"Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping and Jiang Zemin on Scientific Development"
Central Literature Publishing House, Party Building Readings Publishing House2008Year9Month1version
(Serial 1)
Publishing Notes
The 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China decided to carry out in-depth study and practice of the Scientific Outlook on Development activities throughout the Party. In order to cooperate with this work, we have compiled two books, "Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping and Jiang Zemin on Scientific Development" and "Excerpts of Important Essays on the Scientific Outlook on Development" for party members and cadres to study. These two books respectively contain important expositions on scientific development by Comrade Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, and Jiang Zemin, and important expositions on the Scientific Outlook on Development by Comrade Hu Jintao and Central Committee documents since the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. They embody that the Scientific Outlook on Development is the inheritance and development of the important thoughts on development of the three generations of central leadership collectives of the Party. It is a concentrated expression of the Marxist worldview and methodology on development, and is the same as Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and“Three Represents”Scientific theories that are both consistent with the important ideas and keep pace with the times are important guiding principles for my country's economic and social development, and are major strategic thoughts that must be upheld and implemented in the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics.
Documentation Research Office of the CPC Central Committee
二○○August eight years
Directory
Mao Zedong on scientific development
Deng Xiaoping on scientific development
Jiang Zemin on scientific development
Mao Zedong on scientific development
Marxists believe that human production activities are the most basic practical activities and are what determine all other activities. Human knowledge mainly relies on material production activities, and gradually understands natural phenomena, natural properties, natural regularities, and the relationship between man and nature; and through production activities, he also gradually understands certain interrelationships between man and man to varying degrees. All this knowledge cannot be obtained without production activities.
Mao Zedong's "On Practice" (1937Year7month), "Selected Works of Mao Zedong" No.2version1Volume282-283page
The cosmology of materialist dialectics advocates studying the development of things from the inside of things and from the relationship of one thing to other things, that is, viewing the development of things as the inevitable own movement within things, and the movement of each thing is interconnected and affects other things around it. The fundamental reason for the development of things is not outside of things but inside of things. It lies in the contradiction within things. There is this kind of contradiction within everything, which causes the movement and development of things.
Mao Zedong's "On Contradiction" (1937Year8month), "Selected Works of Mao Zedong" No.2version1Volume301page
To integrate the theory of Marxism-Leninism with the actual movement of the Chinese revolution, we must find a position, viewpoint, and method from it in order to solve the theoretical and strategic problems of the Chinese revolution. This attitude is a targeted attitude.“of”It is the Chinese revolution,“Ya”It is Marxism-Leninism. That’s why we Chinese Communists are looking for this“Ya”, just to shoot the Chinese revolution and the Eastern revolution“of”'s. This attitude is the attitude of seeking truth from facts.“Facts”It is all things that exist objectively,“Yes”It is the internal relationship of objective things, that is, regularity,“Asking”We will study it. We must start from the actual situation at home and abroad, within the province, within the county, and within the district, and derive from it its inherent and not imaginary regularities, that is, find out the internal connections of the surrounding events as a guide for our actions. To do this, we must rely not on subjective imagination, temporary enthusiasm, or dead books, but on objective facts, possess the materials in detail, and draw correct conclusions from these materials under the guidance of the general principles of Marxism-Leninism.
Mao Zedong's "Reforming Our Learning" (1941Year5Month19日), "Selected Works of Mao Zedong" No.2version3Volume801page
In the final analysis, whether the policies and practices of all Chinese political parties play a good or bad role among the Chinese people depends on whether and how helpful they are to the development of the productive forces of the Chinese people, and whether they constrain the productive forces or liberate them.
Mao Zedong's "On Coalition Government" (1945Year4Month24日), "Selected Works of Mao Zedong" No.2version3Volume1079page
Another distinctive sign that distinguishes our Communists from any other political party is that we have the closest contact with the broadest masses of the people. Serve the people wholeheartedly and never be separated from the masses for a moment; proceed from the interests of the people rather than the interests of individuals or small groups; be responsible to the people and to the leadership of the party; these are our starting points.
