diversified development of ordinary high schools. Promote the diversification of the school-running system and expand high-quality resources.
Chapter 6 Vocational Education
(14) Vigorously develop vocational education. Developing vocational education is to promote economic development, promote employment, improve people's livelihood, and solve the problem“Three Rural Areas”The important way to the problem is a key link to alleviate the contradiction between the supply and demand structure of labor force and must be placed in a more prominent position. Vocational education should be oriented towards everyone and society, and strive to cultivate students' professional ethics, vocational skills and employment and entrepreneurship abilities.2020In 2018, a modern vocational education system will be formed that adapts to the transformation of development mode and economic structure adjustment requirements, reflects the concept of lifelong education, and coordinated development of secondary and higher vocational education, meets the needs of the people for vocational education, and meets the economic and social high-quality labor and skilled talents.
The government effectively fulfills its responsibilities in developing vocational education. Incorporate vocational education into economic and social development and industrial development plans to promote the scale and professional settings of vocational education to adapt to the needs of economic and social development.
Maintaining quality improvement. With service as the purpose and employment as the orientation, we will promote education and teaching reform.“Dual-teacher type”Construct the teacher team and training base to improve the basic capabilities of vocational education. Formulate basic operating standards for vocational schools.
(15) Mobilize the enthusiasm of industry and enterprises. Establish and improve a school-running mechanism led by the government, industry guidance, and enterprise participation, formulate regulations to promote school-enterprise cooperation, and promote the institutionalization of school-enterprise cooperation.
(16) Accelerate the development of rural-oriented vocational education. Strengthening vocational education is an important part of serving the construction of new rural areas.“Three Rural Areas”Ability. Strengthen the construction of agricultural-related majors and increase efforts to cultivate professional talents that meet the needs of agricultural and rural development.
(17) Enhance the attractiveness of vocational education. Improve vocational education support policies.“Double Certificate”System, promote the connection between curriculum standards and vocational skills standards in vocational colleges. Improve the employment access system and implement“Train first, then employment""Train first, then take the job”regulations. Establish and improve a vocational education curriculum connection system.
Chapter 7 Higher Education
(18) Comprehensively improve the quality of higher education. Higher education undertakes the important tasks of cultivating senior professionals, developing science, technology and culture, and promoting modernization.2020In 2018, the structure of higher education is more reasonable, the characteristics are more distinctive, the overall level of talent training, scientific research and social services is comprehensively improved, and a number of internationally renowned and distinctive high-level universities have been built, and several universities have reached or are close to world-class universities. The international competitiveness of higher education has been significantly enhanced.
(19) Improve the quality of talent training. Firmly establish the central position of talent training in the work of colleges and universities, and strive to cultivate high-quality professionals and top innovative talents with persistent beliefs, excellent moral character, rich knowledge and strong abilities.
Vigorously promote the reform of the postgraduate training mechanism. Establish a tutor responsibility system and a tutor project funding system dominated by scientific research, and promote the joint training of graduate students by industry, academia and research“Dual Tutor System”. Implement the postgraduate education innovation plan.
(20) Improve the level of scientific research. Give full play to the important role of universities in the national innovation system and encourage universities to contribute to knowledge innovation, technological innovation, national defense science and technology innovation and regional innovation.
(21) Enhance social service capabilities. Colleges and universities should firmly establish the awareness of actively serving the society and provide services in all aspects.
(22) Optimize the structure and create characteristics. To adapt to the needs of national and regional economic and social development, establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism and continuously optimize the structure of higher education.
Promote colleges and universities to develop their own characteristics. Establish a classification system for colleges and universities and implement classified management.
Accelerate the construction of first-class universities and first-class disciplines. Continue to implement based on the construction of key disciplines"985Project”and the construction of innovation platforms for advantageous disciplines, continue to be implemented"211Project”and launch special key discipline projects. Improve management models, introduce competition mechanisms, implement performance evaluation, and conduct dynamic management.
Chapter 8 Continuing Education
(23) Accelerate the development of continuing education. Continuing education is an educational activity for all members of society, especially adults, after school education, and is an important part of the lifelong learning system.2020In 2018, we will strive to form a learning society where everyone can learn, everywhere can learn, and at all times.
(24) Establish and improve the system and mechanism for continuing education. Establish a cross-departmental continuing education coordination agency to coordinate and guide the development of continuing education.
