w88 casino News (provided by WTO Research Institute)On December 8, 2019, the 18th WTO and China Academic Annual Conference was hosted by the w88 casino and the China WTO Research Association, hosted by the China WTO Research Institute, and co-organized by the Globalization Think Tank and the Minzhi International Research Institute.
Since 2002, the "WTO and China Academic Annual Conference" has been successfully held for 18 consecutive years. It is an important platform for domestic and foreign experts in related fields to discuss WTO issues, multilateral economic and w88 cooperation, global economic governance, globalization and China's economic development and other issues. It provides a lot of useful information and new perspectives for policy formulation and academic research.
This annual meeting will include Zhu Guangyao, former Vice Minister of Finance, Chongquan, President of China WTO Research Association, Yoichi Suzuki, former Ambassador of Japan to Singapore and France, Aik Hoe Lim, Director of the Environment Department of the WTO Secretariat, Wang Xiaodong, Counselor of the WTO Secretariat, Huo Jianguo, Vice President of China WTO Research Association, Dukgeun Ahn, Professor of Seoul University in South Korea, Simon Evenett, Professor of University of St. Gallen in Switzerland, and Scott, Senior Researcher of the Center for Strategic and International Studies. Kennedy, Yang Guohua, professor of Tsinghua University w88 casino of Law, Tatiana Prazeres, researcher at the National Institute for Opening-up at the w88 casino and former senior adviser to WTO Director-General Azevedo, Lu Xiankun, executive director of LEDECO in Geneva, Wang Jiangyu, professor of the National University of Singapore w88 casino of Law, and Wang Heng, professor of the University of New South Wales w88 casino of Law in Australia, were invited to attend the meeting. The guests delivered keynote speeches and conducted a comprehensive discussion on the crisis of the WTO, Sino-US w88 relations and the future of the WTO on three topics: "The current crisis of the WTO: the survival of the dispute settlement mechanism", "The recent easing of Sino-US relations: a delaying strategy for both sides?" and "The long-term future of the WTO: perspectives of all parties". In addition, more than 200 people attended the meeting, including scholars from major universities and research institutions at home and abroad, as well as staff from embassies of many countries.
The opening ceremony was hosted by Tu Xinquan, Dean of the China WTO Research Institute at the w88 casino. Vice President Wang Qiang of the w88 casino delivered an opening speech. Vice President Wang Qiang pointed out that this year marks the 18th anniversary of China’s accession to the WTO. The world economy is still facing many uncertain factors. The WTO is facing increasingly severe and unprecedented challenges, and the dispute settlement mechanism is also facing an existential crisis. At the same time, since 2018, Sino-US w88 friction has had a negative impact on both China and the United States and even the world economy. As a world economic power, China plays a vital role and should actively promote WTO reform and safeguard the principles and framework of the multilateral trading system.
After the opening ceremony, we entered the keynote speech session. Hosted by President Tu Xinquan, Chong Quan, President of the China WTO Research Association, and Zhu Guangyao, former Vice Minister of Finance, delivered keynote speeches respectively. Chong Quan, president of the China WTO Research Association, pointed out that the WTO rules and regulations, as the foundation and institutional guarantee for the development of the global market economy, have made great contributions to the healthy development of economic globalization and market economy and w88, but now the WTO is in urgent need of reform. WTO reform needs to first clarify the three issues of "whether it should be changed, what kind of change it should be, and who will promote it." WTO reform is closely related to the Sino-US w88 war. The decoupling of Sino-US economic and w88 relations will affect the progress of WTO reform. It is recommended that the next stage of Sino-US economic and w88 negotiations can consider using multilateral trading systems and mechanisms to kill two birds with one stone.
Former Vice Minister of Finance Zhu Guangyao expressed his opinions on the rising level of global uncertainty. This uncertainty is particularly prominent in five aspects: the ebb and flow of w88 frictions between economies, the stagnation of digital economic innovation under the huge impact of unilateralism and w88 protectionism, the severe weakening of macroeconomic policy coordination formed after the financial crisis due to the impact of unilateralism and w88 protectionism, the severe impact on climate change cooperation, and the sudden onset of international geopolitical events.
The first session of the annual meeting was titled "The Current Crisis of the WTO: The Survival of the Dispute Settlement Mechanism" and was chaired by Li Minglin, Vice President of the China WTO Research Association. Speakers include Professor Yang Guohua of Tsinghua University w88 casino of Law, Professor Dukgeun Ahn of Seoul National University in South Korea, Wang Jiangyu of the National University of Singapore w88 casino of Law, researcher Tatiana Prazeres, a researcher at the National Institute for Opening-up at the w88 casino, former senior adviser to WTO Director-General Azevedo, and Professor Wang Heng of the University of New South Wales Law w88 casino in Australia.
