(Source: "China Industry News" 2024-11-14)

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Global energy technology innovation shifts to clean energy，Especially renewable energy，To combat climate change and achieve carbon neutrality。Countries increase investment in R&D，Remarkable achievements in the field of clean energy，Surge in the number of scientific research and patents，Leading the low-carbon green transformation of global energy。

  Technology determines the future，Technology creates the future，This is the historical law of the evolution of human civilization。

Currently，Under the dual drive of energy transformation and digital transformation，A new round of global energy technology innovation activities are highly active，Technological research and development with w88 online sports bettingclean energy technology, especially renewable energy technology as the core, is accelerating development and iteration，has become the core driving force for the low-carbon green transformation of global energy。

Long time，Global energy technology innovation is mainly concentrated in the field of fossil energy，The focus is on fossil energy exploration、Development、Processing、Conversion、Conveyance、Reservation and utilization, etc.。

Historically，The invention of the steam engine achieved the first energy transformation dominated by coal，The invention of the internal combustion engine promoted the second energy transition led by oil，The shale technology revolution has led to the large-scale development of shale oil and gas in the United States，Making America energy independent，Changing the global energy landscape。

Based on historical experience，For the history of energy development，Energy technology determines the future of energy，Technological innovation creates future energy，This is the practice of global energy development history，Also an objective law。However，As the response to global climate change becomes mainstream，The energy transition is accelerating，The focus and emphasis of energy science and technology innovation in countries around the world has begun to gradually shift，Gradually transition from traditional technology to high-tech，From fossil energy field to non-fossil energy field，Especially moving to the field of w88 online sports bettingclean energy technology research and development。

To combat global climate change，Implementing energy transition strategy，Achieve carbon neutrality goal，In addition to investing huge amounts of money，Major technological breakthroughs are still needed，Objectively leading the new innovation trend in global energy technology。

Everyone knows，One of the keywords accompanying climate change is carbon neutrality，or net zero carbon emissions。Carbon Neutral，It is a perfect picture to solve the problem of global climate change，But how to draw this imaginative picture，It is indeed a huge long-term challenge for mankind。

Facing life and death，Human beings can only respond head-on。Coping with global climate change，The core is to achieve carbon neutrality，A matter of life and death for mankind，Involving many industries or fields，Not a country issue，It is a major international issue，No country can survive alone。

To achieve carbon neutrality，Human society must strengthen relevant technological innovation。Currently，There are many technologies related to carbon neutrality，Some technologies are relatively mature，But there are still many technologies that are not yet mature，Or not yet fully mature，Objectively, countries around the world need to continue to increase innovation。

According to the International Energy Agency (IEA) report，Towards global carbon neutrality or net zero emissions by 2050，Human society must continue to achieve breakthroughs in key technologies，Although there are some mature key technologies，But overall the technology maturity is not high enough，There are still about 50% of technologies that are not yet mature，It can be seen that global energy technology innovation has a long way to go。

Achieve carbon neutrality goal，It requires international cooperation among countries around the world，It also requires huge capital investment and technology research and development investment，Strong policy guidance and support is also needed。Predictable，In the process of achieving the goal of global carbon neutrality，Human beings are bound to face various obstacles and resistance，But human society cannot be afraid of moving forward，But we must move forward，Meeting challenges as we move forward。

Clean energy technology has gradually become the focus of global energy technology innovation

Because clean energy occupies a key position in combating climate change and achieving energy transition，Therefore, clean energy technological innovation has become the focus of energy technological innovation in countries around the world。

Developed countries formulate clean energy technology innovation strategies and policies

w88 online casinoStrategy determines the direction, and policy guides behavior.