(25) Build a flexible and open lifelong education system. Vigorously develop education and training services and coordinate the expansion of continuing education resources.
Build lifelong learning“Oversidedbridge”. Promote vertical connection and horizontal communication between education at all levels and types, provide multiple choice opportunities, and meet individual diversified learning and development needs.
Chapter 9 Ethnic Education
(26) Attach importance to and support the cause of ethnic education. Accelerating the development of ethnic education is of great and far-reaching significance for promoting the economic and social development of ethnic minorities and ethnic regions, and promoting the common unity and struggle, prosperity and development of all ethnic groups.
Ethnic unity education is widely carried out in schools at all levels and types. Promote the Party’s national theory and ethnic policies, national laws and regulations into classrooms, textbooks, and minds, guide teachers and students to firmly establish the Marxist view of the motherland, ethnicity, and religion, continuously consolidate the foundation for the great unity of all ethnic groups, and enhance the Chinese nation
(27) Comprehensively improve the level of education development in ethnic minorities and ethnic areas. Public education resources should be tilted towards ethnic areas.
Promote the coordinated development of education at all levels and types in ethnic areas. Consolidate and improve the achievements of popularizing compulsory education in ethnic areas and comprehensively improve the quality of education and teaching.
Vigorously promote bilingual teaching. Fully open Chinese language courses to promote the national common language and characters.
Strengthen the counterpart support for education. Seriously organize and implement the education support work of mainland provinces and cities for ethnic areas.
Chapter 10 Special Education
(28) Care for and support special education. Special education is a basic way to promote the all-round development of people with disabilities and help people with disabilities better integrate into society.
Governments at all levels should accelerate the development of special education, include special education in the local economic and social development plan, and include it on the agenda.
(29) Improve the special education system. arrive2020Year, the city and30Counties with a population of more than 10,000 and more disabled children have a special education school. Encourage and support schools at all levels and types to accept the admission of disabled people, and continuously expand the scale of on-site classes and special education classes in ordinary schools.
(30) Improve the special education guarantee mechanism. The state formulates basic standards for running special education schools and local governments formulates standards for public funds per student.
Part 3 Institutional Reform
Chapter 11 Reform of the talent training system
(31) Update the concept of talent cultivation. The key to deepening the reform of the education system is to update educational concepts, and the core is to reform the talent training system, with w88 casino games loginthe goal of improving the level of talent training.
(32) Innovate talent training models. Follow the laws of education and the laws of talent growth, deepen education and teaching reform, innovate educational and teaching methods, explore a variety of training methods, and form a situation where all kinds of talents emerge and outstanding innovative talents continue to emerge.
Focus on combining learning and thinking. Advocate heuristic, inquiry, discussion and participatory teaching to help students learn to learn.
Focus on the unity of knowledge and action. Adhere to the combination of education and teaching with production labor and social practice.
Focus on teaching students according to their aptitude. Pay attention to the different characteristics and personality differences of students and develop the advantages and potential of each student.
(33) Reform the education quality evaluation and talent evaluation system. Improve educational and teaching evaluation.
Improve the social talent evaluation and selection system and create a good environment for talent cultivation. Establish a scientific view of talents and establish a system of various talent evaluation indicators with performance as the focus and consisting of factors such as morality, knowledge, and ability.
Chapter 12 Reform of the examination and enrollment system
(34) Promote the reform of the examination and enrollment system. Taking the reform of the examination and enrollment system as a breakthrough point, overcome“One exam determines lifelong”, promote the implementation of quality education and the cultivation of innovative talents.
(35) Improve the secondary school examination and enrollment system. Improve the specific methods for admission to junior high schools without examinations.
(36) Improve the examination and enrollment system of higher education institutions. Deepen the reform of the content and form of the exam, and focus on examining comprehensive qualities and abilities.
Gradually implement the classified entrance examination for higher education institutions. The general undergraduate entrance examination for higher education institutions is organized by the whole country; the entrance examination for higher vocational education is organized by various provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government).
Improve the enrollment and admission methods and establish and improve a diversified admission mechanism that is conducive to the selection of professional talents and innovative talents. The general undergraduate enrollment of higher education institutions takes the unified entrance examination as the basic method, and combines academic achievement examinations and comprehensive quality evaluation to select the best admission.
