People's Daily Online: The Theory of Relative Balance of Consumption, w88 slot and Regulation - Dr. Wu Bingxin answers reporters' questions
(Source: People's Daily Online reporter: Li Jin2016Year12month14日）
Recently, Dr. Wu Bingxin, dean, professor and doctoral supervisor of the China Institute of Consumer Economics at the w88 casino, accepted an interview with Mr. Li Jin, the former vice president of the Shandong Branch of Xinhua News Agency and a reporter from Xinhua News Agency. He analyzed the issues of consumption, supply and consumer-side balance. Focusing on the issue of supply-side reform, he used a scholar's perspective to answer the reporter's questions from a theoretical and practical perspective19questions.
Location: Beijing
Reporter Li Jin(hereinafter referred to as reporter): It has been almost two years since the central government proposed w88 slot-side reform. What do you think of this?
Dr. Wu Bingxin(hereinafter referred to as Dr. Wu): Strengthen w88 slot-side structural reform", which is a major adjustment in the economic governance thinking of the central and state leaders. Xi Jinping emphasized that while moderately expanding aggregate demand, we should strive to strengthen w88 slot-side structural reform, strive to improve the quality and efficiency of the w88 slot system, enhance the driving force for sustained economic growth, and promote the overall jump in my country's social productivity level. This is very correct.
Strengthening the w88 slot-side structural reform means that in the future, China's macro-control of the economy will shift from guiding consumption on the demand side to promoting product quality improvement on the w88 slot side. "w88 slot-side reform" will also replace the "troika" of export, investment, and consumption. This is a major strategic adjustment. Not only did I notice it, I studied it in depth.
Reporter: Yes, this also means that economic theory, especially consumer economic theory, must face this problem and needs to be adjusted.
Dr. Wu: Whether it is the w88 slot side or the consumption side, it is nothing more than a question of the relationship and balance between w88 slot and demand. Keynes discussed this issue in detail in his "General Theory". He attempted to explain the imbalance between consumption and w88 slot caused by insufficient effective demand through the revelation of three basic laws. The three basic laws are the law of diminishing marginal propensity to consume, the law of diminishing expected marginal returns on capital and people’s flexible preferences. The three causes people to keep their income in the form of money, while consumption and investment decrease, thus reducing effective demand. As a result, the economy has a national income equilibrium that is less than full employment.
But Keynes’s theory is flawed. It is based on subjective psychological analysis and its logic is not rigorous. Keynes was limited to aggregate analysis and only saw the phenomenon of income affecting consumption, but could not further reveal the reasons behind the impact on consumption, including social potential needs and desires as well as consumption-side structural reforms.
Reporter: Looking at it now, Keynes’s theory cannot fully explain our practical problems in China.
Dr. Wu: After Keynes, there was a great economist Paul Samuelson,This is the first American economist to win the Nobel Prize in Economics, the master of contemporary Keynesianism, and a generalist in economics. His classic book "Economics" has sold more than 1,000 copies worldwide in more than 40 languages.400With over 10,000 copies, it is the best-selling economics textbook in the world. His consumption theory, especially the theory that both production and consumption require the joint action of the government and the market, is still meaningful. He emphasized that w88 slot and demand must rely on two forces, that is to say, the invisible hand of the market and the administrative role of the government are jointly involved. Now our government has taken action and raised the issue of w88 slot and demand side reforms.
But his consumption does not include social consumption, consumption of social productivity, consumption chain, value chain, industrial chain, and macro-control. The flaw still lies in the design, which is a matter of static analytical balance. This makes it difficult to fundamentally analyze the balance and imbalance between demand and consumption, and it is even less possible to further discuss the relationship between the w88 slot and demand side and the consumption side theory.
Reporter: So what do you think about this issue?
Dr. Wu: The economic and social operation of consumption is always a dynamic process. There is no absolute balance between consumption and demand, only a relative balance. The consumer side is composed of actual effective demand, potential demand, and desired demand. Real production meets real needs. This is just a cycle, or a cycle. But in the long history, this can only be a short period, and new imbalances will soon appear again due to latent needs and desired needs.
Potential needs and desires drive the development of scientific research and production. Of course, it also promotes scientific research consumption and production consumption. When scientific research develops new products based on potential needs and desired needs, it will promote the production of new products. When a new product turns potential demand into actual demand and turns desired demand into realized demand, then this is an increase, but it is not a repetition of the original one. So the law of circular spiral motion is reflected. And this circular spiral law and formula was discovered by me.
Reporter: Can you talk about the relationship between the consumer side and the w88 slot side according to your formula?