Mao Zedong's "On Coalition Government" (1945Year4Month24日), "Selected Works of Mao Zedong" No.2version3Volume1094-1095page
The Chinese revolution is great, but the journey after the revolution will be longer, the work greater, and more arduous. This must be made clear to the party now. Comrades must be enabled to continue to maintain a style of modesty, prudence, and no arrogance and impetuosity. Comrades must be enabled to continue to maintain a style of hard work. We have the Marxist-Leninist weapon of criticism and self-criticism. We can get rid of bad styles and maintain good ones. We can learn things we didn't understand before. Not only are we good at destroying an old world, we will also be good at building a new one.
Mao Zedong's "Report at the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China" (1949Year3Month5日), "Selected Works of Mao Zedong" No.2version4Volume1438-1439page
With the arrival of the climax of economic construction, there will inevitably be a climax of cultural construction. The era when the Chinese were considered uncivilized has passed. We will appear in the world as a highly cultured nation.
Mao Zedong's "The Chinese People Have Stand Up" (1949Year9Month21日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.5Volume345page
The overriding work in rural areas is agricultural production work, and other work is centered around agricultural production work and serves it. Any so-called work tasks and working methods that hinder agricultural production must be avoided.
Mao Zedong's "Criticisms and Modifications of the Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Mutual Assistance and Cooperation in Agricultural Production" (1953Year3Month24日), "Mao Zedong's Manuscripts since the Founding of the People's Republic of China" No.4Volume151-152page
The socialist economic law is to develop production and ensure needs. This is the main and basic economic law that plays a leading role.
Mao Zedong's "Speech at the Enlarged Meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee" (1953Year7Month29日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.6Volume289page
We must learn from advanced countries and nations and learn things that are useful to our own nation, but not all aspects must be learned from other nations, but we must maintain the characteristics of our own nation.
Mao Zedong’s talk on the Tibetan issue (1955Year3Month8日), "Selected Works of Mao Zedong in Tibet" No.113page
As long as we understand more about Marxism-Leninism, more about natural science, in a word, more about the laws of the objective world, and make fewer mistakes of subjectivism, our revolutionary work and construction work will certainly be able to achieve our goals.
Mao Zedong's "Speech at the National Conference of the Communist Party of China" (1955Year3Month21日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.6Volume393page
We have entered a period in which what we are currently engaged in, thinking about, and studying are socialist industrialization, socialist transformation, modern national defense, and a new period in history such as atomic energy.
Mao Zedong's "Speech at the National Conference of the Communist Party of China" (1955Year3Month31日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.6Volume395page
Be diligent and thrifty in running factories, running stores with thrift, running all state-owned and cooperative undertakings with diligence and thrift, and running all other undertakings with diligence and thrift. The principle of diligence and thrift should be followed in everything. This is the principle of frugality, and frugality is one of the basic principles of the socialist economy.
Selected Notes from Mao Zedong's "The Socialist Upsurge in China's Rural Areas" (1955Year9month,12month), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.6Volume447page
Any socialist economic enterprise must pay attention to making full use of manpower and equipment as much as possible, improving labor organization, business management and labor productivity as much as possible, saving all possible human and material resources, and implementing labor competition and economic accounting, so as to reduce costs year by year, increase personal income and increase accumulation.
Mao Zedong's "Selected Notes on "The Socialist Upsurge in China's Rural Areas"" (1955Year9month,12month), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.6Volume461-462page
The purpose of socialist revolution is to liberate productive forces.
Mao Zedong's "The purpose of the socialist revolution is to liberate the productive forces" (1956Year1Month25日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume1page
Our people should have a long-term plan and strive to change our country's economic, scientific and cultural backwardness within a few decades and quickly reach the advanced level in the world. In order to achieve this great goal, what determines everything is to have cadres and a sufficient number of outstanding scientific and technical experts; at the same time, we must continue to consolidate and expand the people's democratic united front and unite all possible forces. The people of our country must also unite with the people of other countries in the world and strive to maintain world peace.
