"Scientific Outlook on Development Study Book"

(Serial 3)

3. The core of the scientific outlook on development is people-oriented

The core of the Scientific Outlook on Development is people-oriented, which embodies the basic principles of Marxist historical materialism, embodies the fundamental purpose of our party to serve the people wholeheartedly and our fundamental purpose of promoting economic and social development. Only by deeply understanding the people-centered approach can we deeply understand and fully grasp the scientific outlook on development, and effectively implement the scientific outlook on development into all aspects of economic and social development.

1． People-oriented means putting the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people first

The people-oriented "people" refers to the people. In contemporary China, it means workers, farmers, intellectuals and other laborers as the main body, including people from all walks of life in China. The "foundation" of people-centeredness is the origin, the foundation, the starting point and the foothold, and it is the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people.

Adhering to the people-centered approach means always upholding the people's dominant position in the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, respecting the people's pioneering spirit, and giving full play to the people's enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity; we must insist on pursuing development and promoting development based on the people's fundamental interests, constantly meeting the people's growing material and cultural needs, and constantly realizing, safeguarding, and developing the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people; we must adhere to the principle of consistent fundamental interests of all people. On the basis of this, we must correctly reflect and take into account the interests of people in different regions, departments, and aspects, properly coordinate the interests of all aspects, and take the road of common prosperity; we must effectively protect the people's enjoyment of various rights and interests in accordance with the law, maintain social fairness and justice, meet people's development aspirations and diverse needs, care about people's values, rights, and freedoms, pay attention to people's quality of life, development potential, and happiness index, embody socialist humanitarianism and humanistic care, and promote the all-round development of people.

Adhering to a people-oriented approach not only has the profound foundation of Chinese civilization, but also embodies the progressive spirit of the development of the times. Chinese civilization has always focused on putting the people first and respecting human dignity and value. As early as thousands of years ago, the Chinese people proposed that "the people are the foundation of the country, and the foundation is the foundation of the country" and "nothing between heaven and earth is more valuable than people". They advocated that "the people are the most important, the country is second, and the king is despised", emphasizing that "the prosperity of government lies in obeying the people's will; the failure of government lies in going against the people's will." Ancient Chinese people-oriented thinking embodies the simple value orientation of valuing the people, and to a certain extent, it plays a role in easing class contradictions and reducing people's burdens. The people-oriented approach we emphasize today inherits the people-centered thinking of ancient China, but is substantially different from it. The "people" in people-centered thinking is relative to the "king" and to the ruler. Its essence is to maintain the dominance of the feudal ruling class and to achieve the art of "controlling the people" and "governing the people" to "win the hearts and minds of the people, preserve the country, consolidate the throne, and maintain peace". Its value isxiangshiThe king is the king, not the people. People-centeredness is also different from Western humanism. Modern Western humanism opposed superstition, advocated science, opposed autocracy, advocated freedom, opposed theocracy, and promoted human nature. It played a certain positive role in opposing feudalism and promoting human liberation. However, Western humanism takes the individual as the basis and the realization of self-worth as the basic pursuit, and advocates the supremacy of personal interests in dealing with the relationships between people and between individuals and society. At the same time, humanism departs from specific historical conditions and human sociality, and uses abstract and eternal human nature to explain social history. It essentially serves the bourgeoisie to obtain and maintain its dominant position. Marx sharply criticized bourgeois humanism, revealed its idealist nature, and formed the historical materialist theory of human beings. The people-centered approach we emphasize today adheres to the basic stance and viewpoint of historical materialism and embodies the essential requirements of our party to serve the public and govern for the people. However, ancient Chinese people-oriented thinking and Western humanism stand on the standpoint of an idealistic view of history and reflect the need of the exploiting classes to maintain their dominance. This is their fundamental difference.

2． Putting people first embodies the essential requirements of building a party for the public good and governing for the people

All for the people and all relying on the people is the most distinct political stance of the Marxist party. Putting people first is a concentrated expression of the fundamental purpose and governing philosophy of our party. It is the essential feature of the socialist system and the fundamental requirement for building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way and realizing socialist modernization.

