Lian Si: How to carry out investigation and w88 mobile effectively

(Source: "Study Times" Date: 2013Year5month27Day03version)

The purpose of conducting investigation and w88 mobile is to accurately understand the truth and full picture of things, grasp the essence and laws of the problem, and study ideas and countermeasures to solve the problem. To do a good job in investigation and w88 mobile and improve the quality of investigation and w88 mobile, we need to master and apply scientific thinking methods.
First of all, investigation and w88 mobile must be conducted with a sincere attitude. In survey w88 mobile, we need to make friends with the survey respondents, listen to what they have to say, and listen to their views on many specific policies, people's livelihood issues, religious issues and social issues. And only if you truly make friends with them will they tell you their true thoughts. Nowadays, many people have two sets of words in their mouths, saying different things on different occasions. In this case, the respondent must understand clearly where the investigator stands and whether his attitude is sincere before he can answer the question truthfully. This means that if we want to investigate him, he must first investigate you, and then decide whether to let you investigate him. This process of mutual investigation is very delicate. Once the respondents find that your investigation attitude is not so sincere, or that your investigation will cause harm to their social life, they will be unwilling to approach you and tell the truth.
In other words, the investigator needs to understand the social psychological characteristics and life status of the respondent as much as possible through ethical considerations and implementation, understand the potential barriers and the respondent's self-assessment of the risks of the investigation, and then take certain measures to reduce the risks and help the respondent analyze these risks close to reality, and then find ways to crack these risks. We try our best to objectively analyze the risks that the w88 mobile may bring to the respondents and inform the respondents of the protective measures we have taken (such as confidentiality), thereby reducing the responsibility burden and actual risks of the respondents, trying to allow the respondents to participate in the w88 mobile without psychological burden and pressure, and promoting the further development and in-depth investigation, so as to get closer to the "true" statements of the respondents. Moreover, only through interaction in this situation can we achieve "empathic understanding" of the respondent and interpret the information obtained from the perspective of the respondent in a more in-depth manner.
Secondly, scientific methods must be used in investigation and w88 mobile. The method system of survey w88 mobile is divided into three levels: methodology, w88 mobile methods, specific methods and techniques.
Methodology is at the top and is closely related to philosophy and the theories of various disciplines. It is the general guiding principle and theoretical framework for investigation and w88 mobile, including the principle of objectivity, the principle of scientificity, the principle of method diversity, the principle of combining theory and practice, and the principle of ethics and morals.
In terms of survey methods, according to the survey objects, it can be divided into comprehensive survey and non-comprehensive survey. Comprehensive survey is a census, and non-comprehensive survey is divided into sampling survey and case survey; according to time, it can be divided into one-time survey, regular survey and follow-up survey; according to the w88 mobile purpose and role, it can be divided into exploratory survey, descriptive survey and explanatory survey.
In terms of specific methods and techniques, they can be divided into two categories, one is qualitative methods and the other is quantitative methods. There are obvious differences between these two w88 mobile methods in terms of functions, questions answered or solved, and data collection methods. It is crucial for investigators to select an appropriate w88 mobile method based on the problem to be addressed and the purpose of the study.
Qualitative methods are conducive to discovering the deep-seated causes of things and grasping the subtleties of the observed objects. Qualitative methods have unique functions when studying special groups and sensitive and complex social psychological issues. In operation, qualitative analysis adopts a vaguer and bolder approach than quantitative analysis and, therefore, is more prone to creativity and novelty. Commonly used qualitative methods include in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (symposiums), participant observation, etc. It is generally believed that the shortcoming of this type of method is that the samples of qualitative analysis cannot represent the population, and the conclusions drawn may not be universal. At the same time, the success of the implementation of qualitative methods and the quality of their w88 mobile largely depend on the individual professionalism and w88 mobile experience of the investigator. The flexibility and subjectivity in the implementation process often greatly affect the reliability and validity of the w88 mobile results.
Quantitative methods are based on statistical theory, and their advantage is that they can infer overall characteristics by analyzing some representative samples. Taking the statistical survey commonly used in quantitative methods as an example, it first starts from certain theoretical assumptions and designs a standardized questionnaire with an internal logical structure. Then, through standardized sampling, survey implementation, data collation and statistical analysis, the theoretical assumptions are tested or theoretical explanations are made for new findings. The shortcoming of quantitative methods is that it is difficult to obtain in-depth information, and it is easy to ignore specific social processes and people's deep motivations. At the same time, it is not suitable for causal analysis of unique phenomena.