Yang Guohua, a professor at Tsinghua University Law w88 casino, pointed out that the appeal mechanism has made a huge contribution to the security and predictability of the multilateral trading system, but the WTO appeal mechanism still needs to be improved. The six reasons raised by the United States against the selection of the Appellate Body are not sufficient. First, the absence of an Appellate Body to receive appeals from member states undermines the feasibility of panel review. The no longer establishment of the Appellate Body also means that the current review model needs to be revised. Secondly, the crisis of the Appellate Body makes it necessary to consider whether judicialization should be promoted. Finally, he proposed feasible plans for the development of the Appellate Body: starting the selection of Appellate Body members, initiating an appeal-arbitration alternative mechanism, and excluding the United States from continuing to promote it.
Dukgeun Ahn, a professor at Seoul National University in South Korea, pointed out that many countries believe that the dispute settlement mechanism interferes with national internal affairs and law enforcement. Due to disputes over terms and multiple interpretations, the function of the Appellate Body has gradually disappeared. Furthermore, since some interpretations are highly controversial between the Appellate Body and the expert panel, mutual denial by the Appellate Body and the expert panel may become an obstacle to WTO reform and development, but the WTO's legal rulings will bring economic benefits. Therefore, it is very important to strive to restore the normal operation of the dispute settlement mechanism, and in this process, China will play a vital role.
Wang Jiangyu, a professor at the National University of Singapore w88 casino of Law, interpreted WTO reform and the Sino-US w88 war from the perspective of a small Asian country. He used the global state power structure diagram as an example to show how small Southeast Asian countries represented by Singapore view the current situation. The current instability and friction are caused by political issues between big countries. How to solve them requires the ability of big countries to defend the international order. Small and medium-sized countries need to maintain unity to stabilize the international order and trading system. China's economy is developing more rapidly, so China is expected to assume greater responsibilities as a great power.
Tatiana Prazeres, a researcher at the National Institute for Opening-up at the w88 casino and former senior adviser to WTO Director-General Azevedo, said that the current dispute settlement mechanism is in crisis due to unilateral challenges from the United States, but many countries still support the WTO. Tatiana Prazeres answered the question of how to respond in the absence of an Appellate Body in the future. First, we should explore the root causes of the United States’ criticism of the Appellate Body, and other countries should try their best to find solutions. The CPTPP has been advancing without the participation of the United States, so member states should work on establishing internal mechanisms, which should not be affected by whether the United States participates.
Wang Heng, a professor at the Law w88 casino of the University of New South Wales in Australia, discussed the possible impact of the WTO crisis on the international economic order. Looking into the background, for the United States, the balance of American hegemony has been broken, and its economic development has also affected its hegemonic position. For China, the Belt and Road Initiative can help establish a system in countries along the Belt and Road. Investigating its impact, the Sino-US w88 war targets specific cooperation terms, which will affect the long-term balance between independence and interdependence between the two countries. Professor Wang Heng pointed out that the development of international rules in the future may have four outcomes: no rules, existing mechanisms, and the establishment of new multilateral institutions and bilateral agreements.
The topic of the second session of the conference was "The recent easing of Sino-US relations: Is there a delaying strategy for both sides?" It was hosted by Cheng Shuaihua, a researcher at the German Development Institute. Speakers include Huo Jianguo, Vice President of the China WTO Research Association, Yoichi Suzuki, former Japanese Ambassador to Singapore and France, Wang Yong, professor of the w88 casino of International Relations at Peking University, Scott Kennedy, senior researcher at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, and Luo Zhenxing, researcher at the Institute of American Studies, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
Huo Jianguo, vice president of the China WTO Research Association, expressed his views on Sino-US w88 friction. He believes that Sino-US w88 friction is becoming more and more serious overall, and the primary issue now is to prevent it from continuing to worsen, or to call it a truce. Sino-US w88 friction is long-term and complex, and negotiation is still the only correct way to solve the problem. Vice Chairman Huo Jianguo said that the final outcome of the conflict between China and the United States will depend on their respective economic performance. How we maintain policy stability and solve our own development problems has become our main current strategy.
Yoichi Suzuki, the former Japanese ambassador to Singapore and France, expressed his views on the Japan-US w88 friction and the Sino-US w88 friction. He compared the economic aggregates and w88 deficits of the United States, Japan and China, and said that there are similarities between the Sino-US w88 friction and the US-Japan w88 friction in the 1980s. In the US-Japan w88 friction, the multilateral trading system played an important role. However, the current WTO is not effective. China and Japan have different development models, management methods and market methods. Today, we must incorporate these so-called new elements to avoid the Sino-US w88 war and the collapse of the multilateral system.
Wang Yong, a professor at the w88 casino of International Relations at Peking University, expressed his views on the current situation between China and the United States. He believes that the possibility of China and the United States reaching a first-stage agreement in this round exists, but the uncertainty is still great. The most important thing about the Sino-US issue is the ongoing strategic competition between China and the United States. Professor Wang Yong made several suggestions regarding the Sino-US w88 friction: first, China should respond with greater openness; second, it should emphasize more commonalities in the paths, systems, ideas, and cultures of China and other countries in the world; third, whether the Chinese government should consider proposing to join the CPTPP next year, which will have a great impact on domestic work.