Marxism believes that people are the most active factor in productivity; the people are the creators of history and the fundamental force that promotes social development. Comrade Hu Jintao pointed out that who we believe in, who we rely on, and who we serve, and whether we always stand on the standpoint of the overwhelming majority of the people, are the watershed that distinguishes historical materialism from the idealist view of history, and is also the touchstone for judging Marxist parties. For the Marxist ruling party, it is always most important to persist in serving the people wholeheartedly, build the party for the public good, govern for the people, and give full play to the enthusiasm of all people to develop advanced productive forces and advanced culture. The cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics is a common cause for people of all ethnic groups in the country to realize their own interests and create a better life. It is a creative cause with the extensive participation of hundreds of millions of people. The broad masses of the people are the main body of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The full expression of the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the people is the fundamental guarantee for the prosperity of our cause. Our fundamental purpose in promoting scientific development is to adhere to the consistency of respecting the laws of social development and respecting the people's dominant position in history, to adhere to the consistency of striving for lofty ideals and seeking the interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, to adhere to the consistency of completing various tasks of the party and realizing the interests of the people, and to adhere to the consistency of protecting people's rights and interests and promoting the all-round development of people, so that development is for the people, development depends on the people, and the fruits of development are shared by the people.

The foundation of our party lies in the people, its blood lies in the people, and its strength lies in the people. All the party's struggles and work are for the benefit of the people. Apart from the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, the party has no special interests of its own. In the final analysis, all the tasks and responsibilities of the party and the government are to realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. We must always insist that the interests of the people are above all else, always ensure that power is used by the people, feelings are tied to the people, and benefits are sought by the people. We must always regard the realization, maintenance, and development of the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people as the highest standard for all our work, and as the fundamental starting point and foothold for implementing the Scientific Outlook on Development. The requirements of building the party for the public good and governing for the people must be concretely and deeply implemented into the various principles and policies formulated by the party and the state, into the thoughts and actions of leading cadres at all levels, and into the work of caring for the people's production and life.

3． Adhere to development for the people, development by the people, and development results shared by the people

Insisting on people-centeredness, we must fully reflect and represent the interests of the people in the process of governing the country, insist on development for the people, development by the people, and development results shared by the people, so as to continuously benefit the people and enable all people to move steadily towards common prosperity.

Insisting on development for the people, we must comply with the new expectations of people of all ethnic groups for a better life, focus on solving the most direct and practical interests of the people, and truly implement the purpose of development to meet the needs of the people and improve people's living standards. The interests of the people must be reflected and protected in all aspects of economic and social development and in all work. Economic construction must focus on creating richer social material wealth, comprehensively improving people's lives, and continuously improving people's living standards. Political construction must focus on protecting the people's rights and legitimate rights and interests as masters of the country, continuously develop socialist democracy, and improve the socialist legal system. Cultural construction must focus on meeting the people's spiritual and cultural needs, improving the people's spiritual life quality, constantly enriching people's spiritual world, and enhancing people's spiritual strength. Social construction must focus on coordinating the interests of all parties and continuously building a society in which all people can do their best, have their place and live in harmony. We must deeply love the people, abide by our responsibilities for the people, be good at planning strategies to enrich the people, take the voices of the people as the first signal, the needs of the people as the first choice, and the satisfaction of the people as the first criterion.

Insisting on relying on the people for development, we must respect the people's dominant position, give full play to the people's dominant role, keep close contact with the people, always believe in the people, rely closely on the people, make development ideas and consult the people for advice, and listen to the people for problems in development We consult the people for their opinions and improve development measures, rely on the people's efforts to implement development tasks, and judge the results of development by the people. We must maximize the wisdom and strength of the entire society and the entire nation, so that our cause can gain the broadest and most reliable mass base and the deepest source of strength. It is necessary to fully implement the policy of respecting labor, respecting knowledge, respecting talents, and respecting creation, stimulating and mobilizing the enthusiasm of all sectors, uniting people from all walks of life who have contributed to the prosperity of the motherland, encouraging their entrepreneurial spirit, protecting their legitimate rights and interests, commending outstanding elements among them, and mobilizing and organizing hundreds of millions of people to devote themselves to the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the broadest possible way. We must adhere to the party's mass line and firmly establish the view that the people are the creators of history, the view of learning from the people with an open mind, the view of wholeheartedly seeking the interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, the view that the power of cadres is given by the people, the view of being responsible to the party and the view of being responsible to the people. We must effectively change our ideological style and work style, effectively improve our leadership style and working methods, deeply understand the people's sentiments, fully reflect public opinion, and widely pool the people's wisdom, so that our various decisions and all work can better reflect the interests of the people.

