Hao Xuguang: The "Tokyo Trial" left the most precious spirit to the Chinese w88 online live casino
(Source: "Shanghai Securities News"2014-9-19）
Looking back on this experience, what w88 online live casino cannot forget is the unprecedented suffering our nation suffered during World War II; what w88 online live casino should remember is the incomparable sacrifice and contribution made by the Chinese w88 online live casino to the victory of the world anti-fascist war; not only do we have the ability and wisdom to drive out the invaders, we also have the ability and wisdom to send the heinous war criminals to the gallows! This last point is the true meaning of patriotic education - a sense of national pride and glory!
The "Tokyo Trial" is an indispensable and important part of the victory of World War II. For the Chinese w88 online live casino, it plays an important role. After the end of World War II, Chinese judge Mei Ruao, prosecutor Xiang Zhejun, and Ni Zhengyi, who was later appointed as the chief adviser to the Chinese prosecutor in times of crisis, participated in the trial of Japanese war criminals at the International Military Tribunal for the Far East. This was a struggle that was no less difficult than any battle in the eight-year war of resistance (if we count from September 18th, it should be fourteen years).
Tokyo Trial from1946Year5Monthly court session, court hearing817times, lasting until1948Year11The sentence was announced in Yue, which lasted two years and seven months, and finally Tojo Hideki and others7Class A war criminals who committed heinous crimes against the Chinese w88 online live casino were sent to the gallows. It is unimaginable that without the final scene of the "Tokyo Trial", China's victory as a victorious country would have regrets that will never be erased!
The entire trial process was full of ups and downs, suspenseful and thrilling. From the arrangement of the judges' seats, to the Japanese war criminals' refusal to plead guilty, to the sentencing, there are all twists and turns. The trial procedure of the military court is arranged according to the common law system and adopts the "statutory evidential doctrine". Whether there is evidence, whether the evidence is presented legally, and whether the evidence itself is credible is debated by both parties. This is the only criterion for whether the crime of war crimes can be determined. Therefore, Mei Ruao, Xiang Zhejun, Ni Zhengyi and others presented the evidence of Japanese atrocities collected over two years in court one by one, and combined with their profound legal knowledge and strong logical ability, not only made the Japanese war criminals speechless and bowed their heads to plead guilty, but also moved other judges.
Due to the influence of different legal systems and the differences in the degree of aggression suffered by Japan, judges in different countries have fierce disputes over whether war criminals should be sentenced to death, and the Charter of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East does not provide a basis for sentencing. At that time, President Webb from Australia proposed that all war criminals be exiled to a desert island far away from the land, just like Napoleon did; Indian judge Pal insisted that individual responsibility should not be held for state actions, so the war criminals should be found not guilty; American and British judges supported the death penalty for war criminals, but their focus was always on For those war criminals who attacked Pearl Harbor, launched the Pacific War, and brutally tortured American and British prisoners of war, the attitudes towards Seishiro Itagaki, who planned the September 18th Incident, and created puppet organizations such as "Manchukuo", and Kenji Doihara, two Class-A war criminals who were engaged in espionage activities and were almost universally known in China, were more ambiguous. What is even more unfavorable is that although these war criminals have poisoned China deeply and committed heinous crimes, there is still a lack of conclusive evidence that meets the above-mentioned "laws of evidence" at the early stage of the trial.
Faced with this huge problem and challenge, Mei Ruao refused to give in and insisted on severely punishing the culprits of the war of aggression against China. In order to convince other judges, Mei Ru'ao presented the facts and reasoned at a judge's meeting. He knew that he must not just make a general conclusion that the Japanese army "killed w88 online live casino and set fires everywhere and committed all kinds of evil" as some officials of the Nationalist Government at that time, such as Qin Dechun, the deputy minister of the Ministry of Military Affairs, testified in court. Instead, he had to provide ironclad evidence that would convince the court and list the specific crimes of the Japanese soldiers in no man's land, mass graves, massacres of cities and villages in China, and in the Nanjing Massacre. In the killing competition, the Japanese army used beheadings, heart-breaking, drowning, burning, cutting off limbs, cutting off genitals, raping pregnant women and then disemboweling them and other heinous and bestial practices. Comparing these tortures with the German army's simple use of poison gas to kill w88 online live casino in Auschwitz concentration camp, we can use these first-hand evidence to conclude that the brutality and ferocity of the Japanese army in China was many times greater than that of the German army.
