Towards the largest study abroad destination in Asia——Overview of studying in China after New China
Zhao Zhongxiu
(Source: "Scholars of China"2015YearIssue 7）
Studying in China under the guidance of diplomacy
Studying in China in New China has inherent diplomatic attributes.
19509551_961530More than 10 w88 online casino betting students. The first batch of students adopt the method of reciprocal exchange between countries, and China provides them with full scholarships.
With the development and changes of the w88 online casino betting situation, the scope of enrollment has been further expanded to countries in Asia and Africa that have established diplomatic relations with China.1963Year8The first National Conference on Foreign Students held in March clarified that the work of accepting foreign students should serve the overall situation of China's political and diplomatic work, serve cultural exchanges between countries, and enhance understanding and friendship between China and other countries around the world.
from1950New Year's Eve1965In the year, China received a total of from68countries7239w88 online casino betting students in China, distributed across the country17of cities94schools. Among them, w88 online casino betting students from socialist countries include6571people, accounting for approximately all w88 online casino betting students in China90.8%;There are w88 online casino betting students from other Asian, African and Latin American countries533People, approximately7.3%; There are w88 online casino betting students from Western Europe, North America and Japan135People, approximately1.9%。
1966After years, accept“Cultural Revolution”Affected, Chinese universities have suspended classes, and the work of studying in China has inevitably been affected.1966Year9month19On the 11646th day of the month, the Ministry of Education of China notified the embassies and consulates of relevant countries in China that w88 online casino betting students in China will return to China to take a leave of absence111701_11744711769_11801197311829_118601973Year to Year1977During the years, China received a total of only2063People.
1950Year to Year1978Year28During the year, China has received and trained a total of 125 people12800w88 online casino betting students in China, almost all of whom are provided scholarships by the Chinese government. Although the scale, nationality and number of w88 online casino betting students accepted by our country at that time were very limited, most of the graduates would later grow into the backbone of friendly exchanges and cooperation between their home countries and China.
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, China entered the historical development stage of reform and opening up, and studying in China became an important part of opening up to the outside world.
1979Nianhe198413529_13613
from1978Year to last century80At the end of the 1990s, the number of Chinese government scholarship students continued to grow, the countries of origin gradually expanded, and the number of self-financed w88 online casino betting students grew rapidly from scratch.
197814540_14565197914593_14642198014670_14722198914750_14825
198415303_153226144people, among which the number of self-financed w88 online casino betting students in China increased to3551People, more than Chinese government scholarship students, but most of them are short-term w88 online casino betting students.
199315900_15982
Enter21After the century, studying in China has become an important part of public diplomacy and people-to-people exchanges in the new era.
Party and state leaders have solemnly promised on many important foreign affairs occasions to increase the number of Chinese government scholarships for studying in China.2008Year9In August, Premier Wen Jiabao announced at the United Nations High-Level Meeting on the Millennium Development Goals that in the future5Added to developing countries in 16870_16881|110,000 scholarships;201116944_169752013Supplied to the United States in total110,000 Sino-US Humanities Exchange Special Scholarships;2012Year7In March, President Hu Jintao promised at the fifth ministerial conference of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation that in the future3Provided to Africa18000Chinese Government Scholarship quota;2014Year6President Xi Jinping announced the future during his visit to Trinidad and Tobago3Will be sent to the Caribbean during the year9provided by the country1000Chinese government scholarships of various types.
2011Year11month2217941_18067
Some developed countries are also rushing to introduce measures to encourage students to come to China. For example, President Obama2009Announced during the visit to China4Dispatched to China10Plan for 10,000 w88 online casino betting students; Canadian Prime Minister Harper201218582_185905The number of two-way w88 online casino betting students from China and Canada during the year10A goal of 10,000 people; British Council (British Council）2014Year5Month Announcement, Plan3Increase the number of British students it sponsors to study in China within this year by at least3times, per year from current3500People increased2016At least year15000people, helping more British students to study in China, take elective courses or do internships, etc.