Mao Zedong's "The purpose of the socialist revolution is to liberate the productive forces" (1956Year1Month25日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume2page
Making good use of and developing the old industrial base along the coast will give us more strength to develop and support inland industry. If we adopt a negative attitude, it will hinder the rapid development of mainland industry. So this is also a question of whether the development of mainland industry is a real idea or a hypothetical one. If this is a real idea, not an illusion, we must make more use of and develop coastal industries, especially light industry.
Mao Zedong's "On Ten Major Relationships" (1956Year4Month25日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume26page
The relationship between the state and factories and cooperatives, and the relationship between factories, cooperatives and individual producers, both relationships must be properly handled. For this reason, we cannot just focus on one aspect, but must take into account the three aspects of the country, the collective and the individual, which is what we used to say“Attention to both military and civilian matters”、“Balance between public and private matters”。
Mao Zedong's "On Ten Major Relationships" (1956Year4Month25日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume28page
We have always advocated hard work and opposed putting personal material interests above all else. At the same time, we have always advocated caring for the lives of the masses and opposed bureaucracy that does not care about the masses' pain.
Mao Zedong's "On Ten Major Relationships" (1956Year4Month25日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume28page
The relationship between the central and local governments is also a contradiction. To resolve this contradiction, what we need to pay attention to now is that on the premise of consolidating the unified leadership of the central government, we should expand the power of local governments, give them more independence, and let them do more things. This is more beneficial to us in building a strong socialist country. Our country is so big, the population is so large, and the situation is so complicated. It is much better to have two initiatives, the central and local governments, than just one initiative.
Mao Zedong's "On Ten Major Relationships" (1956Year4Month25日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume31page
In order to build a strong socialist country, there must be strong unified leadership from the central government, unified planning and unified discipline across the country. It is not allowed to destroy this necessary unity. At the same time, we must give full play to the initiative of local governments, and each region must have special features suitable for local conditions.
Mao Zedong's "On Ten Major Relationships" (1956Year4Month25日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume32page
Our policy is that all nations and countries must learn from their strengths, and all truly good things in politics, economics, science, technology, literature, and art must be learned. However, we must learn analytically and critically, not blindly, or copy everything mechanically.
Mao Zedong's "On Ten Major Relationships" (1956Year4Month25日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume41page
In terms of natural sciences, we are relatively backward, and we must especially strive to learn from foreign countries. But we must also learn critically and not blindly. In terms of technology, I think most of them need to be followed first, because we don't have them yet and don't understand them yet, and it would be more advantageous to learn them.
Mao Zedong's "On Ten Major Relationships" (1956Year4Month25日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume42page
The world is made up of contradictions. Without contradictions there would be no world. Our task is to correctly handle these contradictions. Whether these contradictions can be completely handled in practice requires preparation for two possibilities, and in the process of dealing with these contradictions, we will certainly encounter new contradictions and new problems. But, as we often say, the road is always tortuous and the future is always bright.
Mao Zedong's "On Ten Major Relationships" (1956Year4Month25日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume44page
We must work hard to mobilize all positive factors, direct and indirect positive factors, both inside and outside the party, at home and abroad, to build our country into a strong socialist country.
Mao Zedong's "On Ten Major Relationships" (1956Year4Month25日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume44page
Countries should determine principles and policies based on their own national characteristics and combine Marxism with their own national characteristics. China's experience includes both good and bad experiences, successes and failures. Even good experience may not be suitable for the specific conditions of other countries. Copying is very dangerous. Successful experience is successful in this country, but if it is copied exactly the same in another country based on the situation of the country, it will lead to failure. You will suffer losses if you copy the experience of other countries, and you will definitely be fooled if you copy it. This is an important international experience.
Mao Zedong's "We must unite all forces that can be united" (1956Year4Month29日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume64page
Revolution is to clear the way for construction. Revolution changes the relations of production and the superstructure, changes the economic system, and changes the superstructure of government, ideology, law, politics, culture, and art, but the purpose is not to establish a new government or a new production relationship, but to develop production.
Mao Zedong's "Conversations with Business People" (1956Year12Month8日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume182page
Make an overall plan and give everyone their proper place. This has always been our policy.