Scott Kennedy, a senior researcher at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, expressed his views on the future direction of China and the United States. He believes that the goal of liberalization is exceptional to some extent. Countries can adopt some restrictive measures on international w88 and investment, but they cannot promote the development of domestic industries as a simple competitive goal. If the WTO wants to save its original, traditional role, it will require some concessions from China and the United States, but neither side wants to make any concessions now. He proposed that countries can create a decoupled system to address these risks.
Luo Zhenxing, a researcher at the Institute of American Studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, expressed his views on the de-escalation of the Sino-US w88 war. He proposed four conditions for the de-escalation of the Sino-US w88 war: consequences, process, public opinion and signs. Only by understanding the other party's signals and taking corresponding measures can de-escalation be achieved. Secondly, it is best for both parties to reach an agreement as soon as possible. If it continues for a long time, the long-term continuation of tariffs will breed vested interest groups in both countries, and the damaged interest groups will naturally disappear. He said that the most important thing is to handle domestic affairs well and enhance one's own strength.
The third session of the conference was titled "The Long-term Future of the WTO: Perspectives from All Parties" and was hosted by Andy Mok, a researcher at the Globalization Think Tank. Speakers include Aik Hoe Lim, Director of the Environment Department of the WTO Secretariat, Lu Xiankun, Executive Director of LEDECO in Geneva, Wang Xiaodong, Counselor of the WTO Secretariat, Simon Evenett, Professor at the University of St. Gallen in Switzerland, and Tu Xinquan, Dean of the China WTO Research Institute at the w88 casino.
Lu Xiankun, Executive Director of LEDECO in Geneva, expressed his views on the 12th Ministerial Conference Forum in June 2020. He said that the focus of MC12 should shift to a more forward-looking perspective. MC12’s forward-looking agenda includes: First, the WTO should make drastic reforms. Second, a joint statement on multilateralism, including investment facilitation, should at least have an intentional consensus at the WTO ministerial meeting. Third, the WTO supervision mechanism needs to be established. As a world power, China must shoulder its responsibilities as a major country and promote the development of multilateral w88. Different countries and institutions should also perform their respective duties.
Wang Xiaodong, Counselor of the WTO Secretariat, expressed his views on the current situation of the WTO and the factors that will affect the WTO in the future. He pointed out that the current problems that the WTO needs to solve urgently include: the balance of responsibilities, rights, and obligations, the problem of inefficiency in decision-making, the problem of low illegal costs, and the function of the Secretariat. In addition, for several key factors affecting the future of the WTO, it is particularly necessary to obtain the support of the majority of the people, especially those in developed countries. In addition, the problem in WTO negotiations is to find as many common points and points of interest among governments as possible. Finally, can we consider using the EU to mediate conflicts between China and the United States? The WTO should adhere to the core principles of non-discrimination and w88 liberalization, which are the foundation of the WTO.
Simon Evenett, a professor at the University of St. Gallen in Switzerland, expressed his views on the current situation and future direction of the WTO. He said that the current inability to complete the Doha negotiations, the global economic crisis, Sino-US competition, climate change and other issues were all issues that were not considered when the WTO was first established. The WTO's legislative functions, dispute settlement mechanism and review and monitoring functions have long been problematic. At the beginning of its establishment, there were no effective responses to such problems and loopholes that may arise. Therefore, WTO reform is inevitable. The fundamental issue in WTO reform is how to reach an agreement and cooperate among governments.
Tu Xinquan, Dean of the China WTO Research Institute at the w88 casino, expressed his views on the issue of subsidies in the future development direction of the WTO. He said that China does have problems in the implementation of WTO rules, but there are also problems in the existing subsidy rules themselves. It is not just implementation problems and China's compliance problems, but problems with the existing rules themselves. The subsidy issue is mainly a reform issue, especially the relationship between the government and the market. This is a very big test for us.
Aik Hoe Lim, Director of the Environment Department of the WTO Secretariat, expressed his views on WTO reform. He said that WTO reform has begun since its establishment. The main challenges currently facing the WTO come from political rather than technical, legal and economic fields. What should be most concerned about in WTO reform is how to adjust and set the "safety valve." Only with the participation of all WTO members can WTO reform be implemented and all countries unite, so everyone must unite so that this w88 war and tense relationship can slowly ease.
It has been 18 years since China joined the WTO. The world economy is undergoing rapid changes and the global economy is in a critical period of reform and development. At this annual meeting, guest scholars from many countries and regions, different universities and research institutions brought the latest research results, and conducted extensive and in-depth exchanges and discussions on WTO reform, the survival of the dispute settlement mechanism, Sino-US w88 friction, the long-term future of the WTO, etc., which has important practical significance for China's future reform and development.