Dr. Wu: Consumption is divided into three major categories, namely daily consumption, social consumption, and scientific research, production and consumption. Life consumption is the center and ultimate goal of the three major consumptions. Social consumption is the guarantee, realization and promotion of the development of daily consumption. Scientific research, production and consumption are the means and methodology to realize daily consumption and social consumption. In the process of continuous innovation, creation and development, scientific research, production and consumption create and innovate consumer products that increase their own consumption and demand, and constantly improve their own needs and consumption needs of new technology productivity capabilities, thereby continuously meeting the growing and increasing material, spiritual and cultural, and information consumption needs of life consumption and social consumption.
In the development process of the three major consumption dynamic movements, daily consumption, social consumption, and scientific research, production and consumption are dialectical, antagonistic and unified contradictory laws. The imbalance between w88 slot and demand is absolute, while balance is relative. The effective demand, potential demand, and desired demand of the three major consumers are the w88 slot side (w88 slot side). They are always the direction and driving force of scientific research and production, and can also be called traction. Consumption determines everything. No matter how high the productivity is, if the products produced are not consumed by consumers (the three major consumers), the value created by productivity cannot be realized, nor can the level of productivity be reflected. Scientific research, production and consumption (w88 slot side) must always be aimed at actual consumer demand, and investment in scientific research, production and consumption must be closely centered around consumer demand.
w88 slot-side structural reform is to start from improving the quality of w88 slot, regulate the outstanding imbalance between the "w88 slot side" and the "demand side", use reform methods to promote structural adjustment, correct the allocation of factors, expand effective w88 slot, improve the adaptability and flexibility of the w88 slot structure to changes in demand, improve total factor productivity, better meet the needs of the people, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of the consumer economy and society.
Reporter: What is the purpose of w88 slot-side reform? In other words, why do we need to reform?
Dr. Wu: This is determined by China’s current economic performance. Specifically, it is because the w88 slot side cannot fully meet China’s current actual needs, potential needs and desires. Old consumer goods can no longer fully meet people's needs, and we hope that there will be more newer consumer goods for consumers to purchase and consume. In other words, people's actual needs are also constantly developing with the development of society and science and technology. These are potential needs and desire needs. If old products cannot be sold and new products cannot be produced, there will only be overproduction, which will also lead to a shortage of new consumption. People's willingness to shop abroad is an illustration, so the w88 slot side must keep up with potential demand and desired demand, and structural reforms must be carried out. For example:
The problem of oversupply of steel (crude steel), cement and other construction materials and non-ferrous metals. Why there is oversupply is because of the shortage of steel materials caused by insufficient investment in scientific research, production and consumption. This has also led to the contradiction between the underdevelopment of the domestic steel and other building materials consumption market and the lack of development of the international consumer market.
In addition, the scientific research and production of consumer goods is still relatively extensive and cannot meet the growing and increasing consumption needs of the domestic people. However, imported consumer products from abroad still dominate the market. This requires increasing investment in scientific research and production of consumer products to regulate the contradiction between w88 slot and demand of consumer products.
There is also the innovation, creation, and development of the basic productivity of our scientific research, production and consumption itself, as well as the insufficient investment in scientific research and consumption, production and consumption, and the insufficient investment in scientific research and consumption of high-tech and cutting-edge technologies. There are also many aspects of production and manufacturing technology that lag behind the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Japan, South Korea, Israel and other countries, and the basic scientific research and consumption, production and consumption investment of the manufacturing industry itself need to be accelerated.
In addition, the concept of intelligence in today’s society has gradually penetrated into all walks of life and our lives[1]20677_20762
Reporter: The w88 slot structure cannot be separated from the consumption structure. What is your opinion in this regard?
Dr. Wu: Without the consumption structure, w88 slot-side structural reform will be difficult to implement
The w88 slot structure is determined by the consumption structure, and the w88 slot structure affects the consumption structure. The two are contradictory laws of unity of opposites. There is no basis for w88 slot-side structural reform that is divorced from the consumption structure. It is bound to be chaotic and difficult to implement. The consumption side and the w88 slot side are contradictory and unified.
The comprehensive theoretical system of consumption is a theory that traces back to the source and rectifies the source. Stimulating consumption seems to be a simple principle, but it always fails to stimulate consumption? What's the problem? Out of theory, out of production purposes. Theoretically it is not correct, the direction is not correct, and the path cannot be correct. Consumption issues are a difficult and complex issue for governments and enterprises today. For many entrepreneurs and managers who dream of going global, consumption is an insurmountable problem.