Mao Zedong's "Speech at the Conference of Party Committee Secretaries of Provinces, Municipalities and Autonomous Regions" (1957Year1Month27日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume186page
The whole party must pay attention to agriculture. Agriculture has a great bearing on the national economy and people's livelihood.
Mao Zedong's "Speech at the Meeting of Party Committee Secretaries of Provinces, Municipalities and Autonomous Regions" (1957Year1Month27日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume199page
We must act according to dialectics. This is what Comrade Deng Xiaoping said. In my opinion, the whole party must learn dialectics and advocate acting in accordance with dialectics.
Mao Zedong's "Speech at the Conference of Party Committee Secretaries of Provinces, Municipalities and Autonomous Regions" (1957Year1Month27日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume200page
Top ten relationships:
(1) The relationship between emphasis and neglect, and agriculture
(2) Relationship between coastal areas and inland areas
(3) Economic and defense relations
(4) The state, production units (factories, cooperatives) and individualsRelationship
(5) Relationship between the central government and local governments
(6) Relations between Han and ethnic minorities
(7) Relations between the Communist Party and democratic parties and others (long-termCoexistence)
(8) Relationship between the enemy and ourselves
(9) The relationship among the people (the relationship between right and wrong), the relationship between one family and a hundred schools of thought (the contention of a hundred schools of thought)
(10) Relations between China and foreign countries
Mao Zedong's "How to Handle Contradictions Among the People (Speech Outline)" (1957Year2month), "Mao Zedong's Manuscripts since the Founding of the People's Republic of China" No.6Volume314-315page
In a socialist society, the basic contradiction is still the contradiction between production relations and productivity, and the contradiction between the superstructure and the economic base. However, these contradictions in socialist society are fundamentally different in nature and situation from the contradictions between production relations and productive forces, and the contradictions between the superstructure and the economic base in the old society. Our country's current social system is much superior to that of the old era. Without victory, the old system will not be overthrown and a new system will not be established. The so-called socialist production relations are more suitable for the development of productive forces than the production relations of the old era. This refers to a situation that allows the productive forces to develop rapidly at a speed that was not seen in the old society, so that production continues to expand, so that the people's growing needs can be gradually satisfied.
Mao Zedong's "On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People" (1957Year2Month27日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume214page
Socialist production relations have been established, which are compatible with the development of productive forces; however, they are still very imperfect, and these imperfect aspects are contradictory to the development of productive forces. In addition to the compatibility and contradiction between production relations and the development of productive forces, there is also the compatibility and contradiction between the superstructure and the economic base. The national system and laws of the people's democratic dictatorship, and the socialist ideology guided by Marxism-Leninism, these superstructures have played a positive role in promoting the victory of my country's socialist transformation and the establishment of socialist labor organizations. They are compatible with the economic foundation of socialism, that is, the socialist production relations; however, the existence of bourgeois ideology, the existence of certain bureaucratic styles in state institutions, and the existence of defects in certain links in the national system are in conflict with the economic foundation of socialism. In the future, we must continue to resolve the above-mentioned contradictions according to specific circumstances. Of course, after these contradictions are resolved, new problems and contradictions will arise, and people will need to solve them.
Mao Zedong's "On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People" (1957Year2Month27日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume215page
Our country has an agricultural population of more than 500 million. The situation of farmers has a great bearing on the development of our country's economy and the consolidation of political power.
Mao Zedong's "On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People" (1957Year2Month27日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume219page
The growth of any new thing must go through difficulties and twists and turns. In the cause of socialism, the idea that it will always be smooth sailing and success will be easy without going through hardships and twists and exerting great efforts is just an illusion.
Mao Zedong's "On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People" (1957Year2Month27日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume220page
When it comes to distribution issues, we must take into account national interests, collective interests and personal interests. The relationship between the state's taxation, cooperative accumulation, and farmers' personal income must be handled appropriately, and constant attention must be paid to adjusting the contradictions among them.
Mao Zedong's "On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People" (1957Year2Month27日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume221page
The overall planning and consideration mentioned here refers to the overall planning and consideration of a population of 600 million. When we make plans, handle affairs, and think about problems, we must start from the fact that our country has a population of 600 million. We must never forget this.
