"Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping and Jiang Zemin on Scientific Development"
(Serial 4)
Jiang Zemin on scientific development (1）
Our party has formulated and formed a line and a series of basic policies for building socialism with Chinese characteristics. In summary, what Comrade Xiaoping pointed out many times and emphasized again recently is to focus on economic construction, adhere to the four basic principles, and persist in reform and opening up. This is the fundamental and solid foundation for our confidence in doing a good job. This time the central leadership has made some personnel adjustments, but the line and basic policies since the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Party have not changed and must continue to be implemented. On this most basic issue, I want to say two things very clearly: one is to be firm and unwavering; the other is to implement it comprehensively and consistently.
Jiang Zemin’s “Speech at the Fourth Plenary Session of the Thirteenth Central Committee of the Party” (1989Year6month24日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.1Volume57page
Our reform is the self-improvement and development of the socialist system. The purpose is to give full play to the advantages of the socialist system, promote the development of social productive forces and promote the overall progress of society. Reform must not only overcome the shortcomings of the past system, but also inherit and carry forward the good experience, good practices and good traditions we have formed in the long-term revolution and construction, and constantly create new things to adapt to new historical conditions. If we do not resolutely change those systems and methods that do not meet the requirements of the development of social productive forces and eliminate the shortcomings of the past system, our cause will not be able to move forward.
Jiang Zemin’s “Speech at the Closing Session of the Seventh Plenary Session of the Thirteenth Central Committee of the Party” (1990Year12month30日), "Selected Documents Since the Thirteenth National Congress"(中)No.1431page
It is necessary to correctly handle various interest relationships through reform, such as the interest relationships between the central and local governments, coastal and inland, urban and rural areas, large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises and other enterprises, as well as the overall and local, long-term and immediate, national, collective and individual interest relationships. Reform will certainly involve these interests. The basic principle should be to proceed from the common interests of the people of the country, make overall plans, make appropriate arrangements, and give full play to the advantages of the socialist system in mobilizing positive factors and stimulating creative spirits in all aspects, and in being able to concentrate the necessary human, material and financial resources to do some major things. This means that we must not only take care of the interests of all parties, but also insist that local interests are subordinated to overall interests, and immediate interests are subordinated to long-term interests.
Jiang Zemin’s “Speech at the Closing Session of the Seventh Plenary Session of the Thirteenth Central Committee of the Party” (1990Year12month30日), "Selected Documents Since the Thirteenth National Congress"(中)No.1431-1432page
To build the economy, politics, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics, we must adhere to the general policy of reform and opening up on the premise of adhering to the four basic principles. Only through reform can the advantages of the socialist system be more fully brought into play. Since the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the great achievements we have made in all aspects are inseparable from reform and opening up. The basic requirements for building a socialist economy, politics, and culture with Chinese characteristics that we have determined must be thoroughly implemented into actual life, made concrete and institutionalized, and must be achieved through reform. In the process of achieving the second-step strategic goal and laying a solid foundation for achieving the third-step strategic goal, we are faced with a large number of new problems, all of which need to be solved in the spirit of reform. Our reform is a complex and huge systematic project, including reforms in the economy, politics, education, science and technology, cultural system and other aspects, which need to be coordinated and carried out in a coordinated manner.
Jiang Zemin's "The Solemn Mission of Contemporary Chinese Communists"(1991Year 7Month 1日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.1Volume162page
At present, we must seize favorable opportunities and accelerate development. If conditions permit, we should do it faster. As long as it is of high quality, good efficiency, and adapted to changes in domestic and foreign market demands, we should encourage development. We must insist on proceeding from reality, pay attention to doing what we can, and achieve a comprehensive balance. We should not rush into the situation as soon as we talk about accelerating development, and go down the old path of ignoring efficiency, one-sided pursuit of output value, competing for comparison, blindly launching new projects, and blindly expanding the scale of infrastructure construction. We must work hard, work boldly and meticulously, work together to accomplish several major events, and find a path to develop the national economy with both higher speed and better efficiency.
