Judging from the current situation, the most important feature of China's new central leadership collective governance is its strong anti-w88 casino. Whether it is punishing corrupt officials, improving work style, or conducting mass line education activities, the main focus is w88 casino. Moreover, these actions have achieved initial results, effectively curbed the spread of w88 casino, and won the support of the people. When Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, came to power, he said that we should fight tigers and flies together, which is indeed true. However, China's w88 casino problem has strong institutional characteristics. I am afraid there is still a long way to go to eliminate w88 casino and truly establish a clean, efficient and clean government.

The institutional characteristics of China’s w88 casino problem are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

First, w88 casino is institutionalized or socialized. w88 casino is becoming a behavioral norm in Chinese society, rooted in all aspects of social life. Many people seem to live in dark corners, not following the explicitly stated system, but following the so-called "hidden rules." "Hidden rules" seem to dominate the operation of Chinese society and have become real social norms or social codes of conduct. Officials use their power to seek rents, companies use money to pave the way, and ordinary people hope to "spend some blood" to solve troubles or get things done. These people act according to "hidden rules" and in fact become participants and producers of w88 casino, leading to the institutionalization or socialization of w88 casino.

Second, a culture of w88 casino seems to be taking shape. The spread and penetrating influence of w88 casino in China currently make everyone live in an atmosphere of w88 casino, and w88 casino has penetrated deep into people's hearts. People are not surprised by w88 casino and have become accustomed to it. Evil is openly rampant and righteousness is difficult to promote. The large-scale expansion of w88 casino in China, the w88 casino envy of the general public, and the increase in recognition of w88 casino can be said to be signals that a w88 casino culture has begun to form. w88 casino culture can not only increase people's tolerance and recognition of w88 casino, but also cause the overall moral level of the whole society to decline, causing corrupt behavior to become a way of daily life, becoming more open and "rationalized", thus strengthening the institutional characteristics of w88 casino.

Third, some bad systems have become the breeding ground for w88 casino. In addition to the implicit institutional characteristics given to it by "hidden rules" and w88 casino culture, China's w88 casino problems also have explicit institutional characteristics. In other words, some w88 casino problems are also institutional in nature at the explicit institutional level. Some systems may have played a positive role in a certain period, but times and circumstances have changed, and good systems have turned into bad systems. The official hierarchy is very typical. The treatment of cadres at different levels has different standards, which may be necessary in a certain period of time. But later on, this system became a privileged system and became corrupt. At the same time,China is currently in a critical period of institutional transformation. New institutional norms have not yet been fully established and perfected. Many institutional norms have certain problems or loopholes, and it is easy for others to "take advantage of them." In this context, some w88 casino problems have institutional characteristics. Without changing these systems, the w88 casino problems associated with them will be difficult to eliminate.

It can be said that a system is the sum of behavioral norms, rules and conventions about people or organizations, which stipulates and shapes the behavior of individuals or organizations. To effectively combat w88 casino, especially to fundamentally curb w88 casino, we must start from the institutional level, build a good system, and create a good institutional environment. Only in this way can we consolidate the results of anti-w88 casino and form a long-term anti-w88 casino mechanism.

First, we need to reduce the power held by officials and reduce the space for using power for personal gain.In the final analysis of w88 casino, officials have too much power and control too many resources. In the process of reform and opening up, the Chinese government has begun to transform from an all-powerful government to a limited government, and from a control-oriented government to a service-oriented government. However, overall, the transformation of the Chinese government's functions is still seriously lagging behind. At present, the Chinese government must minimize its role as an economic man, further withdraw from direct operating activities in the market, and further reduce direct management of the market.Improve the scientific level of management.In particular, we must solve the problem of inseparation between politics and economics, and between government and enterprises, reduce the power in the hands of the government, and hand over market matters to the market and society to society. At the same time, it is necessary to deepen the reform of the cadre and personnel system, strengthen the reform of the fiscal, investment and financial systems, promote the reform of the judicial system, standardize the systems of project construction bidding, land use rights transfer, property rights transactions, government procurement and other systems, form a benign and complete institutional system, and strengthen the implementation of various systems.

Second, we must strengthen restrictions and supervision on the exercise of power and put power in an institutional cage. Xi Jinping very clearly emphasized this idea of ​​anti-w88 casino at the plenary session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection at the beginning of this year. To strengthen restrictions on the exercise of power, at the national level, the relative separation of decision-making power, execution power, and supervision power should be implemented so that the three can both restrict and coordinate with each other. From the perspective of individual departments, it is necessary to adhere to the principle of collective leadership and ensure the open and transparent operation of power, without engaging in secret operations.Strengthening the operation of powerSupervisionCan be obtained fromStart from four aspects, namely: internal supervision, National People’s Congress supervision, legal supervision and public opinion supervision. It is necessary to closely cooperate with supervision within the party and outside the party, supervision within the system and supervision outside the system, and form a mutually coordinated and complementary supervision system.

Third, we must eradicate bad systems that breed w88 casino and create a benign institutional environment. Not all people who hold power are bad by nature; however, if the institutional environment is bad, even good people are likely to become bad over time. This bad system consists of both shady "hidden rules" and explicit bad rules and regulations. Living in a bad institutional environment, everyone will inevitably do wrong things, even bad things, and it will be difficult not to be corrupt. To eliminate w88 casino, we must establish a benign system and create a good institutional environment. To break the so-called "hidden rules", revise or abolish unhealthy rules and regulations, and create a clean and benign institutional environment, there is hope to curb w88 casino.

(The author is deputy dean and professor of the w88 casino of International Relations, w88 casino, China)

Original link:

http://www.zaobao.com/special/report/politic/cnpol/story20131010-262969