Mao Zedong's "On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People" (1957Year2Month27日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume227-228page
Our construction undertakings in all aspects are developing vigorously and have achieved great results. However, in the current transitional period of great social changes, there are still many difficult problems. Development and difficulty, this is a contradiction. Any conflicts not only need to be resolved, but can also be resolved. Our policy is to make overall arrangements and make appropriate arrangements. Regardless of food issues, famine issues, employment issues, education issues, intellectual issues, united front issues of various patriotic forces, ethnic minority issues, and other issues, we must proceed from the perspective of overall consideration of all people, and make various appropriate arrangements in consultation with people from all walks of life based on the actual possible conditions of the place at that time.
Mao Zedong's "On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People" (1957Year2Month27日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume228page
The policy of letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend is a policy that promotes the development of art and scientific progress, and a policy that promotes the prosperity of our country's socialist culture. In art different forms and styles can develop freely, and in science different schools can argue freely. To use administrative power to enforce one style, one w88 casino of thought, and to prohibit another style, another w88 casino of thought, we believe would be detrimental to the development of art and science.
Mao Zedong's "On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People" (1957Year2Month27日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume229page
We must make all cadres and all the people always think that our country is a big socialist country, but it is also an economically backward and poor country. This is a big contradiction. To make our country prosperous and strong, it will take decades of hard work, including the implementation of the policy of building the country through diligence and thrift, which includes practicing strict economy and opposing waste.
Mao Zedong's "On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People" (1957Year2Month27日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume240page
Our country is a large agricultural country, and the rural population accounts for more than 80% of the country's population. The development of industry must be developed simultaneously with the development of agriculture. Only then can industry have raw materials and markets, and only then can it be possible to accumulate more funds for the establishment of a strong heavy industry. As we all know, light industry and agriculture are closely related. Without agriculture, there would be no light industry. It is not yet clear to people that heavy industry should rely on agriculture as an important market. However, with the gradual development of agricultural technological reform and the increasing modernization of agriculture, the number of machinery, fertilizers, water conservancy construction, electric power construction, transportation construction, civil fuel, civil building materials, etc. that serve agriculture will increase day by day. It will be easy for people to understand that heavy industry uses agriculture as an important market.
Mao Zedong's "On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People" (1957Year2Month27日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume241page
There are so many people in our country that no other country in the world has. We must promote birth control and have planned births.
Mao Zedong’s speech at the 11th Session of the Supreme State Council (1957Year2Month27日), "Special Excerpts from Mao Zedong's Works" (Part 1)970page
Our goal is to create a political situation that has both centralism and democracy, both discipline and freedom, a unified will, and personal comfort and liveliness, which is conducive to the socialist revolution and socialist construction, makes it easier to overcome difficulties, builds our country's modern industry and modern agriculture faster, and makes the party and the country stronger and more able to withstand risks. Mao Zedong's "The Situation in the Summer of 1957" (1957Year7month), "Mao Zedong's Manuscripts since the Founding of the People's Republic of China" No.6Volume543page
Communist Party members must be good at discussing things with the masses and never leave the masses at any time. The relationship between the party and the masses is like the relationship between fish and water. If the relationship between the party and the masses is not good, the socialist system will not be built; once the socialist system is built, it will not be consolidated.
Mao Zedong's "The Situation in the Summer of 1957" (1957Year7month), "Mao Zedong's Manuscripts since the Founding of the People's Republic of China" No.6Volume547page
It is necessary to develop industry and agriculture simultaneously, and gradually establish modern industry and modern agriculture. In the past, we often talked about building our country into an industrial country, which actually included the modernization of agriculture.
Mao Zedong's "On Agricultural Issues" (1957Year10Month9日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.7Volume310page
We must care about the interests of the people every day and every moment, and always think that our policies and measures must be suitable for the current level of consciousness of the people and the current urgent needs of the people. Anything that violates these two items will definitely not work and will definitely fail.
Mao Zedong's "Intra-Party Correspondence" (1959Year3Month17日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume33page
It should be noted that our country is a big country with a population of 650 million, and eating is the first important thing.