Jiang Zemin "Accelerate the pace of reform, opening up and modernization and strive for greater victory in the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics"(1992Year 10Month 12日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.1Volume225page
The socialist market economic system we want to establish is to make the market play a fundamental role in resource allocation under the macro-control of the socialist country, so that economic activities follow the requirements of the law of value and adapt to changes in supply and demand; through the functions of price levers and competition mechanisms, resources are allocated to links with better benefits, and pressure and motivation are given to enterprises to achieve the survival of the fittest; the market's advantage of being more responsive to various economic signals is used to promote the timely coordination of production and demand. At the same time, we must also realize that the market has its own weaknesses and negative aspects, and the country's macroeconomic control must be strengthened and improved.
Jiang Zemin "Accelerate the pace of reform, opening up and modernization and strive for greater victory in the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics"(1992Year 10Month 12日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.1Volume226-227page
The area of opening up to the outside world must be expanded to form a multi-level, multi-channel, and all-round opening pattern. Continue to run the special economic zones, coastal open cities and coastal economic open zones successfully. We will expand opening-up to border areas and accelerate the opening-up of inland provinces and autonomous regions. Taking the development and opening of Pudong in Shanghai as the leader, we will further open up the cities along the Yangtze River, build Shanghai into one of the international economic, financial, and w88 centers as soon as possible, and drive a new economic leap forward in the Yangtze River Delta and the entire Yangtze River Basin region. Accelerate the opening up and development of Guangdong, Fujian, Hainan, and the Bohai Rim region. We will strive to make Guangdong and other qualified places become regions that have basically realized modernization in our country after twenty years of hard work.
Jiang Zemin "Accelerate the pace of reform, opening up and modernization and strive for greater victory in the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics"(1992Year 10Month 12日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.1Volume230page
Science and technology are the primary productive forces. To revitalize the economy, we must first revitalize science and technology. Only by firmly promoting scientific and technological progress can we take the initiative in the fierce competition. At present, our country's economy is facing the major tasks of accelerating development, adjusting structure, and improving efficiency. In particular, it is necessary for the whole society to improve scientific and technological awareness, increase scientific and technological investment in many aspects, and truly rely on scientific and technological progress. Scientific and technological work must be oriented to the main battlefield of economic construction, rationally allocate forces in the three aspects of development research, high-tech and its industries, and basic research, and determine the goals of climbing to the top. In the world's high-tech fields, the Chinese nation must occupy its due position. By deepening reform, we will establish and improve the mechanism for the effective integration of science and technology and economy, and accelerate the commercialization of scientific and technological achievements and their transformation into real productivity. Continuously improve the system for protecting intellectual property rights. We should conscientiously grasp the digestion, absorption and innovation of introduced advanced technologies. Efforts should be made to increase the proportion of scientific and technological progress in economic growth and promote the transformation of the entire economy from extensive management to intensive management.
Jiang Zemin "Accelerate the pace of reform, opening up and modernization and strive for greater victory in the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics"(1992Year 10Month 12日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.1Volume232-233page
Our socialist modernization drive is still in the arduous entrepreneurial period. Great entrepreneurial practice requires the support and encouragement of a great entrepreneurial spirit. Emancipate the mind, seek truth from facts, actively explore and be brave in innovation, work hard and advance despite difficulties, learn from foreign countries and strive for self-improvement, be modest and prudent, not arrogant and impetuous, be of one mind and heart, take into account the overall situation, be diligent and thrifty, honest and honest, work hard and make selfless contributions. These should become the entrepreneurial spirit that we should vigorously advocate and carry forward when we promote modernization in the new era. The core and essence of these spirits are emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts, which Comrade Deng Xiaoping has repeatedly advocated and discussed.
Jiang Zemin's "Speech at the First Session of the Eighth National People's Congress" (1993Year3month31日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.1Volume301page
Developing the economy cannot only rely on external methods such as increasing investment, expanding scale, building businesses, and launching projects to develop new production capabilities. Our current financial resources are limited, and the use of foreign capital must also be matched by domestic funds, which is also limited. Relying on issuing banknotes for development will inevitably lead to inflation. In the end, it will require a sudden brake and rectification. This situation has occurred several times since the founding of the People's Republic of China. What needs to be more careful and vigilant is that funds cannot be used to create a bubble economy. This has been learned and suffered in foreign countries. Economic development must focus on existing capabilities. On this basis, through technological progress, develop new products, strengthen scientific management, and reduce material consumption, thereby improving labor productivity. Only when labor productivity increases, the wealth created increases, people's income increases, and the market expands can we solidly promote economic development.