Just as thinking is the core of philosophy, consumption is the core of the development of human society and the password for corporate survival.
The "troika" of investment, export and consumption are not parallel. Consumption is the horse that "drives the shaft", and import and export w88 consumption is the "horse" that pulls the strings. Export is consumption in the international consumer market, while investment is scientific research, production and consumption. Investment must pay attention to the study of immediate benefits, and more importantly, investment in longer-term benefits. Therefore, scientific research must study potential consumer demand and forward-looking desire consumer demand and the consumer market. So if we seize consumption, we seize the key.
Reporter: What do you think is the core of w88 slot-side reform?
Dr. Wu: w88 slot-side structural reform will occupy a prominent position during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period and even longer, and will play an important role in the stability, long-term development, and healthy vitality of China's economy in the future. However, before implementing w88 slot-side structural reform, we must first understand its connotation and core so that it can be targeted and effective.
The key to advancing w88 slot-side structural reform is to improve the quality and efficiency of economic growth and comprehensively enhance China's factor productivity in all aspects. At this stage, the focus of policies should be on increasing w88 slot-side adjustments, guiding w88 slot-side reduction and structural adjustment of excess production capacity, and achieving a new balance that is compatible with the demand side. Only when prices are relatively stable and corporate profitability is restored can transformation and rebalancing be achieved.
The core of w88 slot-side reform is to reduce the institutional transaction costs of enterprises, including transaction costs, various taxes, financing costs, social security costs, etc. This will help enhance corporate innovation capabilities, improve w88 slot quality and efficiency, improve w88 slot structure, and ultimately increase total factor productivity.
The core of China’s future reform should start from the w88 slot side. w88 slot-side structural reform is a macro-control with a medium- and long-term perspective that emphasizes structural optimization from a w88 slot perspective and increasing effective w88 slot.
The "Recommendations" are different from the previous short-term regulation to stimulate the demand side, return to the origin of growth and innovate, build a new development system, and focus on consumer demand, in order to break the growth dilemma and release growth dividends through the w88 slot side.
"The so-called w88 slot-side reform refers to the reform that occurs on the input side rather than the output side." w88 slot-side reform will ultimately fall on the reform of the consumption structure. The original meaning of structural reform is to achieve the purpose of improving efficiency through proportional adjustments.
Reporter: Where to start with w88 slot-side reform?
Dr. Wu: w88 slot-side structural reform must first effectively increase efforts and achieve substantial progress in reducing production capacity and expanding new consumer markets. In the future, investment must be determined by consumption, production must be determined by consumption, and production and consumption levels must be improved by scientific research consumption. The negative profit growth of industrial enterprises has lasted for more than a year. If this situation continues to drag on, not only will the operating difficulties of enterprises increase, but also financial and fiscal risks will further increase or become more prominent.
The key to solving this situation is to follow the regulation laws of the socialist consumer market with Chinese characteristics and regulate the contradictions that constantly arise between the w88 slot side and the consumption side in the dynamic development process. In addition, it is necessary to further relax access and accelerate the reform of administrative monopoly industries; accelerate the flow of land, capital, personnel and other factors between urban and rural areas to achieve rational allocation of resources; accelerate the cultivation of an environment conducive to innovation; further accelerate the transformation and upgrading of industries, etc.
We must pay more attention to the innovation model that governs the overall situation with medium and long-term high-quality institutional w88 slot, replacing the Keynesian model that focuses on short-term demand regulation. In optimizing the w88 slot-side environmental mechanism, we must emphasize efficient institutional w88 slot and open market space to stimulate the potential of micro entities for innovation, entrepreneurship, and creation, and build, shape, and strengthen new driving forces for the long-term stable development of our country's economy. Jia Kang suggested that the population policy should be adjusted immediately, from controlling the population to optimizing the implementation of human capital strategies; actively and prudently promote land system reform, and gradually establish a unified urban and rural land transfer system; comprehensively implement financial reforms, actively lift "financial inhibitions", and effectively support the real economy; implement reforms to "loosen" and "burden" business and entrepreneurial activities, and stimulate microeconomic vitality; vigorously implement education reforms and innovation-driven strategies to cultivate high-level talents to effectively build an innovative country.
Reporter: What are the key factors in w88 slot-side structural reform?
Dr. Wu: In the w88 slot-side structural reform, five "keys" should be emphasized, that is:
The first is to innovate technology and improve efficiency, especially when the labor force is insufficient;
Second, we must promote economic growth by reforming a series of inefficient systems that hinder social vitality and development;
The third is to increase population w88 slot. If the w88 slot of technology alone is not balanced by the w88 slot of population, the surplus may become more serious; in the long run, an increase in labor w88 slot can not only promote economic development, but also increase the base for social pension payments, which is of great significance in filling the pension gap;
Fourth, we must reduce taxes and fees to promote the development of the manufacturing industry.
