Misplaced competition: professional settings cannot meet market demand
Zhou Bo Xiang Feng
(Source: "China w88 casino News"2013-10-28 No.7version)
With the rapid development of higher w88 casino, my country's university w88 casino is transforming from elite to popular. Correspondingly, the employment situation of college students is becoming increasingly severe. According to statistics,20138414_8425699Ten thousand, a record high, while employers are recruiting fewer positions10%—15%, college graduates face "the most difficult employment year in history". In fact, on the one hand, as the world's second largest economy, my country's economic construction is in urgent need of talents in all aspects. On the other hand, the current college students are facing a severe employment situation. What causes the current predicament? Among the many factors that affect the employment of college students, the professional settings and talent training methods of colleges and universities are one of the important factors, and their impact on the employment of college students cannot be ignored.
Conflict between professional stability and market fluctuation
Employment statistics show that animation, biotechnology and other majors were popular in colleges and universities in the past few years.2012The annual employment rate has dropped across the board, and because of its low employment rate, it has been included in the "Employment Red Card Major". Unemployed graduates of these majors are because similar professional talents have been approaching saturation during the same period, and the number of graduates is far greater than the social demand at that time. They "cannot find jobs", resulting in a severe employment situation.
Under the influence of the talent training model of the traditional planned economy, the major settings in colleges and universities are stable and relatively static. However, employment under the corresponding market economy conditions is dynamic and volatile, and the inconsistency or even disconnection between the setting of disciplines and majors and market demand is very prominent. Facing the ever-changing market demand, the subject and major establishment in colleges and universities is obviously lagging behind. This year's "popular" majors will become "unpopular" four years later when the enrollment expansion rate of majors exceeds the growth rate of actual social demand and the market becomes saturated.
Conflict between elite training and ordinary employment
Another prominent problem between professional setting and employment is the “failure to recruit people”. According to statistics, across the country700Among the 10,000 skilled workers, the current proportion of middle and senior workers is only40%, and developed countries85%10443_10507
At present, my country's higher w88 casino has not realized the transformation from a single "elite" training to a "elite and mass" talent training model. It still follows the "ivory tower" training model. The subject structure is single, the proportion of traditional majors is too large, the majors that adapt to high and new technologies are weak, there is a shortage of operational and practical courses, and professional courses are far away from practice and the market. This alienation between majors and the market has led to a situation where there are positions but no employees can be recruited. There is an obvious conflict between the "elite" training of curriculum majors and the lack of "popular" skills for employment.
Lack of “job creation” entrepreneurship w88 casino
2012The proportion of self-employment among college students in my country was2%, while the United States is20%, the proportion of college students entrepreneurship is far lower than the level of developed countries. In recent years, the U.S. economy has continued to grow, thanks to the strong entrepreneurial spirit and entrepreneurial activities on its university campuses. Entrepreneurial employment of college students from "job hunting" to "job creation" has become one of the main driving forces of U.S. economic development. New economy companies such as Microsoft, Yahoo, and Google were originally founded by college students. Taking Stanford University as an example, the world-renowned high-tech industry cluster base Silicon Valley has60%—70%'s company was founded by teachers and students from Stanford University. in the country, the choices faced by ordinary undergraduates after graduation are employment, postgraduate entrance examinations, and studying abroad. Under the influence of this traditional concept, the goals of university talent training are limited to academic research and practical application, and there is a lack of entrepreneurial w88 casino characterized by breaking through resource constraints, seeking opportunities, and seeking innovation through innovation. The lack of entrepreneurship w88 casino has caused the proportion of entrepreneurship among college students in my country to be far lower than that in developed countries.
Due to the long-term w88 casino system that uses scores as the dominant evaluation, students have weak practical ability and lack of innovation consciousness. In the face of fierce social competition, it is very important to integrate entrepreneurship w88 casino into the talent training system as soon as possible, throughout the entire process of talent training, and to carry out entrepreneurship w88 casino for all students. At present, entrepreneurship w88 casino for college students in our country has just started, and it is urgent to strengthen the cultivation of college students' entrepreneurial awareness. In the era of knowledge economy, entrepreneurship w88 casino for college students is actually the deepening and concreteness of quality w88 casino for college students. Through entrepreneurship w88 casino, students can master the basic knowledge of entrepreneurship, stimulate entrepreneurial awareness, improve their sense of social responsibility, and promote students' entrepreneurial employment and all-round development.
Human resources are the first resource for social and economic development, and higher w88 casino is the main way to develop human resources and realize the all-round development of people. How to scientifically set up the professional layout, effectively link the subject and major setting and market demand, and achieve a dynamic balance between majors and employment can be discussed from the following aspects:
Professional settings adapt to social needs
University major setting is a subject category set up by the higher w88 casino department based on the needs of social division of labor and industrial structure. As one of the important functions of higher w88 casino, colleges and universities must face and serve economic and social development. The major setting should move from closed to open, and should be oriented by social needs and reasonably set up disciplines and majors.