Jiang Zemin "The national macro-control system is an important part of the socialist market economic system" (1993Year8month27日), "On Socialist Market Economy" No.116-117page
Our country is a unified socialist country. Although the development of various regions is uneven, it is economically a whole, supporting each other, interrelated, influencing and restricting each other, and the fundamental interests are consistent. I often liken the development of our career to be like a moving ship, with both the central government and local governments on board. All regions and departments must work together in the same boat. No one can stay outside the whole. No one can emphasize that this place must be special, and no one can only care about themselves and ignore others. If the boat capsizes, everyone will suffer. Only when everyone realizes this truth can our ship be able to brave the wind and waves and move forward victoriously.
Jiang Zemin "The national macro-control system is an important part of the socialist market economic system" (1993Year8month27日), "On Socialist Market Economy" No.117page
In the process of establishing a socialist market economic system, we must continue to unswervingly implement the policy of basing agriculture on agriculture and unswervingly put agriculture at the top of economic work. The more we accelerate reform and opening up, the more we must pay attention to, protect and strengthen agriculture. Strengthen the foundation of agriculture in a real and not superficial way, in practice and not in words, and wholeheartedly and not half-heartedly. In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was necessary to implement the strategy of developing industry based on agricultural accumulation. Now that the conditions are different, the structure should be adjusted, including adjusting the structure of capital construction investment, budgetary funds, and credit funds. We would rather temporarily skip a few industrial projects, but also ensure the urgent needs of agricultural development. In particular, we must ensure the production and supply of major agricultural products, ensure the continuous improvement of agricultural infrastructure construction, and ensure rapid progress in the development and construction of poor areas. On the premise of ensuring the sustained and stable development of agriculture, the scale and speed of development of the entire national economy should be arranged, and the proportion of funds invested in the two major categories of industry and agriculture should be arranged.
Jiang Zemin "We must always attach great importance to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers' issues" (1993Year10month18日), "On Socialist Market Economy" No.144page
Adhering to both material and spiritual civilization is an important strategic policy throughout the entire process of socialist modernization. The more vigorously we develop the socialist market economy, the more we must effectively strengthen the construction of spiritual civilization, prosper education, science, and cultural undertakings, strengthen the people's correct ideological and moral arm, carry forward the lofty national integrity, and maintain good social order and social customs. Only in this way can we provide strong impetus and important guarantee for the construction of material civilization and ensure the all-round development of socialism with Chinese characteristics.
Jiang Zemin's "Putting the People First"(1994Year 1Month 1日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.1Volume364page
Reform, development, and stability are like three closely related strategic chess pieces on the chessboard of my country's modernization drive. If each move is played well and promotes each other, the overall situation will be alive; if one move is not played well, the other two moves will be in trouble, and the overall situation may be frustrated. Therefore, grasping the relationship between reform, development and stability is an important leadership art in modernization construction.
Jiang Zemin's "Speech at the Shanghai Delegation Forum at the Second Session of the Eighth National People's Congress" (1994Year3month11日), "Jiang Zemin on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics" (Special Excerpt) No.211page
In a country like ours with a population of nearly 1.2 billion, relatively insufficient resources, and relatively backward economy and culture, what can we rely on to achieve the grand goal of socialist modernization? One of decisive significance is to shift economic construction to the track of relying on scientific and technological progress and improving the quality of workers, truly placing education in a strategic position of priority development, and striving to improve the ideological and moral quality and scientific and cultural quality of the entire nation. This is the fundamental plan to realize our country's modernization.
Jiang Zemin's "The Hope of Revitalizing the Nation lies in Education"(1994Year 6Month 14日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.1Volume369page
The issues of agriculture, rural areas and farmers are related to the overall situation of reform, opening up and socialist modernization, to the consolidation of the party’s ruling status, and to the long-term peace and stability of the country. This is not only a major economic issue, but also a major political issue.