In addition, the problem of loan sharking must be solved.
Reporter: How to strike a balance between w88 slot-side reform and demand-side stimulation?
Dr. Wu: A relative balance must be achieved between w88 slot-side reform and demand-side stimulation.
The key to the current economy lies in the government's demand policy, which requires a relative balance between w88 slot-side reform and demand-side stimulation. Excessive leaning toward either party may lead to irreversible consequences. Demand management and w88 slot management are two forms of macroeconomic management. Although they will be emphasized in different periods, they are always an inseparable unity, interdependent and mutually conditioned. Therefore, it is necessary to be fully prepared strategically for a protracted war, grasp the relationship between the current and the long-term, rhythm and intensity, and advance w88 slot-side structural reform in an orderly manner.
Promoting w88 slot-side structural reform requires strong demand-side management. Moderate and effective economic stimulus policies will create a better environment for comprehensively promoting w88 slot-side structural reform. There must be a bottom line as to how far the demand side can go without affecting the w88 slot side reform. When, where and to what extent, demand side can be engaged. w88 slot-side reform cannot and should not ignore the demand side of consumption. For example, steel requires limited production of crude steel, and investment in scientific research and production of fine steel should be increased. At the same time, the development of the crude steel consumer market (including the domestic rural consumer market and the foreign investment consumer market) should be increased.
Under the new normal, it is particularly important to give full play to the fundamental role of consumption in promoting economic development. Once consumption becomes the dominant force in the economy, the social productivity it transforms into will be huge, both in terms of intensity and magnitude.
Under the new normal, my country's consumer economics theory, especially for "w88 slot-side" reform and sustained and rapid economic development, provides theoretical basis and methodology, which has important practical significance. Human consumption affects the domestic and foreign consumer markets, and the "consumption side" affects the regulation, reform and development of the "w88 slot side". The "consumption side" is the driving force and traction force of the "w88 slot side" reform at all times. If "w88 slot-side" reform departs from effective demand, potential demand and desired demand, it will become a purposeless reform. At present, China's w88 slot and demand relationship is facing a structural imbalance that cannot be ignored. The "mismatch between w88 slot and demand" has become the biggest obstacle to China's sustained economic growth. Therefore, emphasizing w88 slot-side reform means starting from scientific research, production and the w88 slot side, adjusting the w88 slot structure, and finding a path to truly activate domestic demand and create a new driving force for economic development.
w88 slot-side structural reform is to start from improving the quality of w88 slot, regulate the outstanding imbalance between the "w88 slot side" and the "demand side", use reform methods to promote structural adjustment, correct distortions in factor allocation, expand effective w88 slot, improve the adaptability and flexibility of the w88 slot structure to changes in demand, improve total factor productivity, better meet the needs of the people, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of the consumer economy and society. The theory of consumption and leadership management proposes: Under the leadership of the Communist Party, the state dominates the economy, focusing on people's daily consumption, developing social consumption, with six purposes and three means20Elements, at different stages of the dynamic process of the consumer economy, use different combinations of elements according to different w88 slot and demand conflicts, and in the dynamic process of balance-prominence, prominence-balance, continue to macro-control and reform the development of scientific research, production and consumption on the "w88 slot side", and solve the contradiction between the "w88 slot side" and the "consumption side". Make the consumer economy and society relatively more balanced-Prominence, prominence-The balanced movement process continues to develop at a high speed.
Reporter: In history, there are many lessons learned in the understanding and handling of the relationship between the w88 slot side and the consumer side. Should we learn from it?
Dr. Wu: Yes, there have been many such big and painful lessons in history. We must study and learn to avoid repeating historical mistakes.
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This lesson tells us that when productivity develops rapidly, people’s consumption demand chain cannot be improved, people’s income cannot increase, the ability to effectively consume demand is insufficient, and the things produced cannot be sold, a comprehensive economic crisis will break out, leading to overproduction. When production and consumption w88 slot exceeds the effective demand, oversupply occurs, leading to a financial crisis; when production and consumption w88 slot falls far short of effective demand, w88 slot exceeds demand, leading to an economic crisis. This is an inevitable rule.