Investigators must realize that neither quantitative nor qualitative methods, used alone, can explain or answer all questions in survey w88 mobile. Different w88 mobile methods should not be opposed to each other, but should complement and support each other. Quantitative methods and qualitative methods just study the same thing from different aspects and using different methods. We should overcome the either-or approach and combine quantitative methods with qualitative methods so that investigation methods move from opposition to unity and pluralism.
In today's era, how to grasp the ever-changing situation faster and more accurately and find patterns through complex phenomena still requires continuous w88 mobile and exploration. On the basis of learning and applying existing methods, we should continue to broaden channels, enrich means, innovate methods, and improve the scientific level of investigation and w88 mobile.
Finally, investigation and w88 mobile must establish systematic thinking. To carry out survey w88 mobile, it is necessary to carefully design the survey plan, draw up the survey outline, determine the survey objects and scale, select applicable survey methods, and form accurate and effective survey conclusions. Before conducting investigation and w88 mobile, it is necessary to do a good job of collecting information. By fully drawing on previous w88 mobile results, we can further deepen and improve on the original basis, avoid starting everything from scratch, and avoid cycling at low levels and low levels. It is necessary to prepare a w88 mobile outline and prepare in advance the background, target objects, current situation, future trends, frontier areas, existing problems and other aspects of the survey w88 mobile. This will help you understand the target areas and target objects of the w88 mobile and ask high-quality questions. Many times, the quality of the questions raised in the survey often inspires the survey respondents to provide more information. When investigating, the perspective and direction must be comprehensive, both investigating the present and understanding the past, investigating individuals and understanding the whole, focusing on truth and accuracy, and making records and descriptions that are consistent with the objective situation. When researching, we must correctly estimate the representativeness of the problem and avoid overgeneralization; correctly analyze and synthesize, be able to grasp the essence through phenomena, and avoid staying on the simple accumulation and description of materials; correctly judge the nature of the problem, and prevent exaggerating or minimizing the severity of the problem; be good at using a systematic perspective and a developmental perspective to study history, analyze the current situation, and predict trends.
Investigators must realize that investigation and w88 mobile are two different processes. Investigation is the perceptual understanding process of in-depth practice, familiarity and understanding of the situation, and collection of relevant materials. It is the first step of investigation and w88 mobile and the primary stage of understanding things; while w88 mobile is the process of forming rational understanding through analysis, synthesis, comparison, abstraction, generalization and judgment of the data obtained from the investigation, which is a higher stage of understanding things. To do a good job of w88 mobile, these two processes are indispensable. If there is a lack of investigation or the investigation is not in-depth and comprehensive enough, it is easy for the w88 mobile process to become useless, and there is no way to start. The w88 mobile report will be floating and weak, making it difficult to solve practical problems; while if there is a lack of w88 mobile or the w88 mobile is not in-depth enough, the w88 mobile report will also become a pile of materials. Therefore, the investigation process must go deep into the front line and carry out an in-depth and comprehensive investigation of all aspects involved in the problem. The w88 mobile process must also carefully carry out the analysis of removing the rough and selecting the essence, discarding the false and retaining the true, from here to there, from the outside to the inside, distinguishing the phenomenon and essence, the mainstream and the tributaries, the achievements and shortcomings, the main contradictions and the secondary contradictions, and discovering the intrinsic connections and essential characteristics of things from the interrelationships of things, and finding regular things.
Of course, we cannot completely separate these two processes. There must be w88 mobile within investigation, and investigation within w88 mobile. That is to say, continuous analysis, judgment, synthesis, summary, and summary are carried out during each investigation, and a certain rational understanding is formed. The rational understanding accumulated at the end of all investigations has basically formed the prototype of the investigation report, thereby avoiding the time-consuming, laborious and omitted problems of re-w88 mobile after the investigation is completed; at the same time, further investigation of new problems encountered during the w88 mobile process is carried out, so as to continuously deepen the understanding of the nature and laws of things through the back-and-forth process of "investigation-w88 mobile, investigation, and w88 mobile".

Attachment: Original report link

http://www.studytimes.com.cn:9999/epaper/xxsb/html/2013/05/27/03/03_30.htm