Jiang Zemin's "Speech when meeting with all comrades of the National Rural Grassroots Organization Construction Work Conference" (1994Year10month29日), "Jiang Zemin on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics" (Special Excerpt) No.120page
We are engaged in a socialist market economy,“Socialism”These words are indispensable. They are not redundant or superfluous, but on the contrary, they are the finishing touch. so called“The finishing touch”, is to point out the nature of our market economy. The Western market economy is in line with socialized large-scale production and the general laws of the market. There is no doubt that we should actively learn and learn from it. This is the common point; but the Western market economy is developed under the capitalist system, and our market economy is developed under the socialist system. This is the difference, and our creativity and characteristics are reflected here.
Jiang Zemin's "The socialist market economic system is integrated with the basic socialist system" (1994Year12month9日—14Day), "On Socialist Market Economy" No.203page
To maintain sustained, rapid and healthy development of the national economy, the word health is very important. It contains many contents, for example, it requires high quality, low cost, excellent technology, good product performance, etc. We must always adhere to these six words of sustainability, rapidity and health. This is the only correct way for the smooth operation of our country's economy, which has been established through years of positive and negative experience. This path is hard-won! Everyone must have a deep understanding, comprehensive grasp, and act accordingly without hesitation. These six words are a unified whole that complement each other. Health is the guarantee of continuity and rapidity. If it is unhealthy and severe economic overheating and inflation occur, continuity and rapidity will be interrupted. The purpose of adhering to these six words is to avoid and reduce twists and turns in economic work, boost our country's economy as soon as possible, and better build socialism with Chinese characteristics.
Jiang Zemin's "Promoting Sustained, Rapid and Healthy Development of the National Economy" (1994Year12month9日—14Day), "On Socialist Market Economy" No.207page
The population issue is not just a matter of quantity, but also includes issues such as population quality, population structure and distribution. It is necessary to integrate family planning work with work in developing the economy, eradicating poverty, protecting the ecological environment, rationally developing and utilizing resources, popularizing culture and education, developing medical and health services, improving the status of women, and improving social security, and make overall plans and comprehensive considerations to achieve mutual promotion and coordinated development. Efforts should be made to improve the people's material and cultural living standards, as well as their moral cultivation and physical and mental health, protect the people's legitimate rights and interests, and promote the all-round development and improvement of national quality. We must not only properly handle the relationship between contemporary population and development, but also create a better environment for survival and development for future generations. This is the responsibility entrusted to us by history.
Jiang Zemin’s “Speech at the Central Forum on Family Planning” (1995Year3month18日), "Jiang Zemin on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics" (Special Excerpt) No.287-288page
Rejuvenating the country through science and education means comprehensively implementing the idea that science and technology are the primary productive forces, adhering to education as the foundation, placing science and technology and education in an important position in economic and social development, enhancing the country's scientific and technological strength and its ability to transform into real productive forces, improving the scientific and technological cultural quality of the entire nation, shifting economic construction to a track that relies on scientific and technological progress and improving the quality of workers, and accelerating the realization of national prosperity. This is achieved successfully“Three steps”The correct choice of strategic goals.
Jiang Zemin’s “Implementing the Strategy of Rejuvenating the Nation through Science and Education” (1995Year5month26日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.1Volume428page
Reform, development and stability are inseparably linked. Development is the last word. The key for China to solve all problems lies in its own development. Strengthening comprehensive national strength and improving people's lives; consolidating and improving the socialist system and maintaining a stable situation; withstanding the pressure of hegemonism and power politics, safeguarding national sovereignty and independence; fundamentally getting rid of economic backwardness and joining the world's modern countries are all inseparable from development. In the next fifteen years, we have sufficient conditions to continue to achieve relatively rapid economic growth. We must seize opportunities, cherish opportunities, make good use of them, and accelerate development. Reform is a powerful driving force for economic and social development and is intended to further liberate and develop productive forces. The great achievements in economic construction in the past seventeen years were achieved during the reform. The key to achieving the goals for the next fifteen years still lies in deepening reforms. Reform is the self-improvement and development of the socialist system. Its decisive role is not only to solve some major problems in the current economic and social development and promote the liberation and development of social productive forces, but also to lay a solid foundation for my country's sustained economic development and long-term stability of the country in the next century. Stability is the prerequisite for development and reform. Development and reform must have a stable political and social environment. This is a consensus we have only achieved at a cost. We are currently in a period of economic system transition. The transformation of people's ideological concepts requires a process. Interest relationships in various aspects have changed greatly, and various contradictions may become more prominent. Maintaining stability is of greater practical significance. Without a stable political and social environment, nothing can be discussed, and no matter how good the plan or plan is, it will be difficult to realize it.