Mao Zedong's "Intra-Party Correspondence" (1959Year4Month29日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume49page
If we don’t understand the natural world, or if we don’t understand it clearly, we will hit a wall, and nature will punish us and resist.
Mao Zedong's "Economic construction is science, we must study it honestly" (1959Year6Month11日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume72page
The revolutionary cause is not easy, it is science, and economic construction is also science.
Mao Zedong's "Economic construction is science, we must study it honestly" (1959Year6Month11日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume72page
A very important issue in socialist construction is comprehensive balance. For example, socialist construction requires various things such as steel and iron. If one is missing, a comprehensive balance cannot be achieved.
Mao Zedong's "Economic construction is science, we must study it honestly" (1959Year6Month11日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume73page
In the entire economy, balance is a fundamental issue. Only with comprehensive balance can we have a mass line.
There are three kinds of balance: the balance of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline production, and fishery within agriculture; the balance of various departments and links within industry; and the balance of industry and agriculture. The proportional relationship of the entire national economy is a comprehensive balance based on these foundations.
Mao Zedong's "Eighteen Issues Discussed at the Lushan Conference" (1959Year6Month29日、7Month2日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume80page
We must be able to have vegetables to eat, oil to eat, pigs to eat, fish to eat, vegetables to eat, cattle to eat, sheep to eat, chickens, ducks, geese, rabbits to eat, and eggs to eat. We should have the ambition and determination to accomplish this socialist cause of great political and economic significance, and we should also have the confidence to accomplish this thing. Everything is for the benefit of the people.
Mao Zedong's "Development of Commerce and Non-staple Food Production" (1959Year7Month4日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume70page
The books of Marx and other ancestors must be read, and their basic principles must be followed. This is the first thing. However, the Communist Party of any country and the ideological circles of any country must create new theories, write new works, and produce their own theorists to serve the current politics. Relying on the ancestors alone is not enough.
Mao Zedong's "Talk on Reading the Soviet Union's "Political Economics Textbook" (Excerpt)" (1959Year12Month—1960Year2month), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume109page
The stage of socialism may be divided into two stages. The first stage is underdeveloped socialism, and the second stage is relatively developed socialism. The latter stage may take longer than the previous stage.
Mao Zedong's "Talk on Reading the Soviet Union's "Political Economics Textbook" (Excerpt)" (1959Year12Month—1960Year2month), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume116page
To build socialism, the original requirements were industrial modernization, agricultural modernization, scientific and cultural modernization, and now we need to add national defense modernization. In a country like ours, completing the construction of socialism is an arduous task. Don’t talk about building socialism too early.
Mao Zedong's "Talk on Reading the Soviet Union's "Political Economics Textbook" (Excerpt)" (1959Year12Month—1960Year2month), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume116page
The proportion must always be maintained because imbalance often occurs. Because it was out of proportion, proportional tasks were proposed. Balanced yet unbalanced, proportional yet out of proportion, this contradiction is constant and will always exist.
Mao Zedong's "Talk on Reading the Soviet Union's "Political Economics Textbook" (Excerpt)" (1959Year12Month—1960Year2month), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume119page
To improve labor productivity, we rely on material technology, culture and education, and political and ideological work.
Mao Zedong's "Talk on Reading the Soviet Union's "Political Economics Textbook" (Excerpt)" (1959Year12Month—1960Year2month), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume124-125page
People’s needs in life are constantly growing. Needs stimulate the continuous development of production, and production constantly creates new needs. Mao Zedong's "Talk on Reading the Soviet Union's "Political Economics Textbook" (Excerpt)" (1959Year12Month—1960Year2month), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume137page
The technological innovation and technological revolution movement has now become a great movement. It is urgent to summarize experience, strengthen leadership, solve problems in the movement in a timely manner, and guide the movement to the correct, scientific, and national track.
Mao Zedong "Strengthening Leadership for Technological Innovation and Technological Revolutionary Movements" (1960Year3Month18日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume152-153page
We are still very blind to the revolution and construction in the socialist period, and there is also a large unrecognized realm of necessity, which we have not yet fully understood. We must spend the next ten years investigating it, studying it, and finding out its inherent laws so that we can use these laws to serve the socialist revolution and construction.