This is a lesson from afar, but there is a lesson that is closer, that is2008The subprime mortgage crisis in the United States. The Bank of the United States lends funds to housing producers, the housing producers use the bank's money to produce and build houses, and consumers borrow the bank's money to purchase houses. When houses are not sold, there is no money to repay bank loans. In this way, the bank's capital becomes houses. Banks are a liability economy and a liquid economy, but houses are not liquid assets. Houses are overproduced. Bank investment loans fail and cannot collect the loans. This gradually leads to the collapse of American banks and the outbreak of the subprime mortgage crisis.
These two cases tell us that production is not organized according to real consumer demand, nor is it organized according to effective consumer demand. If the production process only focuses on making money, investing, making money, and making money again, it will gradually deviate from the real effective consumer demand. When investment exceeds the real effective demand, it will inevitably lead to a local economic crisis or a global economic crisis. This is a rule. The first world economic crisis can illustrate this problem,2008The subprime mortgage crisis in 2008 can also illustrate this problem.
Reporter: How can we prevent history from repeating itself and make reality operate more reasonably and healthily?
Dr. Wu: Generally speaking, our development process adopts an extensive economic approach. Our suppliers also pay attention to the upgrading of new technology products and the upgrading of the consumer economy in the production process, but our scientific research is not keeping up. We should increase production and consumption investment in applied scientific research and focus on the development of consumers' potential consumption needs and desire consumption needs. In this regard, the United States, Japan, South Korea, Germany, the United Kingdom, France and other countries have done better. Since our economic development process is extensive, there is a process of developing into new technological fields. Now our country has noticed this problem and attaches great importance to scientific research on new technology products, tax policies, financial support, etc.
All of our manufacturing industries should be reformed in this direction. All of this is based on consumption needs. China is already the world's second largest import and export country, which means that Chinese goods and Chinese production are highly connected with the world economy. Both daily consumer goods and industrial production consumer goods have been linked to the international community. The consumption level of Chinese people is increasing rapidly, and China is gradually moving towards the international consumer market in the process of development. Many international high-quality new technology products have entered China and occupied the Chinese market. Although we also export some high-quality products, the proportion is not high. Our total proportion of new technology products, high-quality products, and brand products is not high. Therefore, we urgently need to quickly improve the quality of our products, improve our technological content, and quickly occupy the international market. Improving people's consumption structure and level, and also improving our production and manufacturing capabilities, are all consumption needs and should be applied to reform.
Although we have the consumption capacity and consumer demand, the production and w88 slot sides are not enough in researching demand and tracking demand. This is mainly reflected in the insufficient investment in scientific research and technology on the w88 slot side and insufficient research. Bringing our production level to a big level through comprehensive reform is the most urgent task of w88 slot-side reform at present. In this process, we must increase technological reform, increase financial support, and increase tax policy support. These reforms are all centered around the upgrading of the living consumption structure and the reform of the scientific research and production of technical tools and equipment in production. On the one hand, we need to increase social consumption (such as public security, justice, aviation, national defense, etc.), especially national defense, which urgently needs improvement. Aircrafts and missiles Our country has made great achievements in this regard, but we must further increase investment in social consumption and conduct advanced research to meet the needs of national defense consumption. On the other hand, in the medical and health industry, reducing personnel and improving the level of automated management of the system also require w88 slot-side reforms and higher-tech reforms. The entire social consumption also urgently needs to improve the consumption level and consumption structure, and scientific research and production must keep pace with and strengthen scientific research and production in this area.
Reform is a practical methodology and a systemic issue. There are w88 slot-side reforms required by daily consumption needs, w88 slot-side reforms required by social consumption needs, w88 slot-side reforms required by the technical equipment needs of production itself, and w88 slot-side reforms required by scientific research and high technology.
Reporter: What is the top priority now?
Dr. Wu: In one word, grasp the balance point and adjust the w88 slot side of consumer demand
Seize the balance point and adjust the w88 slot side of consumer demand. If we want to stimulate the economy, we should use the six purposes and three means I proposed,20factors, and adopt different combinations of factors for regulation at different periods. Our country leads the economy and must have a high degree of control. We must adjust w88 slot-side investment based on the national economy and people's livelihood. We must have a high degree of control over investment in this area to ensure w88 slot is realized.
The purpose of a socialist country is first and foremost based on people's livelihood. State investment must be guaranteed. State investment must occupy an absolute position and must fully dominate financial enterprises. The state monopolizes finance and controls finance. Private banks can develop, but they only supplement state finance and regulated finance.