Insisting that the fruits of development be shared by the people means that all aspects of reform and development should be reflected in the continuous improvement of the people's quality of life and health, in the continuous improvement of the people's ideological and moral quality and scientific and cultural quality, and in the full protection of the people's economic, political, cultural and social rights and interests. Adhering to the principle that development results should be shared by the people is the concrete manifestation and ultimate goal of adhering to development for the people and development relying on the people. Throughout the process of reform, opening up, and modernization, we must strive to improve the people's material and cultural living standards on the basis of economic development, effectively protect the people's rights, and continue to increase with economic and social development. We must pay more attention to the universal benefit of development results, correctly handle the relationship between efficiency and fairness, coordinate the interests of all members of society, and promote the coordination of wealth creation and fair distribution. We must be soberly aware that after thirty years of reform and opening up, the lives of our people have generally reached a moderately prosperous level. However, different regions and departments, different groups and individuals have different ways of enjoying the fruits of economic and social development. Some people still have some difficulties in life due to various reasons. Issues such as labor employment, income distribution, social security, housing, medical care, and children's schooling have become hot issues of social concern. We must put ensuring and improving people's livelihood in a more important position, make great efforts to solve outstanding problems that the masses have strongly expressed, and strive to make all people share the fruits of economic and social development.

4． Unify the promotion of economic and social development with the promotion of all-round human development

The fundamental purpose of our party in leading the people to carry out reform, opening up, and modernization is to continuously improve the people's material and cultural living standards and promote the all-round development of people through the development of social productive forces.

Economic and social development is the premise and condition for the all-round development of people. Without economic and social development, the all-round development of people will lose the foundation and guarantee; the all-round development of people is the fundamental purpose of economic and social development and the most important force to promote economic and social development. Without the all-round development of people, economic and social development will lose its goals and motivation. Economic and social development and the all-round development of people are interconnected and mutually reinforcing. The more comprehensive development of people, the more material and cultural wealth of society will be created, and the more people's lives will be improved; and the more adequate the material and cultural conditions are, the more they can promote the all-round development of people.

Marxism believes that human society will inevitably move towards communism. The realization of a communist society in which material wealth is greatly enriched, the people's spiritual realm is greatly improved, and everyone develops freely and comprehensively is the most noble social ideal of Marxism. The realization of communism is a very long historical process, which can only be achieved on the basis of the full development and high degree of socialist society. We must base ourselves on the reality that our country is still and will be in the primary stage of socialism for a long time, and make unremitting efforts to realize the party's basic program at this stage. Putting people first adheres to the social ideal of Marxism, and at the same time points out the realistic way to realize the lofty ideal and ultimate goal. Adhering to a people-oriented approach means promoting the all-round development of people as the ultimate goal of economic and social development, focusing not only on the people's actual material and cultural life needs, but also on promoting the improvement of people's quality. On the basis of the continuous development of the economy and society, we must continuously improve people's quality and abilities, and continue to promote economic and social development by continuously improving people's qualities and abilities.

Achieving comprehensive human development is a long-term and gradual process. Only with the continuous increase of social wealth and the continuous progress of social civilization can the material and cultural life needs of the people be increasingly fully met, and the all-round development of human beings be increasingly fully realized. We must make unremitting pursuit of promoting the all-round development of people, constantly enhance the sense of urgency in work, seize opportunities with the spirit of seizing the day, accelerate the development of various undertakings, and continue to meet people's various needs. At the same time, we must fully consider the actual situation at the current stage and cannot make demands that exceed what is realistically possible. We must fully understand the long-term and arduous nature of socialist modernization, be mentally prepared for long-term hard work, start a business honestly, and work hard in a down-to-earth manner. Adhere to starting from specific things, put people first in all aspects of economic and social development, and reflect it in all the principles and policies of the party and the country, so that the process of implementing the Scientific Outlook on Development becomes a process that continuously benefits the people, a process that continuously improves people's living standards, a process that continuously improves people's ideological and moral quality, scientific and cultural quality, and a process that continuously protects people's economic, political, cultural, and social rights and interests. On the basis of promoting continuous economic development, it promotes comprehensive social progress and comprehensive human development.