Mao Zedong's "The Initiative Comes from Seeking Truth from Facts" (1960Year6Month18日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume198page
Without democracy, it is impossible to sum up experience correctly. Without democracy, if opinions do not come from the masses, it is impossible to formulate good lines, principles, policies and methods.
Mao Zedong's "Speech at the Enlarged Central Work Conference" (1962Year1Month30日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume294page
There must be a process for understanding the laws of building socialism. We must proceed from practice, from having no experience to having experience, from having less experience to having more experience, from building socialism, the unrecognized kingdom of necessity, to gradually overcoming blindness, understanding objective laws, and thus gaining freedom, making a leap in understanding and reaching the kingdom of freedom.
Mao Zedong's "Speech at the Enlarged Central Working Conference" (1962Year1Month30日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume300page
Comparing socialism with capitalism, there are many advantages. Our country’s economic development will be much faster than that of capitalist countries. However, China has a large population, a weak economic foundation, and a backward economy. It will take less than a hundred years for China to greatly develop its productive forces and catch up with and surpass the most advanced capitalist countries in the world. I think it is impossible. Perhaps it can be done in just a few decades, such as the fifty years some envision. Sure enough, thank God, wouldn't it be great. But I advise comrades to think more about the difficulties and therefore think longer. It took more than three hundred years to build a strong capitalist economy. In our country, we will build a strong socialist economy within fifty years to one hundred years. So what’s wrong with that??
Mao Zedong's "Speech at the Enlarged Central Working Conference" (1962Year1Month30日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume302page
In terms of socialist construction, our entire party has very insufficient knowledge. We should accumulate experience, study hard, and gradually deepen our understanding of it in practice and clarify its laws in the next period of time. We must work hard and investigate it and study it in earnest.
Mao Zedong's "Speech at the Enlarged Central Work Conference" (1962Year1Month30日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume303page
Social practice is the only criterion for testing truth.
Mao Zedong's "Criticisms and Revisions of the Five Commentaries on the Open Letter of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union" (1963Year11Month18日), "Mao Zedong's Manuscripts since the Founding of the People's Republic of China" No.10Volume414page
The battle between science and technology must be fought, and it must be fought well. In the past, we were fighting a battle for the superstructure, building a people's political power and a people's army. What are these superstructures for??It is to engage in production. The purpose of developing superstructure and relations of production is to liberate productive forces. Now that production relations have changed, productivity must be improved. Without science and technology, productivity cannot be improved.
Mao Zedong's "Without science and technology, productivity cannot be improved" (1963Year12Month16日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume351page
Construction also has objective laws. If you do too much, it won’t work. You can only do as many things as you have as much money as you have. Money is also the value created by workers and farmers. Even if you have money, you still have to concentrate on fighting a war of annihilation.
Mao Zedong's "Interviews (Excerpt) When the Leading Group of the State Planning Commission Reported on the Idea of the Third Five-Year Plan" (1964Year5Month10日、11Day), "Selected Important Documents Since the Founding of the People's Republic of China" No.18Volume560page
We cannot follow the old path of technological development in various countries around the world and crawl step by step behind others. We must break the rules, use advanced technology as much as possible, and build our country into a socialist modern power within a relatively short historical period.
Mao Zedong's "Building my country into a Modern and Powerful Socialist Country" (1964Year12Month13日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume341page
Human beings are always developing, and nature is also always developing, and will never stop at the same level. Therefore, human beings must constantly summarize experience, make discoveries, inventions, create, and make progress. Arguments for cessation, arguments for pessimism, arguments for inaction and complacency are all wrong. It is wrong because these arguments do not conform to the historical facts of the development of human society for about one million years, nor do they conform to the historical facts of nature as we know it so far (such as the history of celestial bodies, the history of the earth, the history of biology, and the nature reflected in the history of various other natural sciences).
Mao Zedong's "Studying the Epistemology and Dialectics of Marxism" (1964Year12Month13日), "Collected Works of Mao Zedong" No.8Volume325page