Jiang Zemin's "Correctly Handling Several Major Relationships in Socialist Modernization" (1995Year9month28日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.1Volume461page
To correctly handle the relationship between speed and efficiency, we must update our development ideas and realize the transformation of economic growth mode from extensive to intensive. The basic requirement for this transformation is to shift from relying mainly on increasing investment, opening new stalls, and pursuing quantity to relying mainly on scientific and technological progress and improving the quality of workers, and moving to a track centered on economic benefits.
Jiang Zemin's "Correctly Handling Several Major Relationships in Socialist Modernization" (1995Year9month28日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.1Volume462page
In the process of modernization, sustainable development must be regarded as a major strategy. We must put population control, resource conservation, and environmental protection in an important position, so that population growth is compatible with the development of social productivity, and economic construction is coordinated with resources and the environment to achieve a virtuous cycle.
Jiang Zemin's "Correctly Handling Several Major Relationships in Socialist Modernization" (1995Year9month28日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.1Volume463page
With the development of the economy, the industrial structure will inevitably be continuously optimized and upgraded, and a reasonable structure of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries that is compatible with the level of social productivity will gradually be formed. This is a common trend in the economic development of various countries, and our country is no exception. Properly handling the relationship between the primary, secondary and tertiary industries is conducive to coordinated economic development and social stability. Since the reform and opening up, my country's primary, secondary and tertiary industries have developed greatly. The main problems at present are that the agricultural foundation is weak, the industrial quality is not high, the development of the tertiary industry is lagging behind, and the relationship between the primary, secondary and tertiary industries is not coordinated. In the future, we must vigorously strengthen the primary industry, adjust and improve the secondary industry, and actively develop the tertiary industry.
Jiang Zemin's "Correctly Handling Several Major Relationships in Socialist Modernization" (1995Year9month28日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.1Volume464page
Achieving common prosperity is the fundamental principle and essential feature of socialism, which must not be shaken. We must use a historical dialectical perspective to understand and deal with the issue of regional disparities. First, we must realize that the uneven development of various regions is a long-term historical phenomenon. Second, we must attach great importance to and take effective measures to correctly solve the problem of regional disparities. Third, solving the problem of regional disparities requires a process. Narrowing regional disparities should be regarded as an important long-term policy.
Jiang Zemin's "Correctly Handling Several Major Relationships in Socialist Modernization" (1995Year9month28日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.1Volume466page
Giving full play to the role of the market mechanism and strengthening macro-control are both basic requirements for establishing a socialist market economic system. Both are indispensable and must not be separated or even opposed. Simply emphasizing one aspect and belittling or ignoring the other aspect is not conducive to the cause of reform and development. We must realize that my country's socialist market economic system is integrated with the basic socialist system. It can bring into play the advantages of both the market economy and the socialist system. It should be better and more effective than Western countries in handling the relationship between market mechanisms and macro-control, current development and long-term development, efficiency and fairness.
Jiang Zemin's "Correctly Handling Several Major Relationships in Socialist Modernization" (1995Year9month28日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.1Volume467page
In the primary stage of socialism, a certain degree of income gap among members of society is inevitable. However, if the gap is large and allowed to widen, it will cause serious consequences in many aspects. We must adhere to the policy of allowing and encouraging some people in some regions to get rich first, and ultimately achieve common prosperity. It is necessary to gradually increase the income of urban and rural residents on the basis of economic development. At the same time, adjusting personal income distribution and preventing polarization must be regarded as a major overall issue. It is necessary to distinguish between different situations and take targeted measures to protect legal income, ban illegal income, adjust excessive income, and protect the basic life of low-income people.