Facing the challenge of global climate change，Energy technology innovation has entered a new chapter。Countries around the world have focused their innovation efforts on clean energy technologies，Those developed economies have formulated relevant strategies and policies，Vigorously promote the research and development of w88 online sports bettingclean energy technology，To achieve the goal of carbon neutrality。

Although the United States has long-standing disputes over how to respond to global climate change and energy transition，But at the strategic and policy level，Their overall attitude remains basically positive，With "Science and Energy" as the main axis，Actively promote advanced nuclear energy、Development and utilization of renewable energy，As well as the research and development of conventional oil and gas exploration and development technologies。

In the field of global climate change and w88 online sports bettingclean energy technology innovation，The EU has always regarded itself as a world leader，The concepts of green development and climateism are deeply rooted in the hearts of the people，Technological innovation strategies and policies have particularly outstanding performance，Clearly place renewable energy as the mainstay of the energy supply system，Proposed the strategic goal of building a carbon-neutral economy，Greatly enhance the status of energy technology innovation，And formulated a framework plan for energy technology research and development and demonstration。

In research and development of renewable energy technology，Japan is also at the forefront of the world，Set 2030 and 2050 goals for future energy technology innovation，Emphasis on the need to focus on research and development of energy technology。

Comprehensive Observation of the United States、The evolution of energy technology strategies in the EU and Japan，Can see，The main goal of these strategies is to optimize and adjust the energy structure，Implementing energy transition strategy，The core lies in the research and development of w88 online sports bettingclean energy technology，Especially the research and development of renewable energy technology，This is undoubtedly a key step towards a green future。

Global investment in clean energy technology continues to increase

Since mankind entered the 21st century，Humanity is facing a global climate and ecological crisis，Environmental problems are becoming increasingly serious，The call for energy transition echoes around the world，w88 online sports bettingclean energy technology innovation and investment also continue to grow。

Today，The global energy R&D investment structure is undergoing a profound change，Countries around the world place more emphasis on w88 online sports bettingclean energy technology research and development，Especially renewable energy technology research and w88 online live casinodevelopment，This is an obvious trend of energy technology innovation。

According to International Energy Agency data，During the period 2001-2009，The w88 online sports bettingclean energy technology investment budgets of the organization’s member countries are growing rapidly，And reached $24.6 billion in 2009。This is a clear signal，Indicates that the world is moving towards the long-term goal of net zero emissions，Promote low-carbon energy technology innovation。

Looking back on the past，IEA member states have long focused on the research and development of fossil energy technologies，The proportion of investment even reached 13% in 1990。However，Since the 1990s，Investment in clean energy R&D begins to gradually increase，Member states begin to adjust their technology research and development priorities，The proportion of R&D investment in fossil energy technology begins to decline。By 2020，This proportion has dropped to 7%。

Currently，Global w88 online sports bettingclean energy technology innovation trends are changing，From the past excessive focus on fossil energy and nuclear energy to gradually shifting to renewable energy and nuclear energy fields，And emphasize the coordinated development between the two。

From the data，In 1974, the proportion of investment in nuclear energy R&D among the member countries of the International Energy Agency was as high as 75%，The proportion of investment in renewable energy R&D is only 3%。However，By 2020，This pattern has changed significantly，The proportion of investment in nuclear energy technology R&D dropped to 21%，The proportion of R&D investment in renewable energy technology (including hydrogen energy technology) will be increased to 20%。

Global clean energy technology innovation achievements are very significant

In terms of global scientific research paper output，The number of papers published in the global clean energy field is growing rapidly。

On the global scientific research achievements picture，Clean energy results are colorful。

During the period 2001-2020，Explosive growth in paper production in the field of clean energy，Jumped from 400,000 articles to 1.6 million articles，Compound annual growth rate reaches 13%，On the global stage，His figure becomes clearer，The proportion increased from 1% to 5%。

Among them，Research results in the field of renewable energy are like spring water，Thriving，The proportion of papers quickly increased from 5% to 11%，The proportion of papers in the field of nuclear energy dropped from 8% to 1%，Global scientific research focus is shifting。

In the patent world，Renewable energy also shows great vitality，The number of European Patent Office (EPO) patent applications w88 online live casinoin the global renewable energy field reached 948,385 in 2021，Four times as many as in 2009。

It can be seen from the above，Global w88 online sports bettingclean energy technology innovation，Like the sunrise in the morning light，Radiant，Let the world see the huge power of technological innovation，Also sees the hope of future energy transformation。

(Author: Dong Xiucheng, School of International Business and Economics, University of International Business and Economics，Professor、Doctoral supervisor)

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