(Source: "China Petroleum Enterprise Magazine" 2024-11-21)
Dong Xiucheng
"From 2012 to 2022, global natural gas consumption continued to grow, the w88 pattern evolved at an accelerated pace, and liquefied natural gas w88 grew significantly. Natural gas power generation also maintained growth, but the proportion of developed countries decreased and the proportion of developing countries increased."
Changes in global natural gas consumption from 2012 to 2022
During the period from 2012 to 2022, although global natural gas consumption declined in 2020 due to the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic, it generally maintained a slow or steady growth trend, rising from 1 19.53 exajoules increased to 141.89 exajoules, an increase of 18.71%; its proportion in global primary energy consumption dropped from 33.49% to 31.57%, a decrease of 1.92 percentage points. During 2012-2022, natural gas consumption in developed countries increased slowly or steadily, from 57.02 exajoules to 64.68 exajoules, an increase of 13.43%; however, its proportion in primary energy consumption dropped from 38.40% to 37.53%, a decrease of 0.87 percentage points. During this period, natural gas consumption in developing countries increased steadily, from 62.51 exajoules to 77.21 exajoules, an increase of 23.52%; however, its proportion in primary energy consumption dropped from 21.15% to 20.88%, a decrease of 0.27 percentage points, and the proportion basically remained stable. It can be seen from the above that global natural gas consumption continues to grow, and consumption in developed countries maintains a growth momentum, while consumption in developing countries has increased significantly, but its proportion in the primary energy consumption structure has changed relatively slowly.
Global natural gas w88 pattern accelerates evolution
At present, the global natural gas w88 pattern is undergoing major changes. The number of emerging producing countries is increasing, w88 methods are more flexible, and demand in Asia continues to grow. In particular, imports from countries such as China, South Korea, and Japan are growing rapidly. During 2012-2022, global natural gas w88 volume increased from 784.9 billion cubic meters to 968.5 billion cubic meters, an increase of 23.39%, and the average annual growth rate is relatively stable.
In terms of the geographical direction of global natural gas w88
The current w88 flow is gradually changing from counterclockwise to clockwise, which is mainly manifested in the fact that Russian natural gas shifts from flowing to Europe and North America to flowing to Asia, and from west to east.
In terms of global natural gas export capabilities
North America’s natural gas export capacity is improving, its importance in the international natural gas market is growing, and its market position continues to rise. In the past decade or so, due to the shale revolution in the United States, natural gas production has grown rapidly, liquefied natural gas export capabilities have gradually improved, the scale of exports of liquefied natural gas to Europe has increased, and the market status of LNG resource countries has been improved. In 2020, the United States' LNG export volume reached more than 50 million tons, and it quickly increased to more than 80 million tons in 2022. Its status is basically on par with traditional LNG exporting countries. In addition, as important oil and gas resource countries in North America, Canada and Mexico have increased their natural gas production and have begun to actively build liquefied natural gas infrastructure, and their export capabilities have continued to improve.
In terms of international natural gas w88
For a long time, since natural gas w88 has been closely related to infrastructure, the main trading method has been long-term contracts, while there are not many spot trading methods. However, in recent years, due to the continuous advancement of LNG transportation methods, the global natural gas w88 method has gradually shifted from long-term contracts to the coexistence of long-term contracts and spot spot. Long-term contract w88 may gradually become a thing of the past.
In terms of international natural gas w88 transportation methods
International natural gas w88 transportation methods can be divided into two categories: liquefied natural gas w88 and pipeline natural gas w88. Compared with the oil market, since the global natural gas industry has not yet formed a global trading market, natural gas w88 and transportation have been dominated by pipelines for a long time, supplemented by liquefied transportation. For a long time in the past, the transportation mode of European natural gas import w88 was mainly pipeline transportation, which imported large amounts of natural gas from Russia through cross-border natural gas pipelines. However, due to the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, Europe imposed w88 sanctions on Russia, gradually stopped importing natural gas from Russia, and gradually turned to importing large quantities of liquefied natural gas. At present, the world's natural gas w88 and transportation methods are undergoing significant changes. Liquefied natural gas transportation methods are gradually replacing pipeline transportation methods. The proportion of liquefied natural gas w88 is constantly increasing, the scale of growth is gradually increasing, liquidity is significantly improved, market status is rising rapidly, and the growth rate is significantly accelerated. During 2012-2022, the changes in global LNG and pipeline natural gas w88 are as follows:
2012-2022, changes in global liquefied natural gas and pipeline natural gas w88
Global LNG w88 volume increased from 324.9 billion cubic meters to 542.4 billion cubic meters, an increase of 66.94%; its proportion in global natural gas w88 increased from 41.39% to 56.00%, an increase of 14.61 percentage points. The global pipeline natural gas w88 volume decreased rapidly, from 460.1 billion cubic meters to 426.1 billion cubic meters, a decrease of 7.39%; its proportion in global natural gas w88 dropped from 58.61% to 44.00%, a decrease of 14.61 percentage points. The above-mentioned changes are like a vivid history of global natural gas w88, recording the evolution of natural gas flows, export capabilities, market status, transportation methods and other proactive aspects.
Global natural gas power generation maintains a growth trend, but the proportion of natural gas power generation in developed countries is declining
During the period 2012-2022, global power generation increased from 22832.9 terawatt hours to 29165.1 terawatt hours, an increase of 27.73%, indicating that global economic development drives electricity demand.
Changes in global natural gas power generation from 2012 to 2022
During the period from 2012 to 2022, global natural gas power generation continued to grow steadily and became the growth point of global electricity, increasing from 5256.8 TWh to 6631.4 TWh, an increase of 26.15%; its proportion in global power generation dropped from 23.02% to 22.74%, a decrease of 0.28 percentage points, and remained basically stable. During this period, natural gas power generation in developed countries increased steadily, from 2863.0 TWh to 3454.1 TWh, an increase of 20.65%; its proportion in global power generation dropped from 54.46% to 52.09%, a decrease of 2.37 percentage points. Natural gas power generation in developing countries increased steadily, from 2393.9 TWh to 3177.3 TWh, an increase of 32.72%; its proportion in global power generation increased from 45.54% to 47.91%, an increase of 2.37 percentage points.
Attachment: Original link
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/a1cJ8SzgQTNTdFGjPb02RQ