Jiang Zemin's "Correctly Handling Several Major Relationships in Socialist Modernization" (1995Year9month28日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.1Volume470page
When carrying out modernization drive in a large socialist country like ours, we must properly handle the relationship between expanding opening to the outside world and insisting on self-reliance, and put our foothold on relying on our own strength. It is necessary to introduce advanced technology, but it must combine introduction with development and innovation to form its own advantages; it is necessary to use foreign funds, but at the same time, it must pay more attention to its own accumulation. Only in this way can we buy time and accelerate the narrowing of the gap with developed countries. Independence does not mean seclusion, and self-reliance does not mean blind exclusion. When we talk about independence and self-reliance, we definitely do not mean to be insular and engage in construction behind closed doors, but to raise openness to a new and higher level.
Jiang Zemin's "Correctly Handling Several Major Relationships in Socialist Modernization" (1995Year9month28日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.1Volume471page
Giving full play to the initiative of both the central and local governments is an important principle issue in the country's political and economic life. It is directly related to the unity of the country, the unity of the nation and the coordinated development of the national economy. Our country is large, has a large population, the situation is complex, and the economic development of various regions is uneven. Giving local governments the necessary powers will allow them to have more flexibility in adapting to local conditions and unleash their enthusiasm and creativity in developing the economy, which will help enhance the vitality and vitality of the entire economy. At the same time, the national economy is an organic whole. The central government must formulate and implement national laws, principles and policies in order to ensure total balance and structural optimization, maintain the unity of the national market, and promote the orderly operation and coordinated development of the national economy.
Jiang Zemin's "Correctly Handling Several Major Relationships in Socialist Modernization" (1995Year9month28日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.1Volume471-472page
Agriculture is an industry with high social benefits but low comparative benefits. Market regulation alone is not enough. It must be supported and protected through national macro-control. This is also a common practice in many countries in the world. It is necessary to formulate policies to guide the flow of capital and other production factors to agriculture and raise funds for agricultural development from multiple sources. Reasonably adjust the interests of workers and peasants, urban and rural areas, and deal with farmers in accordance with the law of value. Improve the risk fund and reserve adjustment system for major agricultural products to reduce agricultural market risks. Guide the secondary and tertiary industries to strengthen support for agriculture, and gradually form a mechanism that uses industry to supplement agriculture, use industry to build agriculture, and use industry to lead agriculture. Make full use of the favorable conditions of opening up to the outside world and make more use of foreign funds and technology to promote the development of my country's agriculture. From the perspective of agriculture itself, it is necessary to strengthen the development of agriculture through science and education, optimize the internal structure, follow the development path of integrated w88, industry and agriculture, and gradually realize the transformation from extensive management to intensive management, and from low-efficiency agriculture to high-efficiency agriculture.
Jiang Zemin "Unify our thinking, work together, forge ahead, emphasize practical results, and do a good job in economic work next year" (1995Year12month5日), "Jiang Zemin on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics" (Special Excerpt) No.129-130page
To develop high technology, we must always highlight independent innovation. Only by continuously improving our independent innovation capabilities can we reduce our reliance on technology introduction and improve our ability to participate in international market competition. We must set an ambitious goal, that is, we must get rid of our country's high-tech backwardness as soon as possible, strive to research and develop our own competitive high-tech products, strive to create and master our own intellectual property rights, and strive to build a strong national high-tech industry. This is a strategic move related to our economic prosperity, national rejuvenation and national strength.
Jiang Zemin's "Innovation is the Soul of National Progress" (1996Year4month4日), "On Science and Technology" No.71page
In the process of socialist modernization, the implementation of the sustainable development strategy must always be regarded as a major event. The idea of sustainable development originated from environmental protection and has now become the overall strategy guiding economic and social development in many countries around the world. Economic development must be coordinated with population, resources, and the environment. We must not only arrange current development, but also consider future generations and create better conditions for future development. We must not waste resources and pollute first and then treat, let alone eat the food of our ancestors and cut off the future generations.
Jiang Zemin's "Protect the Environment and Implement Sustainable Development Strategy" (1996Year7month16日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.1Volume532page
Carrying out economic risk prevention research is an important task under the new situation. The issue of economic risk prevention is raised to ensure national economic security. This work is mainly to observe, predict, and analyze risks that may be encountered in my country's economic development from a macro, overall, and long-term strategic perspective, and to propose corresponding countermeasures. This is a task of great practical significance and far-reaching significance. It is directly related to the smooth advancement of my country's reform, opening up and modernization, to ensuring my country's economic independence and self-reliance and even the country's sovereignty and security under the conditions of opening up to the outside world, and to safeguarding the fundamental interests of the country, nation and people.
