（Source: "People's Weekly" 2025-1-14)
In his explanation of the "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform and Promoting Chinese-style Modernization," General Secretary Xi Jinping highly affirmed the important role played by reform and opening up in the past 40 years and pointed out that "in the new era and new journey, to create a new situation in Chinese-style modernization, we still need to rely on reform and opening up."
Opening up to the outside world is an important part of reform and opening up. On the topic of "opening up to the outside world", this magazine recently had a conversation with Sang Baichuan, dean of the Institute of International Economics at the w88 casino.
Further opening up, challenges and opportunities coexist
Reporter: Currently, major changes in the world that have not been seen in a century are accelerating, and my country's development is facing increasing uncertainties. Please analyze the challenges and opportunities my country faces in further opening up in light of the international situation.
Sang Baichuan: Since the financial crisis in 2008, globalization has surged against the current. Today, a small number of countries have embarked on the path of w88 and investment protectionism and unilateralism, generalizing the concept of national security, replacing efficiency logic with security logic, planning to establish a supply chain system that excludes China, weakening the connection with my country's supply chain and industrial chain, replacing "offshore outsourcing" with "friendly shore outsourcing", instigating decoupling from my country's science and technology economy, increasing w88 frictions and conflicts, and multilateral w88 The system is facing severe challenges, international economic and w88 rules are becoming fragmented, the impact of the epidemic and geopolitical conflicts are superimposed, the uncertainty of the world economy has increased, and multiple shocks coexist. The global production system, investment system, and financial system have been severely damaged. The global industrial chain, supply chain, and value chain have accelerated the restructuring and shrinkage. The growth rate of international w88 and international investment has been significantly lower than the economic growth rate. The global economic aggregate has increased from US$54 trillion in 2007 to US$104.8 trillion in 2023, less than doubling in 17 years, which is much lower than the previous economic growth rate; while the growth rate of global w88 in goods during the same period was even lower, increasing from US$13.9 trillion to US$23.8 trillion, an increase of only 71%; global international direct investment reached US$1.83 trillion in 2007, and dropped to US$1.3 trillion in 2023. International w88 and international investment, which are the engines of world economic growth, have become the decelerators that drag down world economic growth.
In the great changes in the world economy, we are also facing new development opportunities. Today's world is experiencing a profound industrial revolution. Based on technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence, and with intelligent manufacturing, intelligent services and digital economy as its core, the fourth industrial revolution is in the ascendant. New technologies, new industries, new business formats, and new production models are emerging. It is rapidly changing the world economic landscape. The new round of industrial revolution brings us new development opportunities. The voices for maintaining an open world economy are gradually expanding, the forces supporting economic globalization are constantly accumulating, and actions to restrict the countercurrent of globalization have never stopped. The desire to promote peace and development exists widely, and win-win cooperation is still the right direction for human progress. This brings opportunities for us to participate in global economic governance and promote the development of the world and China.
Promoting reform through opening up is the magic weapon for China’s economic success
Reporter: The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China pointed out that opening up is a distinctive symbol of Chinese modernization, and we must adhere to the basic national policy of opening up to the outside world and promote reform through opening up. Please analyze the logic of opening up to promote reform based on history and current international and domestic conditions.
Sang Baichuan: Chinese-style modernization is the modernization of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and the implementation of a socialist market economy is an important part of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The socialist market economy is an open economy. The market determines resource allocation. In allocating resources, the market must break through the restrictions between regions and countries and allocate resources in the global market. To comply with the requirements of market economic development, we must continue to promote a higher level of opening up to the outside world, quickly break through the blockages in all aspects of production relations, and improve the efficiency of resource allocation in establishing a high-level open economic system. The socialist market economy must better play the role of the government. Modern market economy countries have accumulated relatively rich experience in regulating economic operations and effective methods in long-term practice. Learning from their economic regulation experience and methods and innovating in the process of opening to the outside world can quickly improve the macro-control system and improve national economic governance capabilities.
Promoting reform and development through opening up is a valuable experience in China’s economic success in the past. In the process of opening up to the outside world for more than 40 years, China has always combined opening up with the reform of the economic system, followed the trend of changes in international economic and w88 rules, followed international economic and w88 practices, introduced external driving forces for reform in opening up, broke through internal resistance to reform, formed a positive interaction between opening up and reform, forced domestic reforms through opening up, and promoted effective changes in the economic system.
The Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in 2013 clearly stated that “promoting mutual promotion of internal and external opening up” and “promoting reform and development through opening up”. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 2017 proposed “actively participating in and promoting economic globalization” process and develop a higher-level open economy." The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in 2020 proposed "building a new higher-level open economic system" and the "14th Five-Year Plan" outline proposed "implementing high-level opening up to the outside world and opening up a new situation for win-win cooperation." Continuously promoting higher-level opening-up constitutes a distinctive feature of the new era. Under the guidance of a higher level of openness, my country has embarked on a new journey of institutional opening, built a variety of institutional opening platforms, and initially established a free w88 pilot zone (port) system to form a test field for high-standard international economic and w88 rules and innovative practices of open new systems and new rules. It strives to build a market-oriented, legal and international business environment, and effectively promotes economic system reform and social and economic development.
Today, some countries are seeking to establish high-standard international economic and w88 rules in order to "lock in" China, and the reconstruction of international economic rules is accelerating. Comprehensively grasping changes in the external environment, tracking the changing trends of international economic and w88 rules, proactively aligning with international high-standard rules, and continuing to play the role of opening up in promoting reform are not only requirements for building a high-level socialist market economic system, but also the right choice to break China's "regulatory lock".
With institutional openness as the core, establish a new higher-level open economic system
Reporter: Based on the new era and new journey, what should be the focus of improving high-level opening-up systems and mechanisms? Why?
Sang Baichuan: To improve the system and mechanism of high-level opening to the outside world, the core is institutional opening and to establish a new higher-level open economic system.
To establish a new higher-level open economic system, we must study and judge the changing trends of international economic and w88 rules on the basis of maintaining the multilateral economic and w88 system, and set high standards for international economic and w88 rules. Our country is moving from a large trading country to a powerful trading country, and fair competition w88 regulations will help our country consolidate and improve its international w88 competitiveness. To this end, we must focus on deepening the reform of the foreign w88 system, build an open system of "market access + fair competition", standardize industrial subsidy measures, moderately improve environmental and labor protection standards, improve the government procurement system, establish a competitively neutral regulatory system, improve the transparency of government decision-making, create a transparent and open regulatory ecosystem, strengthen intellectual property protection, actively participate in the formulation of e-commerce and digital w88 rules, and create a transparent, stable and predictable institutional environment.
Today, the trend of digitalization and greening of international w88 is obvious. To establish a new higher-level open economic system, it is necessary to innovate customs clearance, taxation, foreign exchange and other regulatory methods, create an institutional environment conducive to the development of new business forms and new models such as digital w88 and green w88, and improve the foreign w88 risk prevention system.
Foreign investment is a hub connecting domestic and international economic cycles. It is also a carrier of multiple competitiveness such as technology, management, corporate governance experience, marketing channels, information and knowledge. In the reconstruction of global supply chain, industrial chain and value chain, countries compete for international direct investment fiercely. To this end, greater efforts should be made to absorb and utilize foreign investment, and to stabilize the quantity and improve quality, it is necessary to deepen foreign investment Management system reform, further promote investment liberalization and facilitation, create a market-oriented, legal and international first-class business environment, improve the negative list system for foreign investment access, achieve both access and business, fully implement national treatment for foreign-invested enterprises, protect the rights and interests of foreign investors in accordance with the law, create a non-discriminatory regulatory system, and form a system and mechanism with free flow of factors, convenient investment and operation, and high-quality and efficient services.
my country has grown into a major foreign investment country. It ranks first in the world in terms of production of more than 200 of the 500 major industrial products in the world. It has formed a large amount of high-quality production capacity and a large number of enterprises have the ability to invest and allocate resources around the world. In order to adapt to the requirements of transforming from a major investment attraction country to a major foreign investment country, it is necessary to further reform the foreign investment management system, improve the foreign investment promotion and guarantee system and mechanisms, improve the foreign investment management service system, enhance the ability to protect foreign investment interests, and maintain the safety of foreign investment.
Special economic zones such as the Pilot Free w88 Zone (Port) are regional platforms that lead my country's institutional opening. In institutional opening, it is necessary to further upgrade the regional opening platform, encourage original and integrated exploration, take the lead in establishing and improving a new high-level open economic system, drive the improvement of the openness level in the central and western regions and northeastern regions, attract global high-quality factor resources, and promote the establishment of an industrial system with strong international competitiveness.
Under the great changes in the world economy, regional economic cooperation has made new progress, and large-scale free w88 agreements have led the changes in international economic and w88 rules. In line with the trend of regional economic integration, my country should expand the network of high-standard free w88 zones around the world, establish a compliance mechanism that is consistent with international rules, optimize the open cooperation environment, improve the high-quality "Belt and Road" mechanism, achieve mutual benefit and win-win results in open cooperation, and promote the realization of Chinese-style modernization.
Original link:http://paper.people.com.cn/rmzk/pc/content/202501/14/content_30052133.html