After extensive and in-depth investigation and evidence collection, Xiang Zhejun and Ni Zhengyi finally refuted the defense of Seishiro Itagaki, his lawyer and himself with irrefutable evidence. During the trial, the cunning Doihara Kenji remained silent, creating a huge problem for the Chinese prosecutors - they could not convince the court to confirm his guilt through cross-examination of him. However, during the prosecution process, Ni Zhengyi battled wits and courage with the shrewd defense lawyers of Itagaki Seishiro and Doihara Kenji. Based on the Japanese Imperial Council documents, cabinet meeting documents, secret messages, mobilization orders and other important materials, Ni Zhengyi left Itagaki Seishiro speechless and brought out Doihara Kenji through cross-examination of Itagaki Seishiro. This process was extremely technical and was later adopted as a classic case for court debate by law majors in many schools.
In the end, through arduous efforts, through the power of law, logic, justice, facts and evidence, Tojo Hideki, Doihara Kenji, Matsui Iwane, Hirota Koki, Muto Akira, Itagaki Seishiro, Kimura Hyoutarou7Class A war criminals were sent to the gallows, nailing them to the pillar of shame in history forever. This is the first time on the international stage that the Chinese have successfully used the weapons of law, logic, justice and facts to defend their dignity as a victorious nation.
If these inhumane and anti-human war criminals are finally spared at the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, it will not only be a great shame for the Chinese w88 online live casino who were most severely violated by Japan, resisted the longest, and made the greatest sacrifices, but will also be a great shame for the world’s anti-fascist camp. It will also be a disgrace to the law, a blasphemy against fairness and justice, and a great setback for civilization. Therefore, the outcome of the Tokyo Trial is not only a victory for the Chinese w88 online live casino and a victory for the world’s anti-fascist allies, but also a victory for justice and conscience.
Looking back on this experience, what w88 online live casino cannot forget is the unprecedented suffering our nation suffered during World War II; what w88 online live casino should remember is the incomparable sacrifice and contribution made by the Chinese w88 online live casino to the victory of the world anti-fascist war; not only do we have the ability and wisdom to drive out the invaders, we also have the ability and wisdom to send the most heinous war criminals to the gallows! This last point is the true meaning of patriotic education - a sense of national pride and glory!
w88 online live casino are social animals. w88 online live casino in society hope to be recognized and paid attention to by others, hope that others will affirm their contributions, and hope to be respected. Nietzsche said: w88 online live casino spend their whole lives looking for a sense of importance! American philosopher William James said that the desire to be recognized and appreciated by others is the deepest buried nature of human beings. w88 online live casino think that their existence is very important, and at the same time they often hope that their existence can be more valuable. Having something that they are proud of is an important aspect. This is true for a person, and so is a nation. In addition, w88 online live casino are willing to live and work in a group, and feel proud to belong to this group. If they feel proud to be in this group, they will identify with this group more and love this group even more.
The author has visited Russia, Japan, and the United States. Although the form and content of patriotic education in these three countries are different, the theme is the same-that is, national pride and glory.
1995Year10When the author went to Russia to visit the World War II Memorial Museum in August, the introduction and three-dimensional animations of the three famous battles of "Moscow Defense", "Leningrad (now known as St. Petersburg)", and "Stalingrad (now known as Volgograd)" were introduced and the three-dimensional cartoons were very powerful and shocking. After watching classic films describing these three battles and "Liberation", a feeling of admiration for the Soviet army emerged spontaneously. The German army, which was known as the world's number one and invincible army at the time, was defeated miserably by the Soviet army. What could be a better illustration of Russian national pride than this fact?