In the process of rapid economic development and the rapid development of productivity, finance rules consumption, scientific research and production, distribution, exchange and final consumption. Consumption is like the blood of the human body. Every pore of the human body flows with blood. Finance governs every cell in the entire consumption process. If our country loses control of its finances, it will not be able to guarantee the fundamental interests of the people of our country, and it will not be able to guarantee the people's consumption rights and consumer interest needs. If the state does not monopolize finance and control finance, it will not be able to properly regulate capital, micro-level performance such as credit, and supplement macro-financial market dynamics. If the state cannot monopolize finance, it is dereliction of duty to the people and a crime.
If the flow of capital does not flow in the direction of people's needs, but in the direction of wealth generation, it will be very harmful, so the state must have a high degree of control. In management, the state strengthens financial supervision. In the reform of the supply side, the state's main economy must be controlled, and the state strengthens the management of import and export w88 (import and export w88 is actually the foreign consumer market and domestic consumer market). We vigorously develop foreign markets to stimulate the development of the domestic supply side, increase foreign exchange, and also stimulate our domestic consumer market. Nowadays, among the products we export, low-consumption products account for a large proportion, and high-tech products account for a small proportion. Although a lot of reforms have been made, we still need to further improve our production technology level. When the products we produce have high technological content and the consumption structure upgrades quickly, it will further make our country prosperous and strong. Only in this way can we realize the original intention of our country and realize the fundamental interests of the people.
Our country’s market economy is about crossing the river by feeling for the stones, constantly making adjustments to maintain sustained economic development. Western countries do not have scientific state control, so periodic economic crises occur. The market law of socialism with Chinese characteristics is that the state leads the economy, centers on market consumption (life consumption), vigorously develops social consumption, strengthens the development of scientific research, production and consumption, constantly regulates the relationship between demand and w88 slot, and adheres to six purposes, three means and in methodology.20elements, using20The contradiction between w88 slot and demand of factors that arises in the development process of economic movement shall be continuously regulated, highlighted - balanced, balanced - highlighted, to maintain sustained, healthy and rapid economic development.
w88 slot-side reform is actually a regulation of w88 slot and demand, a regulation, and a balancing process. The w88 slot side cannot be made absolute. The consumption side is the driving force of the w88 slot side. The w88 slot side and the consumption side are a contradictory dialectical relationship of unity of opposites. w88 slot theory and consumption theory are contradictory to each other. They are balance theories of regulation. The w88 slot and demand relationship is unbalanced in order to achieve a relative balance. Regulation is a means to achieve relative balance. The relationship between w88 slot and demand is the process of economic development. It is a process in which w88 slot and demand are constantly adjusted and balanced. When w88 slot exceeds demand, we increase w88 slot-side production; when there is overproduction, we regulate the development of economic demand with one hand and the limited development of production with the other. The purpose of the production limit is to reform the improvement of production, increase the improvement of production technology and w88 slot, constantly regulate the upgrading of scientific research and production, and constantly meet new effective consumer demand, desire demand and potential demand. This law is suitable for any country (a country that truly represents the people).
Reporter: Our country is a socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics. How is this different from Western countries?
Dr. Wu: Commodities are exchanged, but as a national operator or an enterprise operator, in the market economy of Western countries, state regulation is not the main one, but automatic market regulation is the main one. Prominent and balanced market contradictions, without paying attention to timely regulation, can easily lead to cyclical economic crises. our country36It has been developing continuously over the past few years. Although there has been a crisis, due to active regulation, some companies have to be liberalized, but some companies (water, electric lights) have to be controlled, so there has been no major overall crisis. The initiative in our regulation lies with the state, and the purpose of our state is to ensure the fundamental interests of the people.
Reporter: What should the country pay attention to in the process of regulatory reform?
Dr. Wu: We must pay attention to business accounting management, effective investment management, enterprise business accounting management and effective investment management.
The country’s investment must be accounted for and must be an effective investment. An investment that can create benefits is an effective investment; an investment that does not create benefits is a failed investment and a wasteful investment. The problem is that some of our country's investments deviate from effective investments. Investing for public consumption is not an investment to make money but to satisfy the public consumption of the people. This is a payment. This is not an effective investment, but it is a social benefit, not an economic benefit. Benefits include social benefits and economic benefits.
Strengthen accounting. To improve the management level of modern enterprises, we must target production according to market consumer demand, continuously improve the level of meeting consumer demand, and strengthen investment in scientific research and consumption in production. The products produced must study consumer targets. There are many substitute products among consumers. Whether the product is competitive in the market and whether it can obtain consumer preference and satisfaction, as an enterprise operator must study this topic. For example, Red Sea commercial products are produced by you and everyone else. This product operates at a low profit and has low efficiency, but it ensures consumer demand and the social benefits are greater than the corporate benefits. Now it is time to improve product quality levels, obtain more consumer preference satisfaction, and improve the economic benefits of enterprises. Reform cannot be generalized to low-level reform only in terms of quantity, so we must also pay attention to this issue during w88 slot-side reform.