Studying in China has entered a period of rapid development. According to statistics,2004The number of w88 online casino betting students coming to China has increased42.63%increase, create10The year-on-year growth rate reached a new high. It was also the year with the largest scale and the highest growth rate of w88 online casino betting students coming to China since the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Judging from the situation in recent years,201119517_1953229Ten thousand people,2012years over32Ten thousand people,2013The total annual scale is approximately36Ten thousand. The majors studied by w88 online casino betting students in China cover almost all disciplines, and many statistical indicators such as the overall scale of students studying in China, countries of origin, host units, professional structure, and training levels have all reached record highs.
Currently, self-financed w88 online casino betting students in China account for the total number of w88 online casino betting students in China90%Around the time, China has gradually formed a pattern in which self-financed w88 online casino betting students are the main body and scholarship students are the leading ones. There are two main reasons for the formation of this pattern: on the one hand, with the improvement of the w88 online casino betting political and economic situation, China's policy of studying in China to achieve specific political and diplomatic goals has changed, and the scholarship policy has been gradually adjusted. Scholarship resources have also developed from a single central government scholarship to provincial and municipal government scholarships, university scholarships, and large enterprise scholarships to complement each other. On the other hand, with the development of the market economy and the advancement of education, China has gradually granted universities and scientific research institutes the right to run their own schools. The dominant role of universities in studying abroad has been established, and a study-abroad management system for studying in China has been established in which the central government, provinces and cities, and universities work closely together, collaborate with each other, and have a reasonable division of labor.
Competition between strategy and resources
Former US Secretary of State Powell once said:“There is no more valuable asset to our country than the friendship of world leaders who were educated in the United States.”Currently, major developed and emerging countries have positioned w88 online casino betting students as strategic resources to varying degrees and have incorporated the training of w88 online casino betting students into national development strategies. The rapid development of studying abroad in China stems from the recognition and positioning of w88 online casino betting student resources.
First of all, w88 online casino betting students are important political resources. Due to the characteristics of study and the length of stay in the destination country, cultivating w88 online casino betting students is the most in-depth form of public diplomacy. The internationalization of higher education For higher education-sending countries, w88 online casino betting students not only learn educational concepts and professional knowledge, but also learn the country’s politics, culture and values. Receiving and training a large number of w88 online casino betting students will undoubtedly become potential human resources for the destination country and serve as a bridge between the two countries.
199622363_22390·Achieved through the mediation and promotion of Kaldao. Carl Dao197822463_22538·Michel said in his work that the legendary experience of Kaldau and his Chinese wife is the context for the development of relations between China and Nepal. Prime Minister of Kazakhstan Karim·Masimov Yu1988He studied Chinese at Beijing Language and Culture University (then Beijing Language Institute), and later studied law at Wuhan University and obtained a bachelor's degree in law.200022748_22816
60Over the years, many outstanding alumni have emerged among graduates studying in China, such as President Mulatu of Ethiopia, Princess Sirindhorn of Thailand, Princess Raya of Jordan, etc. According to incomplete statistics, among the w88 online casino betting students who graduated from China and returned to China, there are40More than 100 people have served as deputy ministers or above in their own countries, nearly20People have served as ambassadors to China, some60The rest served as counselors at the embassy in China, some became famous scholars, professors and big entrepreneurs, and many more became valuable talents for the construction of their country. Group after group of graduates studying in China are an effective force that cannot be ignored in China's efforts to create a friendly w88 online casino betting environment and develop soft power. To realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation“Chinese Dream”Inseparable from a peaceful and stable w88 online casino betting environment, we need the understanding and support of more countries and people in the world, and we need more people in the world who understand China and are friendly to China to promote the development of friendly relations between their countries and China.
