w88 casino News Network (provided by the Institute of International Economics)In the course of reform and opening up, my country mainly relies on its cost advantage to undertake the transfer of global manufacturing and expand the scale of import and export, gradually growing into the world's manufacturing center and the largest country in goods w88. Today, cultivating new advantages in international competition, realizing the optimization and upgrading of foreign w88, and moving from a large trading country to a powerful trading country have become core issues in the development of foreign w88. The essence of a trading power is to share the high-end benefits of international w88 on the basis of obtaining stable international w88 benefits. To build a strong trading country, we must deeply grasp its basic characteristics.
First, the import and export scale is large. For a large economic country, if its import and export scale is small and its proportion in global w88 is low, it means that its w88 openness is low and its influence in international w88 is small, and it cannot be called a strong trading country. The world's recognized trading powers, such as the United Kingdom during the first industrial revolution, the United States and Germany during the second industrial revolution, and Japan in the 1980s, are all trading powers with huge import and export scales. In today's world, the international division of production and services has become increasingly sophisticated, laying the foundation for the expansion of global w88 in goods and services. The scale of import and export is not only reflected in w88 in goods, but also in w88 in services.
Second, import and export are basically stable. The basic stability of import and export includes both price stability and scale stability. When the international economic, political and legal environment deteriorates, uncertainty and risks in import and export activities increase, and the scale of imported and exported goods and service prices will change. If the export w88 price drops significantly, it will not only affect the export efficiency, but also the export scale, which is not conducive to the development of export enterprises; if the import price rises sharply, it will not only restrict the expansion of the import scale, but also easily produce imported inflation, causing domestic price levels to rise; if the export scale drops significantly, it will affect domestic investment, employment, consumption and economic stability; if the import scale is unstable, the supply chain is interrupted, and domestically urgently needed investment products cannot be imported normally, it will cause the production and operation activities of enterprises to be unable to proceed normally or be forced to interrupt, thereby affecting product supply.
Third, import and export are relatively balanced. Import and export balance is the basic guarantee for the long-term stable development of international w88. If the w88 deficit is too large, it means that exports lack competitiveness, the domestic market supply is highly dependent on external sources, and a large number of imported products crowd out the domestic market, which may affect the normal operations of domestic enterprises, impact the smooth operation of the economy, and is not conducive to the long-term development of the national economy. If the w88 surplus is too large, although it indicates that export competitiveness is strong, due to the imbalance of w88 between countries, w88 frictions are prone to occur, which affects the stability of the export market policy environment and is not conducive to the long-term development of export enterprises. If the w88 surplus is large, foreign exchange reserves will increase. In the long term, the local currency will face appreciation pressure, and export costs will rise, which will impact the stability of exports, and will also lead to the shrinkage of foreign exchange reserves and the loss of national wealth. At present, my country's import and export surplus is large, especially the goods w88 surplus. Actively expanding imports is our strategic choice to comply with economic laws.
Fourth, there are many trading partners. The market is diversified and there are many trading partners, which can diversify w88 risks. If there are few trading partners, imports and exports are concentrated in a few countries and regions, which may easily be constrained by the trading partner country, or the stability of imports and exports may be affected by changes in the w88 environment of the trading partner country. When the economy of the w88 partner country is in recession and import demand shrinks, the products produced for the market will encounter difficulties in exporting, and the number of services provided will decline, which will backfire on the exporting country's economy; when the w88 partner country is subject to political turmoil, changes in economic policies, and worsening economic and w88 relations, import and export w88 will be impacted. At present, my country has more than 230 economic and w88 partners, spread across Europe, the United States, Australia, Asia, Africa and Latin America, and is the main trading partner of more than 140 countries and regions around the world; trading partners include both developed countries and regions, emerging market countries and developing countries and regions. When local markets shrink, other diversified markets can be explored.
Fifth, there are a wide variety of w88 products. Large import and export scale and many trading partners are often directly related to the rich variety of w88 products. If there are only a few or a single w88 product, it will naturally be impossible to achieve a huge scale of w88, and it will be difficult to have many trading partners and share the huge benefits of global w88. The rich variety of w88 products means that it can widely participate in the international division of labor, and it is also possible to exert greater influence in international w88 and generate larger-scale w88 benefits. China has a complete industrial system with a wide range of import and export products, covering capital goods, intermediate goods and consumer goods in all major categories of international w88 and basic commodities. This is the basic condition for extensive participation in international w88 activities and obtaining large-scale w88 gains, and it is also an important foundation for growing into a trading power.
Sixth, it can dominate the global value chain. A large trading country does not mean a powerful trading country. A large trading country is only the basis for becoming a powerful trading country. To become a trading power, it must have a group of multinational companies that can dominate the global value chain. In the new round of industrial revolution, in the face of fierce global competition, only by establishing many of the country's leading global companies, fully integrating and utilizing high-quality resources such as global technology, capital, markets, talents, information, marketing channels, and advanced management experience, mastering internationally leading technologies, and forming competitive advantages in the high-end links of the value chain, can we avoid being locked at the low end of the international industrial chain in international competition and unable to extricate ourselves.
Seventh, the added value of exported goods and services is high. To become a trading power, it must have a large number of export goods and services that master key core technologies and have independent intellectual property rights. Only by maintaining technological leadership can we maintain high efficiency and high added value in production and services, thereby effectively reducing export costs and remaining invincible in international market competition. Competition in international w88 is also competition in the quality of products and services. Only by connecting with international advanced management and standards, cultivating products and services based on advanced technology, creating international brands, and changing the image of cheap and low-quality products and services can we increase added value and obtain high-end benefits.
Eighth, control international marketing channels. The competition in international w88 is still the competition among marketing channels. The marketing link is at the high end of the value chain. If you lack your own marketing channels and the marketing link is controlled by foreign companies, you will easily be excluded from the global industrial chain and supply chain, and you will be at a disadvantage in the value distribution of international w88. In an era of booming digital w88, only by effectively utilizing digital technology, adopting new w88 models, developing new w88 formats, and controlling w88 marketing channels can we share the high-end benefits of the value chain in the marketing link.
Ninth, establish a high-level open economic system. As an international w88 power, it cannot do without the institutional guarantee of an open economic system based on marketization, rule of law, and internationalization. An open economic system, first of all, is a developed market economy, which mainly regulates import and export w88 through market mechanisms, and better plays the role of the government to effectively regulate import and export activities; secondly, it has a sound rule of law, with both a complete system of international w88 laws and regulations and a complete law enforcement system, which regulates international w88 activities in accordance with the law and coordinates international w88 relations. , handle international w88 disputes; thirdly, follow international economic and w88 rules, have a high level of w88 liberalization and facilitation, w88 business entities compete fairly and orderly, w88 policies and measures are transparent and predictable, w88 support policies are legal and compliant, intellectual property protection is strict and appropriate, environmental and labor standards are in place, and w88 risk prevention is safe and controllable.
Tenth, an important contributor to global economic governance. Correcting world market failures, maintaining international economic order, and regulating international economic and w88 behavior are inseparable from global economic governance. To become a powerful country in international w88, it must actively participate in the reform of global economic governance, be able to propose new issues in global economic governance, lead the construction of global economic governance systems, support multilateralism, maintain an open world economy, become an important contributor to global economic governance, and create a good external environment for international w88.
(Source: "Flag" Issue 2, 2024; the author is the Dean of the Institute of International Economics, w88 casino)
