Wang Zhimin: mentioned by the General SecretaryWhat does "sense of gain" mean?

Recently, General Secretary Xi Jinping attended the eventI delivered an important speech at the “Belt and Road” construction work symposium, emphasizing that the “Belt and Road” construction should benefit the people of all w88 mobile along the route and allow relevant w88 mobile to continue to have a real sense of gain.

How should we interpret itWhat is the connotation of "sense of gain"? What is the value of comparing the development paths of China and the United States around the “One Belt, One Road” initiative? How do domestic economic development strategies represented by the "Yangtze River Economic Belt" and "Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Integration" development strategies connect with the "Belt and Road" construction? How can the development of the Northeast, the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and the Southwest benefit from the “Belt and Road” construction?

In response to the above issues, Cover Think Tank conducted an exclusive interviewProfessor Wang Zhimin, Director of the Institute of Globalization and Chinese Modernization, w88 casino, justIssues related to the “One Belt, One Road” were discussed in depth. The following is the transcript of the interview:

Production capacity cooperation can effectively improve the development of w88 mobile along the route“Sense of gain”

Cover think tank: In his recent speech, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized again,The construction and advancement of the “One Belt, One Road” initiative must allow relevant w88 mobile to continue to have a real “sense of gain”. What aspects does the sense of gain mentioned here mainly refer to?

Wang Zhimin: The sense of gain mentioned by General Secretary Xi Jinping can mainly be understood from the following three aspects:

First of all, from a big perspective,The most direct entry point for "sense of gain" should be production capacity cooperation. At present, China's production capacity is at the mid-range level of the entire international production system. From the perspective of many developing w88 mobile along the Belt and Road, China's mid-range production capacity is very attractive and is urgently needed by them. For example, w88 mobile like Kazakhstan and Myanmar are basically agricultural w88 mobile, but they are also resource-rich w88 mobile. From this perspective, an important manifestation of the "sense of gain" is that through capacity cooperation with w88 mobile along the "One Belt and One Road", China is upgrading its own production capacity to high-end and at the same time transferring some of its excess mid-range production capacity to these w88 mobile. This transfer will help them establish a relatively complete industrial system. In addition, if some high-energy-consuming and high-pollution production capacity in my country is transferred to w88 mobile such as Kazakhstan that use natural gas as the main energy source, environmental pollution problems can be reduced or even avoided. At the same time, this transfer will also help them establish a relatively complete industrial system. This has also been appreciated by leaders of w88 mobile along the route, such as Prime Minister Masimov of Kazakhstan.

realIn fact, on the one hand, there is no need to transfer our country’s high-end production capacity. On the other hand, even if it is transferred to w88 mobile along the Belt and Road, it is difficult to accept it based on their current development level. At present, we are mainly helping w88 mobile along the middle-end production capacity to establish a complete industrial system. From a macro perspective, industrialization is an insurmountable stage in the development of any country. China is currently in the middle or higher stage of industrialization. From a national perspective, help them establish a relatively complete industrial system and improve their status in the global value chain system. At the same time, in the process, China's status in the global value chain system will also rise to a higher level. In this way, on the basis of benefiting both sides, the w88 mobile along the route will be able toThe "sense of gain" is improved. This is one aspect of "sense of gain".

Secondly, it is directly related to the sense of gain of ordinary people in w88 mobile along the route. The most direct manifestation of the interests of ordinary people is the solution to the employment problem. Fundamentally speaking, only manufacturing can solve a large number of jobs. However, some developing w88 mobile are currently facing serious employment problems. The root cause of the employment problem in developing w88 mobile is that traditional agriculture can provide fewer and fewer jobs. Therefore, the employment problem can only be solved through industrialization, especially the development of manufacturing. Employment is the foundation of people's livelihood. Only when the employment problem is solved can production and consumption be formed, so that the entire economic life can circulate and become active. Combined with what was mentioned earlier, throughThe production capacity cooperation of the “One Belt and One Road” will improve the industrialization level of the w88 mobile along the route, especially the manufacturing of aquatic products, and promote the improvement of employment in the relevant w88 mobile. In this dimension, it will effectively enhance the “sense of gain” of the ordinary people in the relevant w88 mobile.

The last aspect,To sum up, the "sense of gain" can be summarized as "early harvest". Taking Kazakhstan as an example, in 2014, the China-Kazakhstan “early harvest” agreement already involved 16 items, and by 2015, this number had risen to 52 items. In fact, current cooperation with w88 mobile along the “Belt and Road” has the problem of “early harvest”. This shows that the advancement of the “One Belt, One Road” initiative has achieved important results. China's production capacity and level, to some extent, meet the market needs of w88 mobile along the route. This is also an important aspect of "sense of gain".