(37) Strengthen information disclosure and social supervision. Improve the system for publishing examination and enrollment information, realize the openness and transparency of information, protect the rights and interests of candidates, and strengthen government and social supervision.
Chapter 13 Build a modern school system
(38) Promote the separation of government and schools and management. Adapt to China's national conditions and the requirements of the times, build a modern school system that runs schools in accordance with the law, manages independently, supervises democratically, and participates in society, and builds a new type of relationship between the government, schools and society.
(39) Implement and expand the school’s autonomy in running schools. The government and its departments should establish a sense of service, improve management methods, improve management systems, reduce and standardize administrative approval matters for schools, and ensure that schools fully exercise their autonomy in running schools in accordance with the law.
(40) Improve the modern university system with Chinese characteristics. Improve the governance structure.索A effective way for professors to study, give full play to the role of professors in teaching, academic research and school management. Strengthen the construction of faculty and staff congresses and student congresses, and give full play to the role of mass organizations.
Strengthen the construction of the charter. All types of colleges and universities should formulate articles of association in accordance with the law and manage schools in accordance with the provisions of the articles of association.
Expand social cooperation. Explore the establishment of a board of directors or board of directors of universities and improve a long-term mechanism for social support and supervision of school development.
Promote professional evaluation. Specialized institutions and social intermediary institutions are encouraged to evaluate the level and quality of disciplines, majors, courses, etc. of universities.
(41) Improve the management system of primary and secondary schools. Improve the principal responsibility system for ordinary primary and secondary schools and secondary vocational schools.
Chapter 14 Reform of the school system
(42) Deepen the reform of the school management system. Adhere to the principle of public welfare in education, improve the school-running system with government-led, social participation, diverse school-running subjects, diverse school-running forms, and full of vitality, and form a pattern with government-running as the main body, active participation of the whole society, and common development of public and private education.
Deepen the reform of the public school system, actively encourage industries, enterprises and other social forces to participate in the public school operation, expand high-quality educational resources, enhance school vitality, and improve school management efficiency. Localities can start from reality and carry out experiments on joint school management and commissioned management of public schools, explore various forms, and improve the level of school management.
Improve the provision of public services for non-compulsory education, improve preferential policies, encourage fair competition, and guide social funds to enter the field of education in various ways.
(43) Vigorously support private education. Private education is an important growth point for the development of education and an important force in promoting education reform. Governments at all levels should regard the development of private education as an important duty, encourage investment in running schools, and promote social forces to establish them in various forms such as independent and co-organized.
Implement the equal legal status of private schools, students, teachers and public schools, students, and teachers in accordance with the law, and safeguard the autonomy of private schools in running schools. Clean up and correct various discrimination policies against private schools.和Private schools with conditions for doctoral degree awarding institutions shall be approved in accordance with prescribed procedures. Establish and improve the social insurance system for teachers in private schools.
Improve the policy of support for private education by public finance. The government entrusts private schools to undertake relevant education and training tasks and allocate corresponding education funds.
(44) Manage private education in accordance with the law. The education administrative department shall establish special institutions to be responsible for the overall planning, planning and management of the development of private education.
Chapter 15 Management system reform
(45) Improve the education management system that coordinates and has clear rights and responsibilities. Focusing on streamlining administration and delegating power and transforming government functions, deepen the reform of the education management system and improve the level of public education services.
(46) Strengthen the coordination of education at provincial governments. Further strengthen provincial governments' coordination of education at all levels and types in the region.
(47) Transform the government’s education management functions. Governments at all levels must earnestly perform their responsibilities of overall planning, policy guidance, supervision and management and provision of public education services, establish and improve the public education service system, gradually realize the equalization of basic public education services, and maintain educational equity and educational order.
Improve the scientific nature of government decision-making and the effectiveness of management. Standardize decision-making procedures, public discussion should be made before major education policies are issued, and the opinions of the masses should be fully listened to.
Cultivate professional education service institutions. Improve the access, funding, supervision and industry self-discipline systems of education intermediary organizations.
Chapter 16 Expand education opening
(48) Strengthen international exchanges and cooperation. Adhere to the use of opening up to promote reform and development.
(49) Introduce high-quality educational resources. Attract well-known overseas schools, educational and scientific research institutions and enterprises to cooperate in establishing educational and teaching, practical training, research institutions or projects.