Jiang Zemin's "Preventing Economic Development Risks" (1996Year8month6日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.1Volume537page
A socialist society is a society of all-round development and progress. The history of the development of human society proves that a nation cannot be poor materially or spiritually. Only when it is rich both materially and spiritually can it become a nation with strong vitality and cohesion. If the spiritual civilization construction is done well, people will be united and the spirit will be inspired, economic construction and other undertakings will flourish in an all-round way. If the construction of spiritual civilization is not done well, people will be distracted and the spirit will be decadent, and it will be difficult to do well in economic construction and other undertakings. Socialist spiritual civilization is an important goal for us to carry out reform, opening up, and modernization, and it is also an important guarantee for carrying out reform, opening up, and modernization.
Jiang Zemin’s “Speech at the First Plenary Session of the Central Steering Committee for the Construction of Spiritual Civilization” (1997Year5month26日), "Jiang Zemin on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics" (Special Excerpt) No.382page
Socialism is the primary stage of communism, and China is in the primary stage of socialism, which is the stage of underdevelopment. For a big Eastern country like ours to embark on the road of socialism through New Democracy, this is a great victory. However, when our country entered socialism, it was still far behind developed countries in terms of the level of productivity development. This determines that we must go through a relatively long primary stage under socialism to achieve industrialization and economic socialization, marketization, and modernization. This is an insurmountable historical stage.
Jiang Zemin "Hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and comprehensively advance the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics into the 21st century" (1997Year9month12日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.2Volume13-14page
The primary stage of socialism is a historical stage that gradually gets rid of underdevelopment and basically realizes socialist modernization; it is a stage in which an agricultural country with a large proportion of the agricultural population and mainly relying on manual labor gradually transforms into an industrialized country with a majority of the non-agricultural population and including modern agriculture and modern service industries. The historical stage; it is a historical stage in which the natural economy and semi-natural economy account for a large proportion, gradually transforming into a historical stage with a high degree of economic marketization; it is a historical stage in which a large proportion of the illiterate and semi-illiterate population, science, technology, education and culture are backward, and a stage in which science, technology, education and culture are relatively developed; it is a historical stage in which the poverty-stricken population accounts for a large proportion and the people's living standards are relatively low, and the people's living standards are relatively low. It is a historical stage in which all the people are relatively prosperous; it is a historical stage in which regional economic and cultural imbalances gradually narrow the gap through successive development; it is a historical stage in which a relatively mature and dynamic socialist market economic system, socialist democratic political system and other systems are established and improved through reform and exploration. It is a historical stage in which the broad masses of the people firmly establish the common ideal of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, strive for self-improvement, forge ahead, work hard, build the country with diligence and frugality, and strive to build spiritual civilization while building material civilization; it is a historical stage in which the gap with the advanced level of the world is gradually narrowed, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is realized on the basis of socialism. Such a historical process will take at least a hundred years. As for consolidating and developing the socialist system, it will take much longer and require the unremitting efforts of several generations, a dozen generations, or even dozens of generations.
Jiang Zemin "Hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and comprehensively push the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics into the 21st century" (1997Year9month12日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.2Volume14-15page
Building an economy with socialism with Chinese characteristics means developing a market economy under socialist conditions and continuously liberating and developing productive forces. This requires upholding and improving the basic economic system in which socialist public ownership is the mainstay and multiple ownership economies develop together; upholding and improving the socialist market economic system so that the market plays a fundamental role in resource allocation under national macro-control; upholding and improving various distribution methods with distribution according to work as the mainstay, allowing some people in some regions to get rich first, driving and helping others to become rich, and gradually moving towards common prosperity; upholding and improving opening up to the outside world, and actively participating in international economic cooperation and competition. Ensure the sustained, rapid and healthy development of the national economy and ensure that the people share the fruits of economic prosperity.