Secondly, w88 online casino betting students are valuable strategic talent resources. People go to higher places, and water flows to lower places. The pattern and trend of the flow of w88 online casino betting students often reflect the gap in the core competitiveness of education in various countries, and whether“Get the world’s talents, train them, and use them”, it is a concentrated expression of the country’s comprehensive strength and global influence. Taking the United States as an example, among the scientific and technological achievements achieved by the United States after World War II, only20%Acquired by native Americans. Eastern United States10Among the teachers above the lecturer level in colleges and universities in every state, there are Chinese who have settled in the United States through studying abroad8000People, more than a quarter of whom are professors, and more and more of them have becomeChair Professor. According to statistics from the National Natural Science Foundation of the United States, from1988New Year's Eve1996year, totaled by China16550People who have earned a doctorate in engineering or science in the United States, of which50%The above PhD graduates stay and work in the United States. The United States has made use of its educational advantages to widely attract outstanding and top-notch talents from around the world and use them for its own purposes, consolidating and enhancing its status as a major educational country and its w88 online casino betting competitiveness.
Third, w88 online casino betting students are rich economic resources. The expansion of the number of w88 online casino betting students can bring huge economic benefits to the destination country. Compared with cultivating personal network resources, the economic resources brought by w88 online casino betting students are more direct and obvious. According to relevant statistics,2013w88 online casino betting students studying at U.S. colleges and universities contributed to the U.S. economy240More than 100 million dollars in revenue.201225188_2522384Billion Canadian dollars. In the same year, w88 online casino betting students in Australia created for it150More than 100 million Australian dollars in w88 income.201225339_2536410%Above, the proportion of some schools is as high as nearly36%. British Council report shows that it is expected to202025478_2549587Ten thousand, education income is expected to reach200Billion pounds. Some developing countries have also benefited greatly from w88 online casino betting student education. For example, in recent years, the number of w88 online casino betting students in Malaysia, especially Muslim students from the Middle East, has grown rapidly, and the annual tuition fees alone contribute to the Malaysian economy10USD. Reports show that the income from international education in the United States and the United Kingdom has played an important role in balancing their countries' foreign economic and w88 deficits.
As the world’s second largest economy, China needs and has the ability to participate in the competition for this strategic resource.
Building a brand for studying abroad in China
Ministry of Education of China201026938_26998
According to statistics, currently, w88 online casino betting students from Asia and Africa account for the total number of w88 online casino betting students in China71%, students who come to China to study for degrees only account for the total number of college students0.4%. Compared with China's economic openness and internationalization, w88 online casino betting students in China need to take a big step forward in terms of scale, quality, and especially structure. We need to carry out scientific strategic planning, continuously optimize the study abroad environment, and ensure the quality of education.
at2014At the National Study Abroad Work Conference held at the end of the year, the status of studying abroad in my country was further enhanced. President Xi Jinping pointed out that it is necessary to coordinate the planning of studying abroad and studying in China. The meeting once again emphasized studying in China as a strategic measure to serve the overall diplomatic situation and enhance the country's soft power and educational competitiveness.
Studying in China has a long history. China’s documented history of accepting foreign students on a large scale began in the Sui Dynasty. As China entered the Tang Dynasty, the heyday of the development of feudal society, China became the center that people around the world yearned for, and studying in China also entered a golden age. In order to learn from the advanced culture of the Tang Dynasty and promote national development, Japan frequently sent troops to China“Send envoy to Tang Dynasty”And foreign students, the Korean Peninsula sent foreign students to China on a large scale, and Ryukyu, Vietnam and Russia also came to North Korea. Some scholars attribute this to the rich and prosperous socio-economic culture of the Tang Dynasty and its open-mindedness and tolerance. Studying in China in New China has inherited the history and made new breakthroughs. The "Study in China Plan" proposed that to2020The number of people coming to study in China has reached50million, becoming Asia’s largest study abroad destination.
(The author is Vice President of w88 casino)
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