Attract more world-class experts and scholars to come to China to engage in teaching, scientific research and management, and introduce high-end overseas talents and academic teams in a planned manner. Introduce excellent overseas teaching materials and increase the proportion of foreign teachers hired by universities.
(50) Improve the level of exchanges and cooperation. Expand the mutual recognition of intergovernmental academic qualifications and degrees.
Promote the overseas operation of high-level educational institutions in my country, strengthen international education exchanges, and widely carry out international cooperation and educational services. Support international Chinese language education.
Innovate and improve the mechanism for publicly sent overseas study abroad, and openly select outstanding students to study in high-level foreign universities and research institutions across the country. Strengthen policy guidance for self-funded study abroad and increase funding and rewards for outstanding self-funded overseas students.“Support study abroad, encourage return to China, and come and go freely”policy to improve the service and management level of overseas students.
Further expand the scale of foreign students. Increase the number of scholarships from the Chinese government, focus on funding students from developing countries, and optimize the structure of students studying in China.
Strengthen cooperation with international organizations such as UNESCO, and actively participate in bilateral, multilateral, global and regional education cooperation. Actively participate in and promote the research and formulation of education policies, rules and standards of international organizations.
Strengthen educational exchanges and cooperation between the mainland and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.
Part 4 Safety Measures
Chapter 17 Strengthen the construction of the teacher team
(51) Build a team of high-quality teachers. Educational plan is based on teachers.
Advocate educators to run schools. Create favorable conditions, encourage teachers and principals to boldly explore in practice, innovate educational ideas, educational models and educational methods, form teaching characteristics and school management style, and create a group of educators.
(52) Strengthen the construction of teachers' ethics. Strengthen the education of teachers' professional ideals and professional ethics, and enhance the sense of responsibility and mission of teachers in teaching and educating people.
(53) Improve teachers' professional level. Improve the training system, make training and training plans, optimize the team structure, and improve teachers' professional level and teaching ability.“Dual-teacher type”Teachers, academic leaders and principals have created a group of famous teaching teachers and discipline leaders.
Focus on rural teachers, improve the overall quality of the primary and secondary school teacher team. Innovate and improve the supplementary mechanism for rural teachers.
Every“Dual-teacher type”Focus on teachers and strengthen the construction of the teacher team in vocational colleges. Increase efforts to train teachers in vocational colleges.“Dual-teacher type”Teacher training base. Improve the system of regular practice for teachers to go to enterprises.
Focus on young and middle-aged teachers and innovative teams, build a high-quality college teacher team. Vigorously improve the teaching level, scientific research and innovation and social service capabilities of college teachers.
(54) Improve the status and treatment of teachers. Continuously improve teachers' work, study and living conditions, and attract outstanding talents to teach for a long time and for life.
(55) Improve the teacher management system. Improve and strictly implement the teacher access system and strictly control the teacher entrance.
Gradually implement unified urban and rural primary and secondary school staffing standards, and implement preferential policies for rural remote areas. Formulate standards for teacher training in colleges and kindergartens.
Chapter 18 Support funding investment
(56) Increase investment in education. Education investment is a basic and strategic investment that supports the country's long-term development, a material foundation for the education industry, and an important function of public finance.
Governments at all levels should optimize the fiscal expenditure structure, coordinate various incomes, and give priority to education as a key area of fiscal expenditure. Strictly in accordance with the provisions of education laws and regulations, the distribution of over-received income in the budget and budget implementation at the beginning of the year must reflect the statutory growth requirements, ensuring that the growth of fiscal education appropriations is significantly higher than the growth of fiscal recurring income, and gradually making education expenses based on the average number of students in school3% full education surcharge is collected, and it is specially used for education. Increase the proportion of national fiscal education expenditure to GDP,2012Accredited4%.
Social investment is an important part of education w88 online sports bettinginvestment. Fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the whole society to run education, expand the access to social resources to education, and increase education investment through multiple channels.
(57) Improve the investment mechanism. Further clarify the responsibilities of governments at all levels to provide public education services, improve the investment mechanism for education funds at all levels, and ensure the stable source and growth of school school funding.
Compulsory education is fully included in the scope of financial guarantees, and the investment system that the State Council and local people's governments at all levels are jointly responsible for the overall implementation of the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government are responsible for the overall implementation. Further improve the rural compulsory education funding guarantee mechanism divided by central and local finances and proportionately shared, and improve the level of guarantee.