Jiang Zemin "Hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and comprehensively push the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics into the 21st century" (1997Year9month12日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.2Volume17page
Building politics with socialism with Chinese characteristics means governing the country in accordance with the law and developing socialist democratic politics under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and on the basis of the people being the masters of the country. This requires upholding and improving the people's democratic dictatorship led by the working class and based on the alliance of workers and peasants; upholding and improving the People's Congress system and the multi-party cooperation, political consultation system and regional ethnic autonomy system led by the Communist Party; developing democracy, improving the legal system, and building a socialist country under the rule of law. Achieve social stability, an honest and efficient government, unity and harmony among people of all ethnic groups in the country, and a lively political situation.
Jiang Zemin "Hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and comprehensively push the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics into the 21st century" (1997Year9month12日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.2Volume17page
To build a socialist culture with Chinese characteristics is to take Marxism as the guide, aim to cultivate citizens with ideals, morality, culture, and discipline, and develop a national, scientific, and popular socialist culture that is oriented to modernization, the world, and the future. This requires persisting in arming the whole party with Deng Xiaoping Theory and educating the people; striving to improve the ideological and moral quality and educational, scientific and cultural level of the whole nation; adhering to the direction of serving the people and socialism and the policy of letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contending, focusing on construction and prospering academic and literary arts. Build a socialist spiritual civilization that is based on China's reality, inherits the fine traditions of history and culture, and absorbs the beneficial achievements of foreign cultures.
Jiang Zemin "Hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and comprehensively push the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics into the 21st century" (1997Year9month12日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.2Volume17-18page
The first ten years from now to the next century are a critical period for our country to achieve the second step of strategic goals and move towards the third step of strategic goals. We must actively promote the fundamental transformation of the economic system and economic growth mode and strive to achieve“Nine Five”Plan and Two0一0The long-term goal of 2011 will lay a solid foundation for basically realizing modernization by the middle of the next century. During this period, establishing a relatively complete socialist market economic system and maintaining the sustained, rapid and healthy development of the national economy are two major issues that must be resolved. It is necessary to adhere to the reform direction of the socialist market economy, make the reform achieve new breakthroughs in some major aspects, and make significant progress in optimizing the economic structure, developing science and technology, and improving the level of opening to the outside world, and truly find a path of coordinated economic development with faster speed, better benefits, and continuous improvement of overall quality.
Jiang Zemin "Hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and comprehensively advance the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics into the 21st century" (1997Year9month12日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.2Volume18-19page
Public ownership as the mainstay and multiple ownership economies developing together is a basic economic system in the primary stage of socialism in my country. The establishment of this system is determined by the nature of socialism and the national conditions in the primary stage: first, our country is a socialist country and must adhere to public ownership as the basis of the socialist economic system; second, our country is in the primary stage of socialism and needs to develop a diverse ownership economy with public ownership as the mainstay; third, everything conforms to“Three are beneficial”All forms of ownership can and should be used to serve socialism.
Jiang Zemin "Hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and comprehensively advance the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics into the 21st century" (1997Year9month12日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.2Volume19page
The forms of public ownership can and should be diversified. All management methods and organizational forms that reflect the laws of socialized production can be boldly used. Efforts should be made to find forms of public ownership that can greatly promote the development of productivity. The joint-stock system is a capital organization form of modern enterprises, which is conducive to the separation of ownership and management rights, and is conducive to improving the operational efficiency of enterprises and capital. It can be used by capitalism and socialism. We cannot generally say whether a joint-stock system is public or private. The key depends on who holds the controlling rights.
Jiang Zemin "Hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and comprehensively advance the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics into the 21st century" (1997Year9month12日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.2Volume20page
State-owned enterprises are the backbone of our country’s national economy. Proper reform of state-owned enterprises is of extremely important significance for establishing a socialist market economic system and consolidating the socialist system.
Jiang Zemin "Hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and comprehensively advance the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics into the 21st century" (1997Year9month12日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.2Volume21page
Opening up to the outside world is a long-term basic national policy. Facing the trend of economic and technological globalization, we must go to the world with a more positive attitude, improve the all-round, multi-level, and wide-ranging opening-up pattern, develop an open economy, enhance international competitiveness, and promote the optimization of economic structure and improvement of the quality of the national economy.
Jiang Zemin "Hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and comprehensively advance the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics into the 21st century" (1997Year9month12日), "Selected Works of Jiang Zemin" No.2Volume26-27page