As emphasized in the "Several Opinions of the Ministry of w88 casino on Comprehensively Improving the Quality of Higher w88 casino", "Work with relevant departments, scientific research institutes, and industry enterprises to formulate and implement national standards for undergraduate and higher vocational professional teaching quality, and formulate basic requirements for first-level disciplines such as doctorates, master's degrees, and professional degrees. Encourage industry departments to follow the national standards National standards formulate relevant professional talent training evaluation standards. Colleges and universities formulate scientific talent training plans based on actual conditions. "Making professional setting no longer a one-dimensional issue that only considers the w88 casino department, but focusing on the entire economic and social development, professional setting needs to move from closed to open, making it an "overpass" for future college students to enter the workplace.
Establish a professional prediction and exit mechanism
As think tanks that create new knowledge and promote social progress, universities play an important role in social and economic development. The setting of university majors must not only follow the market, but also require keen insight to lead the development of society with majors. The rise of a new round of knowledge economy almost always revolves around new technologies and technologies developed by universities. The knowledge economy represented by new information technology is changing all aspects of society. Here, universities can predict relevant majors and reserve talents needed by emerging industries through predictions of the development of social industrial structure and analysis of future changes in human resource needs. In recent years, the w88 casino has opened new majors and professional directions such as economic statistics, business English, investment, logistics management, actuarial science, and Chinese international education in accordance with the future changes in demand for international high-end economic talents, and added experimental classes for the Honors Bachelor of Economics and Chartered Financial AnalystCFASpecial Class, Global Risk ManagementFRMNew training directions and models such as special classes reserve outstanding talents for the next step of national economic construction, support the development of advantageous specialty majors and strategic emerging industries, and win the initiative for employment.
In addition, for majors with low employment rates for many consecutive years, except for a few special majors, the w88 casino authorities should reduce enrollment plans until they are suspended. In this way, enrollment and employment are linked, the two are organically linked, market-oriented, and employment work is used as an important basis for the establishment of majors and the determination of enrollment numbers, achieving a dynamic balance between majors and the market.
Integration of employment guidance and professional w88 casino
"Career Anchor"(career anchor) was developed by American scholar Edgar Schein (Edgar Schein) Professor. Career anchors are formed after introspection of a person's talents, values, and motivations. They can guide, constrain, or stabilize an individual's career. "Career anchor" plays a very important role in college students' career planning. Just like the anchor of a ship, it is the center around which people choose and develop their careers. The reality is that contemporary college students do not know very well what their "career anchor" is. Faced with a variety of realistic choices, they do not know how to respond. After blind employment, their satisfaction with professional positions continues to decline. Therefore, in this sense, career planning guidance classes for college students are very important. It can help students understand themselves and their majors, thereby establishing a correct outlook on career choice and employment, and confirming their "career anchor."
Career planning education for college students is not simply about organizing a few lectures just for fresh graduates, or offering career guidance elective courses. Successful employment education is precisely integrated with professional education. Employment courses are deeply embedded in professional courses. Employment education runs through the entire process of college students' four-year professional training, achieving a combination of comprehensive quality training and practical education. In recent years, in order to expand the depth of employment services, the w88 casino has combined subject majors with employment skills and planned and constructed a college student employment and entrepreneurship laboratory to provide students with a simulation room that uses "simulation" as the main method to conduct employment and entrepreneurship based on their majors. As of2013Year6Month, more than 100 trainees were trained400people, providing students with a simulated workplace environment, targeted assistance in helping students experience multiple career development paths, and improving graduates' employability.
Cultivation of entrepreneurial incubators to drive employment
In today's increasingly fierce competition, it is not enough for college students to have their own entrepreneurial enthusiasm. Support from the external environment is also needed to help fledgling college student entrepreneurs go to the market. Through early entrepreneurship policy support, financial support, and peripheral support, the healthy development of college students' enterprises is promoted. In this process, the w88 casino's entrepreneurship incubation support system plays a very important role in the successful entrepreneurship of college students.
201217685_17708iHiMInternational Students’ Dream Culture Media Co., Ltd.” won the gold medal in the national finals of the 8th “Challenge Cup” Chinese College Student Entrepreneurship Plan Competition. Such good results were achieved thanks to the college student entrepreneurship incubation system built by the w88 casino in recent years. In recent years, the w88 casino has established an “Entrepreneurship Teaching+Entrepreneurship Simulation+The "Trinity" entrepreneurship incubation system model with the content of "Entrepreneurship Practice" expands the extension of entrepreneurship w88 casino courses. Entrepreneurship w88 casino is no longer limited to entrepreneurship courses, but integrates entrepreneurship w88 casino with entrepreneurship policies and entrepreneurial peripheral support, forming a virtuous loop from theory to practice, which effectively enhances the effectiveness of entrepreneurship w88 casino.
(Author’s affiliation: w88 casino)
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