Our state-owned enterprises must closely focus on consumer demand, whether it is industrial products or consumer products. Demand includes consumer demand for daily life, social consumption demand and scientific research and production itself, to improve our technical level and product quality level to meet new consumer needs. This is something that must be paid special attention to in the w88 slot-side reform.
There is nothing wrong with proposing w88 slot-side reform, and reform is urgently needed. The key is how to reform? The key is to regulate w88 slot-side reforms based on consumer demand.
The w88 slot-side reform we pursue takes demand as the standard, production capacity is not the standard but is only a means, and the consumption side is the standard and the purpose. w88 slot-side reform is about increments and benefits, not production increments and benefits. Simply talking about scientific system regulation is not enough. Economic development is a general concept, not a scientific one, but must be carried out in accordance with six purposes, three means,20Elements, different methods and strategies are adopted for different conflicts, and different combinations of elements are adopted for different w88 slot and demand conflicts to solve different conflicts.
Reporter: What are the standards for w88 slot-side reform?
Dr. Wu: w88 slot-side reform is to use incremental reform to promote stock adjustment, and to achieve sustainable economic development and continuous improvement of people's living standards on the basis of sustainable and rapid economic growth by optimizing the investment structure and industrial structure. To optimize the investment structure and industrial structure, we must first handle the relationship between the leading industries, pillar industries and basic industries in the national economy. With knowledge operation as the leading industry, infrastructure construction as the pillar industry, and highway development as the basic industry, these are China's advantageous industries under the conditions of the global financial crisis - not one industry as the advantage industry, but the entire industrial structure as the advantage industry. It is not only a dominant industry, but also an industrial advantage;It can not only enable the Chinese economy to resolve excess talent and resist the global financial crisis, but also enable the Chinese economy to achieve sustainable development of innovation, coordination, greenness, openness and sharing.
The standard for w88 slot-side reform is to resolve w88 slot-side demands and conflicts, continuously regulate and maintain relative balance. w88 slot-side reforms often mention "stimulating" economic development. The word "stimulating" refers to consumption as a means, not as an end.
Is consumption a means or an end? It is generally believed that consumption is a means and fails to see clearly that consumption is the essence of purpose. The troika is a means, and the w88 slot side is both a means and an end. When viewed as an end, it is the source and controls the overall situation; when viewed as a means, production is a means and demand is the end. w88 slot and consumption are both means, but while people often remember that they are means, more people remember that consumption is the fundamental purpose. To be more precise, consumption is both a means and an end. People only pay attention to the means but ignore the purpose. They regard w88 slot-side demand as a means and ignore the purpose. This is where the problem arises. Life consumption and social consumption needs are the purpose, and the needs of scientific research, production and consumption processes are also the purpose, and they are also the means to achieve the final life consumption and social consumption.
Our w88 slot theory is not that of Western countries. We combine the materialism of Marx's theory with people-centered and consumption theory, transcend Western consumer economic theory, apply Marxism, and develop Marxist theory. Because Western theoretical research has long been characterized by short w88 slot and production as the main contradiction, it was correct at the time and the contradiction could be resolved. However, with the rapid development of productivity, the upgrading of consumption and w88 slot, and the continuous upgrading of production and w88 slot, the phenomenon of oversupply has emerged. The theory we study is Marxist materialism, not a mechanical theory, but dynamic Marxism. Marx’s theory is methodology, not dogma. We use Marx’s materialism and practice theory, material practice theory and surplus value as well as people-centeredness to combine Marxism with our methodology and find that consumption creates production.
Reporter: What difficulties do you think the current w88 slot-side reform has encountered?
Dr. Wu: There are many difficulties, and there are many things that can be said. If classified, it can be summarized into two major categories:
First, financial problems, real estate problems, and difficulties in the reform of state-owned enterprises are the three major existing problems in our country. These all involve w88 slot-side issues that need to be studied and resolved. Such as financial issues. Our finance governs consumption, scientific research and production, distribution, exchange and consumption. Finance governs the entire process of social consumption. If our country does not pay attention to finance, it will be derelict on the people. Western countries have free finance, and free finance will lead to periodic market financial and economic crises. Monetary finance is a very important means of regulation, but it is not the only one. Western countries regard it as the only means, so this is the essential difference from our country.