Not compulsory education implements an investment mechanism that focuses on government investment and educated people reasonably share the training costs. Preschool education implements an investment mechanism of government investment, social organizer investment, and reasonable burdens for families.
Further increase investment in education in rural areas, remote and impoverished areas, and ethnic areas. The central government has increased transfer payments to support the development of education in rural underdeveloped areas and ethnic areas, strengthened key areas and weak links, and solved prominent problems.
Improve the national funding policy system. According to the popularity and development of preschool education, localities will gradually provide funding for children from rural families with financial difficulties and urban minimum living allowance to receive preschool education.
(58) Strengthen funding management. Adhere to financial management in accordance with the law and strictly implement the national legal system for financial fund management and financial discipline.
Improve school fee management measures and standardize school fee behavior and the use and management of fee funds. Adhere to the principle of running schools with thrift, strictly prohibit extravagance and waste, and build economized schools.
Chapter 19 Accelerate the process of education informatization
(59) Accelerate the construction of educational information infrastructure. Information technology has a revolutionary impact on the development of education and must be taken seriously.2020In 2018, a digital education service system covering all levels and types of schools in urban and rural areas will be basically established to promote the modernization of educational content, teaching methods and methods. Make full use of high-quality resources and advanced technologies, innovate operating mechanisms and management models, integrate existing resources, and build an advanced, efficient and practical digital education infrastructure.
(60) Strengthen the development and application of high-quality educational resources. Strengthen the construction of online teaching resource database.
Strengthen the application of information technology. Improve teachers' level of application of information technology, update teaching concepts, improve teaching methods, and improve teaching effectiveness.
(61) Build a national education management information system. Formulate basic information management requirements for school management, accelerate the informatization process of school management, and promote the standardization and standardization of school management.
Chapter 20 Promote the rule of education according to law
(62) Improve the education legal system. In accordance with the requirements of fully implementing the basic strategy of governing the country according to law, accelerate the process of building the education legal system and form a relatively complete socialist education legal system with Chinese characteristics.
(63) Comprehensively promote administration according to law. Governments at all levels must perform their educational responsibilities in accordance with the requirements of building a government ruled by law.
(64) Vigorously promote the rule of law in schools. Schools should establish and improve school charters and systems that comply with the law, and perform their educational and teaching and management responsibilities in accordance with the law.
Conduct legal education. Continuously improve the legal quality and civic awareness of teachers and students.
(65) Improve the supervision system and supervision and accountability mechanism. Formulate education supervision regulations and further improve the education supervision system.
Strictly implement the accountability system. Actively accept and actively cooperate with the supervision and inspection of the implementation of education laws and regulations by the People's Congress and its Standing Committee at all levels and judicial supervision by judicial organs.
Chapter 21 Major projects and reform pilot
(66) Organize and implement major projects.2010-2012Focusing on the strategic goals of education reform and development, focusing on promoting educational equity, improving education quality, and enhancing sustainable development capabilities, focusing on strengthening weak links and key areas, improving mechanisms and organizing and implementing a number of major projects.
Standardization Construction Project of Compulsory Education Schools. Improve the funding guarantee mechanism for urban and rural compulsory education, scientifically plan, coordinate arrangements, and make reasonable arrangements.
Compulsory education teacher team construction project. Continue to implement the special job plan for teachers in rural compulsory education schools to attract college graduates to teach in rural areas; strengthen the construction of teachers in weak subjects in rural primary and secondary schools, and focus on cultivating and supplementing a group of urgently needed and scarce teachers in remote and poor areas and old revolutionary areas; for compulsory education teachers
Rural preschool education promotion project. Support the run of existing township and village kindergartens; focus on supporting poor areas in the central and western regions to make full use of the surplus school buildings and social resources of primary schools, and renovate or expand or build new township and village kindergartens; provide training for rural kindergarten principals and key teachers.
Basic capacity building project for vocational education. Support the construction of a number of vocational education training bases and improve the practical teaching level of vocational education; complete a large number of“Dual-teacher type”Teacher training, appoint (recruitment) a large number of full-time and part-time teachers with practical experience and skills; support the construction of a number of demonstration schools for reform of secondary vocational education and high-quality characteristic schools, support the construction of demonstration schools for higher vocational education; support the construction of a number of demonstration schools for demonstration schools for demonstration schools for demonstration schools for demonstration schools for demonstration schools for demonstration schools for demonstration schools for demonstration schools for demonstration schools for demonstration schools for demonstration schools for demonstration schools for The construction of vocational education group schools will promote the open sharing of high-quality resources.
