w88 casino games policy promotes China’s market economic reform
Huang Yong
(Source: CCTV2015Year8month3日）
The "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Several Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Deepening Reform" points out that properly handling the relationship between the government and the market and allowing the market to play a decisive role in resource allocation is a key link for China to further deepen market economic reforms and achieve economic transformation. The key to a mature market mechanism is to ensure effective w88 casino games, and w88 casino games policy is the economic policy and law implemented by market economy countries to protect and promote market w88 casino games, of which the Anti-Monopoly Law is one of its most important tools. In mature Western market economy countries, w88 casino games policy, as the leading economic policy, ensures that the w88 casino games mechanism plays a role in the market by protecting and promoting market w88 casino games, thereby improving production efficiency and optimizing resource allocation.20088813_8896
w88 casino games policy should have priority
Under the new situation of market economic reform, the role of w88 casino games policy should be further brought into play in top-level design, and its relationship with industrial policy should be properly handled. As national policy tools for regulating the economy, industrial policy and w88 casino games policy have obvious differences: industrial policy is often short-term or time-limited, led by the government and mostly uses administrative means; while w88 casino games policy is a long-term mechanism and a market-oriented mechanism that operates in accordance with the laws of the market. For a long time, our country has always regarded industrial policy as the leading economic policy, while w88 casino games policy has rarely been mentioned. However, the good news is that this year3月发布的《中共中央国务院关于深化体制机制改革加快实施创新驱动发展战略的若干意见》中，竞争政策已经被提升到了和产业政策同等重要的地位。然而，对于处于深化市场经济改革的我国而言，还应当继续逐步弱化通过产业政策直接干预经济的做法，明确竞争政策在我国经济政策中的优先性地位。尽管在短时期内，竞争政策不可能完全取代产业政策，但也一定要逐步在产业政策的制定、实施和评估环节要加入竞争政策的理念和保障。
w88 casino games advocacy can help promote deregulation
Based on factors such as the characteristics of natural monopoly and the protection of national security, all countries have regulated market access and price setting in some industries. The areas clearly covered by this control system constitute the boundaries of the jurisdiction of the Anti-Monopoly Law, that is, the monopoly or oligopoly status enjoyed in accordance with special laws (or policies), and the resulting restrictions on market access, the setting of prices for goods or services, and other behaviors will not be challenged by the Anti-Monopoly Law.
However, the scope of regulated industries is not static. With the advancement of technology and the continuous expansion of demand, more and more regulated industries will gradually lose the attributes of natural monopoly, and the business will therefore become competitive. The reform of regulated industries has received great attention from the government in recent years. This year5In March, the National Development and Reform Commission's "About2015Opinions on Key Works for Deepening the Reform of the Economic System" once again called for promoting the reform of regulated industries such as car rental, electricity, oil and gas, and salt industries.
w88 casino games advocacy refers to all actions performed by w88 casino games authorities to improve the competitive environment, except law enforcement. Among them, promoting the design and implementation of legislation and regulations in a manner conducive to w88 casino games is one of the important parts of its work for law and policy formulation agencies and regulatory agencies. With the help of w88 casino games policy, we should clarify the reasonable scope of regulation, distinguish between competitive and non-competitive businesses, and on this basis advocate market w88 casino games and relax market access for traditional regulated industries. This will effectively promote the break of monopoly patterns, promote the optimization and upgrading of industries, and improve the overall welfare of the whole society and consumers.
w88 casino games law enforcement helps to break administrative monopoly
Administrative monopoly is the behavior of administrative agencies that exceed their legal authority in exercising administrative power. It is highlighted by the regional blockade implemented by local governments, which further distorts and eliminates w88 casino games on the basis of economic monopoly. As a result, the best cannot win, the worst cannot be eliminated, and social resources cannot be reasonably optimally allocated. In the past, our government and government departments were accustomed to breaking administrative monopolies through "red-headed documents", notices, meeting minutes, etc., such as jointly issued documents by multiple ministries and commissions, but the actual effect was not obvious.
The "Anti-Monopoly Law" prohibits the abuse of administrative power to eliminate or restrict w88 casino games. It empowers anti-monopoly law enforcement agencies to investigate, identify violations, publicly expose them, and even recommend that higher-level supervisory agencies punish relevant government officials. It can be used as a legal weapon for the central government to break vicious w88 casino games and reduce economic short-sighted behavior of local governments. It has also begun to show results in practice. National Development and Reform Commission from last year9Month to this year6In March, the Hebei Provincial Department of Transportation, the Price Bureau, and the Department of Finance respectively investigated and punished the local protection behaviors implemented by the Hebei Province Passenger Transport Enterprises, the Shandong Provincial Department of Transportation designated transactions and limited prices in the construction and operation of a public monitoring platform for road transport vehicle dynamic information, and the Yunnan Provincial Communications Administration Bureau organized telecom operators to reach a price monopoly agreement. Relevant agencies have rectified the illegal activities. In addition, the Guangdong Provincial Department of Education was also sued for administrative monopoly over designated transactions, and lost the case in the first-instance judgment of the Guangzhou Intermediate People's Court.
With the new revision of the Administrative Litigation Law last year, the Anti-Monopoly Law will have more powerful regulations on administrative monopoly. For the first time, abstract administrative acts have been included in the scope of legality review by the court. The case registration system will help reduce the difficulty of filing administrative monopoly litigation cases. The system for heads of administrative agencies to appear in court to respond to lawsuits will also help curb the emergence of administrative monopolies.
The rule of law guarantees the effective implementation of w88 casino games policy
The regulation of the relationship between the government and the market by w88 casino games policy will gradually transform the government's functions from focusing on ex-ante approval to establishing and improving an active and effective interim and ex-post supervision mechanism in accordance with the law. Only the rule of law can truly grasp the "degree" of the relationship between the government and the market during the transformation process. Deepening reform and promoting the rule of law are inseparable "twins". The Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, "The Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Several Major Issues on Comprehensively Promoting the Rule of Law" stated that "the socialist market economy is essentially a rule of law economy", which activated the Constitution and reflected the modern rule of law thinking of restricting public power and protecting private rights. Implementing the rule of law from the five aspects of legislation, law enforcement, judiciary, law-abiding and legal supervision will help ensure the in-depth progress of market-oriented reforms and the effective implementation of w88 casino games policies.
(The author is a professor at the Law w88 casino of the w88 casino, director of the Competition Law Center, and an expert in the Expert Advisory Group of the Anti-Monopoly Commission of the State Council)
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