2000Year8I traveled to Japan last month and visited Disneyland. The film shown there started with Japan leaving Asia and joining Europe. The theme promoted was how the Japanese nation can strive for self-improvement, etc. It also emphasized national pride. I still have fresh memories of the awe-inspiring expressions and actions that Japanese children showed when watching this kind of film.2012Year10When I visited the United States in March, I found that American-style patriotic education can be seen everywhere in the United States: national pride! The author starts from1983See George in the yearC·Since "Patton" starring Scott, I have watched Hollywood "main theme" blockbusters such as "Pearl Harbor", "Saving Private Ryan", and "The Patriot". The overwhelming heroism and bone-deep national pride in the movies are really strong.
Speaking of this, we have to talk about the Anti-Japanese War-themed film and television works that have embarrassed the Chinese w88 online live casino in recent years. To sum up, these anti-Japanese war-themed film and television works can be roughly divided into the following types: first, game-type, such as "Hands Up" and so on. As a piece of entertainment content, there is nothing inappropriate in itself, but if you watch it too much and believe it, it will numb the maleness of the Chinese w88 online live casino. Second, it is a divine drama, in which the anti-Japanese heroes all possess unique skills. This kind of magical drama has the form of a martial arts drama, but lacks the connotation and charm of a martial arts drama, making the audience feel that the Japanese soldiers are simply vulnerable. Will eight years of arduous war be so easy? Then why should current Japanese officials apologize? And if we put ourselves in our shoes, if Japanese audiences see such a magical drama, will they respect us? Or laugh at us? Third, the painful type, which blindly describes pain and makes w88 online live casino feel pitiful. These three types should not be the mainstream of anti-war dramas. Of course, anti-war dramas can and should describe pain, but this description cannot be in the form of entertainment. The goal to be achieved should and must be to arouse the memory of the Chinese w88 online live casino so that they will not forget the national humiliation; at the same time, it can also arouse the conscience of the audience in the invader country, making them deeply guilty and remorseful for the crimes against humanity committed by their predecessors! Let audiences from other countries understand the suffering that the Chinese w88 online live casino have suffered, and feel deeply sympathetic and moved by it! I believe and agree that the Chinese w88 online live casino made huge sacrifices during the Anti-Japanese War! w88 online live casino of all countries in the world (including citizens of the defeated countries) must believe that fairness and justice will surely defeat evil. All thoughts and actions that attempt to beautify the history of the war of aggression against China are shameful and will not succeed!
Therefore, the standard for an excellent Anti-Japanese War drama is that it can arouse the pride and glory of the Chinese w88 online live casino! The foundation and connotation of cultivating patriotism should be to cultivate the audience's sense of national pride and glory, rather than to be pitied.
Our country’s war of resistance is an important and inseparable part of the world’s anti-fascist war. It is the main battlefield in the east of the world’s anti-fascist war and the main battlefield in the east against the Japanese army. When Japan invested the most troops on the Chinese battlefield380More than ten thousand w88 online live casino, we wiped them out78Ten thousand Japanese troops (Japanese author’s data, author’s note). At the surrender ceremony of the USS Missouri, China, as one of the victorious countries, accepted the surrender of Japan, the defeated country; at the Tokyo Trial, the war criminals were finally given a "clear death." Even on other battlefields, there are many facts that make us proud: we have the Pingxingguan victory, which was the first victory of the Anti-Japanese War, breaking the myth of the invincibility of the Japanese army in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War; the Battle of Wanjialing, which wiped out a Japanese division for the first time;
To be honest, the Chinese w88 online live casino still have many blind spots in their understanding of the War of Resistance against Japan today, and there are too many historical facts of the War of Resistance Against War that need to be studied and excavated in depth. Why can't artists work more on these contents and have to make some kind of magic drama? It’s September 18th again, a day that we will never forget. This is really a topic worth pondering.
(The author is a professor at the w88 casino of International Business, w88 casino)
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