The project to improve the quality of higher education. Implement the plan to revitalize higher education in the central and western regions, strengthen the construction of advantageous disciplines and faculty teams in local universities in the central and western regions; implement the plan to support the central and western regions, and increase support for the central and western regions; support the construction of a number of production, education and research bases in higher education institutions;"985Project”and the construction of innovation platforms for advantageous disciplines, continue to be implemented"211Project”and launch special key discipline projects; continue to implement“Undergraduate Teaching Quality and Teaching Reform Project in Colleges and Universities""Lesson Education Innovation Program""Prosperity Plan for the Philosophy and Social Sciences of Colleges and Universities”和“University High-level Innovation Talent Plan”。
Ethnic Education Development Project. Consolidate ethnic areas“Pujiu”Achievements, support border counties and poor counties in ethnic autonomous areas to achieve standardization of compulsory education schools; focus on supporting and cultivating a group of scarce teachers in border ethnic areas; strengthening bilingual teachers in primary and secondary schools and kindergartens in ethnic areas; and accelerating the high school stage in ethnic areas Education development, launch the mainland secondary vocational classes, support the renovation and expansion of counties with weak education foundations, and build a number of general high schools and secondary vocational schools; support the construction of ethnic colleges (universities).
Special Education Development Project. Renovate and expand and build a number of special education schools to make cities and cities30Counties with a population of more than 10,000 and counties with many disabled children have a special education school; they can add necessary teaching, living and rehabilitation training facilities to the existing special education schools to improve school conditions; special education teachers are provided professional training to improve Educational and teaching level.
Family financial difficulties student funding project. Launch a nutrition improvement plan for rural primary school students in ethnic and poor areas; exempt tuition fees for students from families with financial difficulties and students involved in agricultural majors in secondary vocational education; include ordinary high school students and graduate students in the national student aid system.
National Education Information Project. Increase the number of computers per 100 students in primary and secondary schools, and gradually realize that every class in primary and secondary schools can carry out multimedia teaching; build an effective and shared national digital teaching resource library and public service platform covering all levels and types of education; basically build a relatively complete country
International Exchange and Cooperation Project for Education. Support a number of demonstration Sino-foreign cooperative education institutions; support the construction of a number of international cooperation joint laboratories and research centers in universities; introduce a large number of high-level overseas talents; carry out overseas training and training for principals and key teachers of universities, middle schools and primary schools; support the expansion of public-subjected study abroad
(67) Organize and carry out reform pilot projects. Establish a national education system reform leading group to study, deploy and guide the implementation of education system reform.
Promote the pilot reform of quality education. Establish an effective mechanism to reduce the academic burden of primary and secondary school students; carry out diversified experiments on high school management models, develop special courses; explore flexible academic systems and other training methods; establish an education quality monitoring and evaluation system, and regularly publish assessment results.
Pilot for balanced development and reform of compulsory education. Establish a mechanism for the development of urban-rural compulsory education; pilot the exchange system between teachers and principals within the county; pilot the method of reasonably allocating enrollment quotas to ordinary junior high schools in the region; effectively solve the problem of school selection in the compulsory education stage in the region, etc.
Pilot reform of vocational education school management model. Focusing on promoting government coordination, school-enterprise cooperation, and group-based school management, explore mechanisms for departments and industry enterprises to participate in school management; carry out pilot projects such as commissioned training, targeted training, and order-based training; carry out pilot projects such as combining engineering and academics, flexible academic systems, and modular teaching;“Three Rural Areas”Pilot for serving and cultivating new types of farmers.
Pilot for the construction of lifelong education system and mechanism. Establish a communication mechanism between general education, vocational education and continuing education in the region; establish a lifelong learning network and service platform; coordinate the development of social education resources and actively develop community education; establish a learning outcome certification system, establish“Credit Bank”system, etc.
Pilot reform of the cultivation of top innovative talents. Explore ways to cultivate innovative talents throughout all levels and types of education; encourage colleges and universities to jointly cultivate outstanding innovative talents; support qualified high schools and universities to cooperate with universities and research institutes to carry out research and experiments on innovative talent training, and establish innovative talent training bases.