Cover think tank: At present, our country has formed the following"One Belt and One Road", "Yangtze River Economic Belt" and "Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Integration" are three major national strategies. How does "One Belt and One Road" connect with the other two major strategies?

Wang Zhimin:The "One Belt, One Road" is an opening-up strategy, while the "Yangtze River Economic Belt" and "Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Integration" are mainly national strategies formed for domestic economic development. But the three have an important interactive relationship. In fact, the three major strategies are generally open to the outside world, but from a domestic perspective, these three major strategies should also be a strategy to promote the balanced development of various regions.

First,The essence of "One Belt, One Road" is to enhance China's economic development level and strengthen its external radiation. At the same time, through the opening up of "One Belt, One Road", it will force domestic reforms.

Secondly, look at the Yangtze River Economic Belt. There is a huge economic gap between the lower reaches and the upper reaches of the Yangtze River,The "Yangtze River Economic Belt" advances from the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration upstream to the urban agglomeration centered on Kunming, Yunnan. It is actually a process of gradually widening economic gaps. Extending westward through the Yangtze River Economic Belt, it can connect with the "Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar" economic corridor and then go out to sea from the Indian Ocean. This will promote the opening up of the southwest region to the outside world. In this process, we will find that although there is a huge gap between China's southwest and southeast coasts, there has been a significant change in recent years: the investment from the east to Yunnan has grown by more than 20%-30% annually. Therefore, the connection between the "Yangtze River Economic Belt" and the "Belt and Road Initiative" is still a transition from unbalanced development to balanced development.

Also, watch againThe connection between the “Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Integration” strategy and the “One Belt, One Road” initiative. Here, an economic corridor is also involved - the "China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor". In this regard, the traditional idea is to connect the Russian Far East through Beijing and northward through Ulaanbaatar. Tianjin Mayor Huang Xingguo once said that Tianjin can become the main base of the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor. But now we have another idea: We can consider connecting with Russia’s Far East development through China’s Northeast.

Economic development at any level is inseparable from opening up to the outside world. It is a process of opening up to the outside world. via Northeastern andThe docking of the "China, Mongolia and Russia" economic corridor can also fully integrate the resources of Japan and South Korea. This may be an important benefit for the Northeast region, which has faced severe economic conditions in recent years. The "Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration" strategy will form an economic highland with a small area but a high level. Through this point, we can drive the development of surrounding areas and give full play to the radiation effect. At the same time, through the connection of the "One Belt and One Road", we will further promote the balanced development of the country.

In general,The “One Belt, One Road”, “Yangtze River Economic Belt” and “Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Integration” are not contradictory, but are well connected and complementary to each other. Through the connection of the three major strategies, it will be extended to a wider area. This will benefit the economies of the northwest, southwest, northeast and other regions.

Actually,The “Belt and Road” also started from a small-scale connection and gradually expanded until it expanded to a larger-scale connection, extending from the Silk Road Economic Belt to the sea to form the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Economic Belt. There is a saying that some domestic provinces and cities have not been included in the "One Belt, One Road" planning outline. However, I believe that "One Belt, One Road", as a national top-level design and national strategy, must not exclude the participation of any region. Any region can participate in the construction of the "One Belt, One Road" from all angles to benefit the region.

The "Marshall Plan" is to tear the world apart, and the "One Belt and One Road" is to promote cooperation among w88 mobile

Cover Think Tank: What are the different development paths of China and the United States from a historical perspective?

Wang Zhimin: During the exchange process with an American scholar, the other party proposed to convert our countryCompare the “Belt and Road” construction with the United States’ “Westward Movement” (Manifest Destiny Movement). Indeed, my country’s “One Belt, One Road” initiative, viewed from a domestic perspective, mainly continues the strategic thinking of developing the western region. Because our "Belt and Road Initiative" was first proposed to open to the west. So in terms of strategic direction, there seem to be similarities, but they are completely different.