The second is the lack of resources on the w88 slot side: natural resources, human resources, material resources, financial resources, and ecological resources. This is also a very big problem, so efforts should be made to make full use of resources, cherish resources, and protect resources, speed up the process, and strengthen management. Effectively integrate various resources according to needs.
Reporter: What do you think is the theory of w88 slot-side structural reform?
Dr. Wu: The theory of consumption includes the explanation of the contradictory laws of dialectical opposition and unity on both sides of consumption and w88 slot. This is a theory that has been continuously formed after more than thirty years of observation and research.
Consumption theory and w88 slot theory are two aspects of the same problem. The consumption side is the foundation, driving force and traction of w88 slot-side structural reform.
According to the production relations theory of political economics, all kinds of production relations, social relations and political relations are ultimately interest relations. To establish an institutional system that adapts to the development of productive forces, it is necessary to give full play to the role of social subjects, establish an incentive-compatible dynamic mechanism, and form a people's consumption system, production system, distribution system and exchange system with harmonious and inclusive interests by coordinating various interest relationships. Therefore, the most direct way to test whether w88 slot-side structural reform is conducive to the development of productivity is to observe whether it is conducive to unleashing the initiative of various social subjects and whether it has formed an incentive-compatible dynamic mechanism.
Traditional economics divides consumption into daily consumption and production consumption. The theory of consumption believes that in addition to these two consumptions, there is also social consumption, which includes public consumption such as national administration, scientific research, education, medical care, sports, urban construction, public security, justice, and aerospace. The issue of consumption chain was raised. He believes that human consumption as a complete process is not isolated, but has its consumption chain, industrial chain and value chain.
It is proposed that under the leadership of the Communist Party, the international leading economy will focus on people's daily consumption and develop social consumption, with six purposes and three means20Elements, at different stages of the dynamic process of the consumption economy, use different combinations of elements according to different w88 slot and demand contradictions, and in the dynamic process of balance-prominence, prominence-balance, continue to macro-control and reform the development of scientific research, production and consumption on the "w88 slot side", and solve the contradiction between the "w88 slot side" and the "consumption side". This makes the consumer economy and society relatively able to develop at a high speed and continuously in the process of balance-prominence, prominence-balance.
The theory of consumption and leadership management provides theoretical basis and methodology for w88 slot-side reform and provides theoretical basis for national policies. Theory comes from practice and in turn guides practice. Consumer theory is the theoretical basis for formulating policies and a method for solving problems.
The theory of consumption and leadership management proposes a new concept of labor consumption value and seven major classifications of labor. The traditional understanding that the superstructure belongs to the exploiters is wrong. The superstructure government is also a worker, and the creation of labor consumption value is reflected in the broad social productivity.
Consumption theory provides theoretical basis and methodology for my country's consumer economy under the new normal, especially for "w88 slot-side" reform and sustained and rapid economic development, and is of great practical significance.
Human consumption affects the domestic and foreign consumer markets, and the "consumption side" affects the regulation, reform and development of the "w88 slot side". The "consumption side" is the driving force and traction force of the "w88 slot side" reform at all times. If "w88 slot-side" reform departs from effective demand, potential demand and desired demand, it will become a purposeless reform.
At present, China’s w88 slot and demand relationship is facing a structural imbalance that cannot be ignored. The "mismatch between w88 slot and demand" has become the biggest obstacle to China's sustained economic growth. Therefore, emphasizing w88 slot-side reform means starting from the production and w88 slot ends, adjusting the w88 slot structure, and finding a path to truly activate domestic demand and create a new driving force for economic development.
w88 slot-side structural reform is to start from improving the quality of w88 slot, regulate the outstanding imbalance between the "w88 slot side" and the "demand side", use reform methods to promote structural adjustment, correct the distortion of factor allocation, expand effective w88 slot, improve the adaptability and flexibility of the w88 slot structure to changes in demand, improve total factor productivity, better meet the needs of the people, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of the consumer economy and society.
Under the leadership of the Communist Party, the state dominates the economy, focusing on people's daily consumption and developing social consumption, with six purposes and three means20Elements, at different stages of the dynamic process of the operation of the consumer economy, use different combinations of elements according to different contradictions between w88 slot and demand. In the dynamic process of balance-prominence, prominence-balance, we continue to macro-control and reform the development of scientific research, production and consumption on the "w88 slot side", and resolve the contradictions between the "w88 slot side" and the "consumption side". This makes the consumer economy and society relatively able to develop at a high speed and continuously in the process of balance-prominence, prominence-balance.
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