Pilot for reforming the examination and enrollment system. Improve junior and high school academic achievement tests and comprehensive quality evaluation; explore independent examinations of higher vocational schools or register for admission based on academic achievement test scores; explore specific methods of independent admission, recommended admission, targeted admission, and exceptional admission; explore narrowing the area for admission opportunities in higher vocational schools
Pilot for modern university system reform. Formulate and improve the school charter, explore mechanisms for the school board or board of directors and academic committees to play an active role; fully implement the appointment (employment) system and job management system; implement the open recruitment system for new recruits; explore flexible and w88 casino gamesdiverse distributions such as agreement salary system
Pilot for deepening the reform of the school-running system. Explore reform experiments such as joint school management, Sino-foreign cooperative school management, and commissioned management; carry out pilot projects for classified management of for-profit and non-profit private schools; establish financial, accounting and asset management systems for private schools; explore the effective management of independent colleges in public universities
Pilot reform of local education investment guarantee mechanism. Establish a long-term mechanism for raising education funds through multiple channels; formulate basic standards for per-student funding and basic standards for per-student fiscal funding; explore ways to coordinate government revenue to support education; establish a sub-item sharing mechanism for education investment; formulate an encouragement of education investment in accordance with the law
Pilot for comprehensive reform of education coordination of provincial governments. Explore the form of separation of management and office, separate government and schools; reasonably deploy the settings of schools, disciplines and majors in the region; formulate basic standards such as school operating conditions, teacher staffing, and enrollment scale; promote pilot projects for comprehensive education reform in counties and cities; strengthen the construction of education supervision system, and explore supervision
Chapter 22 Strengthen organizational leadership
(68) Strengthen the leadership of the Party and the government over education work. Party committees and governments at all levels should adopt Deng Xiaoping Theory and“Three Represents”Guide as important ideas, thoroughly implement the Scientific Outlook on Development, take the promotion of priority and scientific development of education as an important responsibility, improve the leadership system and decision-making mechanism, and promptly study and solve major issues of education reform and development and hot issues of concern to the masses .
(69) Strengthen and improve the party building in the education system. Build the education system party organization into a learning-oriented party organization.
Improve the party organizations of schools at all levels and types. We will integrate the full implementation of the Party’s education policy and the cultivation of socialist builders and successors throughout the school’s party organization activities, adhere to the socialist direction of running schools, and firmly grasp the Party’s dominance over the ideological work of the school.
Strengthen the construction of the school leadership team and leading cadres, and continuously improve ideological and political quality and school management ability. Adhere to the standards of both moral integrity and ability, and take morality as the first priority to employ people, and select and appoint school leading cadres.
Focus on expanding the coverage of party organizations, promoting work innovation, and enhancing vitality. Give full play to the role of a fighting fortress in the school’s grassroots party organizations and the role of a pioneer and exemplary party member.
Strengthen the construction of party style and clean government and conduct in the education system. Daxing is closely linked to the masses, the spirit of seeking truth and being pragmatic, the spirit of hard work, and the spirit of criticism and self-criticism.
(70) Effectively maintain harmony and stability in the education system. Carry out in-depth activities to create safe campuses, civilized campuses, green campuses and harmonious campuses to create a stable, orderly, harmonious and vibrant working, learning and living environment for teachers and students.
Real 施
This planning outline is21The first medium- and long-term education planning outline in my country in the century, involves a wide range of areas, a large time span, heavy tasks and high requirements. It must be carefully deployed, carefully organized, and conscientiously implemented to ensure that all tasks are implemented.
Clarify goals and tasks and implement division of responsibilities. Implementing the planning outline is an important responsibility of party committees and governments at all levels.
Propose implementation plans and formulate supporting policies. All localities should propose specific plans and measures for implementation in their regions based on the strategic goals, main tasks, institutional reforms, major measures and projects determined by the planning outline, and organize implementation in stages and steps.
Encourage exploration and innovation, and strengthen supervision and inspection. Fully respect the people's pioneering spirit, encourage all localities to actively explore, be brave in innovation, creatively implement the planning outline, and attach importance to the reform pilot work.
Extensive publicity and mobilization to create a good environment. Widely publicize the Party and the State's policies and policies on education work, widely publicize the importance and urgency of prioritizing the development of education and building a strong country with human resources, widely publicize the great significance and main content of the planning outline, and mobilize the whole Party and society to further care and support