Historically, my country’s entire reform and opening up process has followed a path of uneven development. At that time, Comrade Deng Xiaoping proposed"Two overall situations", the so-called "two overall situations", one is that the eastern coastal areas should accelerate their opening to the outside world and develop first, and the central and western regions must take this overall situation into consideration; the other is that when development reaches a certain period, such as when the country reaches a moderately prosperous level at the end of the 20th century, more forces must be used to help the central and western regions accelerate development, and the eastern coastal areas must also obey this overall situation. Therefore, while the east developed, the west did not develop simultaneously. At that historical period, the country's resources were concentrated in the eastern region. This has also led to a large economic gap between the east and the west. I personally feel that in terms of uneven development, the development of the United States and China are comparable. Because China and the United States are both big w88 mobile, it is impossible for all regions to develop simultaneously. Because the resources of a large country are limited, national strategies cannot take care of the development of all regions at the same time.

China’s Western Development and the United States’ Westward Expansion may look similar in terms of geographical paths, but their essences are completely different. China's western development is an inclusive development and growth, from the original uneven development to balanced development. It is a strategy that benefits the entire Chinese people. Through this strategy, it bridges the gap between the east and the west and realizes Comrade Deng Xiaoping'sThe second big picture of "two big situations". As for the westward expansion movement of the United States, what we see is the historical process of white people migrating westward at the expense of the slaughter of Indians. This is completely different from and incomparable with China's western development.

In addition, from a geostrategic perspective, the United States has proposedThe "Monroe Doctrine" mainly states that "America is the America of Americans". In essence, it means that the Americas are the Americas of Americans. This is obviously a kind of regional hegemony. The United States relies on the entire American region for its development, but at the same time it pursues hegemony in this region. Our "Belt and Road" initiative is based on mutual benefit and win-win results. We have always adhered to the principles of consultation, contribution and sharing. In addition, our "One Belt, One Road" is not a geopolitical strategy, but a mutually beneficial and win-win economic strategy. Of course, the “Belt and Road” is not a simple FTA (free w88 agreement), but a comprehensive economic corridor. It can be said that the "One Belt, One Road" initiative is to build the world's longest land economic corridor and maritime economic corridor with great development potential. This is completely different from the goals and consequences of the Monroe Doctrine.

Cover think tank: Some Western scholars put China’sComparing the “One Belt, One Road” initiative with the “Marshall Plan” implemented by the United States in Europe, what do you think?

Wang Zhimin:The difference between the "Marshall Plan" and the "One Belt, One Road" initiative is first of all the difference in era background. The world today is in an era of peaceful development. At present, China maintains normal diplomatic relations, political relations and economic exchanges with almost all w88 mobile. The "Marshall Plan" was created in the post-war context. It actually tore the world apart and promoted the formation of world bipolarism. The Marshall Plan mainly assisted Western w88 mobile represented by Britain, France, Germany, and Italy. The US$13 billion was mainly given to these w88 mobile. Although this plan played an important role in the revival of Europe, the result of its promotion was that the world became two camps politically and two economic systems (socialist economic system and capitalist economic system). These two economic systems are almost inseparable from each other.

Because the times are different, the contents of the two are completely different.The "Belt and Road" initiative mainly targets w88 mobile along the "Belt and Road", and its scope has been expanding. Some say it involves more than 60 w88 mobile, some say it involves more than 70 w88 mobile, and some even say it involves more than 100 w88 mobile. As our Foreign Minister Wang Yi said, the Belt and Road Initiative is not entirely a geographical concept. Therefore, Mexico, which is not included in the geographical concept of "One Belt, One Road" at all, also wants to participate in the "Belt and Road", which also proves this point from one aspect.

Politics aside, if we look at the two purely from the results of economic cooperation,The "Marshall Plan" is tearing the world apart, while China's "One Belt, One Road" is promoting cooperation among w88 mobile around the world.

Actually,The “Belt and Road Initiative” also sets a model for cooperation between w88 mobile. It is a complement to some existing economic cooperation models. Everyone says that the Belt and Road Initiative connects the most dynamic East Asian economic circle and the most mature Western European economic circle. However, in the middle of these two economic circles, there is a huge economic collapse zone. We are currently using this connection and mutually beneficial economic cooperation to develop China, while also driving the w88 mobile in the middle to develop simultaneously. Therefore, General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed during his visit to Mongolia that all w88 mobile are welcome to ride on China's development. In recent years, when UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon visited China, General Secretary Xi Jinping also told him that he hoped that all w88 mobile in the world would share China's development opportunities. China's "One Belt, One Road" is a completely mutually beneficial and win-win economic cooperation model that makes up for some forgotten corners in the world's development process. This is an issue that we must pay special attention to when comparing the strategies of certain w88 mobile between China and the United States today.

China does not seek to break existing rules

Cover Think Tank: ChinaWhat kind of interactive relationship will the “Belt and Road” initiative have with the TPP and TTIP advocated by the United States in the future?

Wang Zhimin: For a period of time, there has been a view in academic circles: that the United States is the leaderTPP negotiations isolate China. Indeed, US President Obama also mentioned in his speech to the US Congress that the TPP is to establish a model w88 standard. The purpose of establishing the TPP is that the United States should write the w88 rules instead of letting China write the w88 rules. Therefore, the United States has not invited China to participate in the TPP negotiations, and China has not actively requested to join the TPP negotiations. But will TPP definitely isolate China in the future? I don't think so. Because the 12 countries currently covered by the TPP do not account for a large share of world w88. Except for the United States and Japan, other economies are relatively small.

Currently, ASEAN is taking the lead and China plays a huge role in itRCEP (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership) is advancing. RCEP is a trading system of 10 ASEAN w88 mobile plus China, Japan, South Korea, India, Australia, and New Zealand, involving a total of 16 w88 mobile. RCEP is very likely to be successfully negotiated this year. Whether viewed from the perspective of economic scale or population, RCEP will play a more important role compared with TPP.

The three major trading systems currently being implemented in the world, one isTPP, one is TTIP, and the other is RCEP. We should see that in fact, all w88 rules should essentially benefit all participants. The current TTIP negotiations, led by the United States and mainly oriented to Europe, are facing great uncertainty due to Britain's departure from the European Union and differences within the EU over the United States' starting point. After the TPP negotiations were successful in October last year, Chinese officials expressed a relatively moderate attitude and did not criticize the TPP. They even welcomed it.

Currently, ChinaWhether it is “One Belt, One Road”, participating RCEP, or the entire international economic strategic layout, a basic starting point is: we do not seek to break the existing political and economic rules, but to make up for the existing rules. So RCEP is actually a compensation. Because the TPP does not include very important big w88 mobile such as China, India, and Russia. However, these w88 mobile also need regional cooperation and seek benefits for all parties, so RCEP is a useful supplement to TPP.

Another example is the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, which is also a supplement to existing international financing institutions. Currently, there is a lack of a bank for infrastructure investment among global financial institutions. Therefore, based on China's infrastructure construction capabilities and experience, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank came into being. This is actually a kind of compensation, and of course it also provides China with a very good opportunity.

Cover Think Tank: Is it possible for China to participate in the futureIn TPP?

Wang Zhimin: I think it is completely possible. Most economic rules in the world should not be antagonistic, but mutually inclusive.RCEP is also likely to welcome the participation of the United States. Some American scholars believe that the United States should also participate in the “One Belt, One Road” initiative and try to play a role in it. When China established the AIIB, it also hoped that the United States and Japan could participate, but unfortunately, they did not participate.

China should actively engage in economic cooperation with economically developed w88 mobile. Including aThe "Belt and Road" initiative currently has a good idea, which believes that China should cooperate with developed w88 mobile to jointly develop third-party markets. China has signed agreements with developed w88 mobile such as France and Belgium to jointly develop third-party markets. From the perspective of manufacturing, there are high-end manufacturing represented by developed w88 mobile, mid-range manufacturing dominated by China, and other developing w88 mobile are in low-end manufacturing. If the three parties can cooperate, it will benefit all three parties: developed w88 mobile can gain access to the market and even further improve their manufacturing level; China can use this to upgrade to the high-end; other developing w88 mobile can upgrade to the mid-range, forming various complementary advantages and jointly moving up the value chain.

Taken together, regional cooperation organizations should not hinder globalization, but promote it. Globalization cannot be realized suddenly. It must be promoted through different regional cooperation organizations and gradually formed with the expansion of different organizations.

Cover Think Tank: What books are you reading recently? Can you recommend it to fans of Cover Think Tank?

Wang Zhimin: If you are targeting ordinary readers and want to have a better understandingFor the knowledge and background related to “One Belt, One Road”, I suggest you read “The Belt and Road Initiative in Numbers”. If you have a systematic understanding, you should read Wang Yiwei's "Opportunities and Challenges of the Belt and Road Initiative" and "The World is Connected". They all introduce the relevant content of the "Belt and Road Initiative" in a relatively systematic manner. For those who are more in-depth in research, the books I am currently reading, such as "Foreign Think Tanks Look at the Belt and Road", "Legal Risk Prevention Guidelines for w88 mobile Along the Belt and Road", and "Research and Case Analysis on Two-way Investment along the Belt and Road" are all worth reading.

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