(Source: Xinhuanet 2025-10-28)
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 28th
Explanation on the "Recommendations of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the Fifteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development"
Xi Jinping
Comrades:
Entrusted by the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, I made an explanation to the plenary session on the drafting of the "Recommendations of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the Fifteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development" (hereinafter referred to as the "Recommendations").
1. Drafting process of "Recommendations"
Formulating medium- and long-term plans to guide economic and social development is an important way for our party to govern the country. The "14th Five-Year Plan" will be completed this year, and it is necessary to study and formulate the "15th Five-Year Plan". Studying and formulating the "15th Five-Year Plan" is of great significance for promoting the sustained and healthy development of my country's economy and society and laying a more solid foundation for basically realizing socialist modernization as scheduled.
In January this year, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided that the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China will review the “15th Five-Year Plan” planning recommendations and establish a document drafting group, with me as the leader and comrades Li Qiang, Wang Huning, Cai Qi, and Ding Xuexiang as deputy leaders. Responsible comrades from relevant departments and localities will participate, and under the leadership of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, they will be responsible for drafting the "Recommendations". On February 11, the document drafting group held its first plenary meeting, and the drafting of the "Recommendations" was officially launched.
The Party Central Committee has carried forward democracy and brainstorming throughout the entire process of document drafting, conducted in-depth investigations and studies, and extensively solicited opinions from all parties. On January 22, the Party Central Committee issued the "Notice on Soliciting Opinions on the Proposals for Studying the "15th Five-Year Plan" at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Party, soliciting opinions within a certain range within and outside the Party. In late February, the Party Central Committee organized six research teams to conduct special surveys in 12 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. At the same time, the Party Central Committee deployed some central and state agencies to conduct research on 35 key topics. On April 30, I chaired a symposium on the economic and social development of some provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities during the “15th Five-Year Plan” period in Shanghai. After that, Comrade Li Qiang was entrusted to convene three symposiums with representatives from the economic community, the scientific and technological community, and grassroots representatives. We also launched an online opinion solicitation activity and received more than 3 million messages, from which relevant parties compiled more than 1,500 suggestions. It is generally believed that the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China focused on the issues proposed in the "15th Five-Year Plan", which is of great significance for better exerting the strategic guiding role of the national development plan, further gathering the powerful force of the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups to unite and forge ahead, and comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization. Comprehensive judgment shows that during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, my country's development faces both strategic opportunities and risks and challenges, and uncertain and unpredictable factors have increased. However, the supporting conditions and basic trends for my country's long-term economic and social development have not changed. It is generally hoped by all parties to clarify the overall thinking, important principles, main goals, strategic tasks and major measures for economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, promote high-quality development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, and lay a more solid foundation for the basic realization of socialist modernization.
On August 4, the draft of the "Recommendations" was circulated to a certain extent within the party for opinions, including soliciting the opinions of some veteran comrades in the party. The opinions of the central committees of democratic parties, leaders of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, and representatives of non-partisan persons were also specifically listened to. Judging from the solicitation of opinions, all regions and departments fully affirmed the draft "Recommendations". Everyone agreed that the draft of the "Recommendations" accurately grasps the historical position of the development of the party and the country's undertakings during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, deeply analyzes the profound and complex changes faced by our country's development environment, and makes a top-level design and strategic outline for the next five years of development. The guidelines are scientific and precise, the main goals are clear and clear, and the tasks and measures are realistic. Being pragmatic is another general mobilization and general deployment to take advantage of the situation and continue to promote Chinese-style modernization. It embodies the historical initiative of continuing to write a new chapter in the two miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability, and striving to create a new situation in Chinese-style modernization. It will definitely have a significant and far-reaching impact on the development of the party and the country. At the same time, many good opinions and suggestions have been put forward by various parties. The document drafting team analyzed it item by item, trying to absorb as much as possible, and added, rewritten, and streamlined a total of 218 words in the draft of the "Recommendations," covering 452 opinions and suggestions from all aspects.
During the drafting of the "Recommendations", the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee held three meetings and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee held two meetings to review and revise, forming the draft of the "Recommendations" that was submitted to this plenary session for review.
It can be said that this document drafting work is another vivid practice of promoting intra-party democracy and people's democracy throughout the process.
2. Main considerations in drafting the "Recommendations" and the basic contents of the "Recommendations"
The overall consideration in drafting the "Recommendations" is to follow the "two-step" strategic arrangement of comprehensively building a modern and powerful socialist country made at the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, accurately grasp the important position of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period in the process of basically realizing socialist modernization, conduct an in-depth analysis of the domestic and international situation, and make systematic plans and strategic arrangements for my country's economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
During the drafting process of the "Recommendations", we paid attention to the following points. First, adhere to the goal orientation and problem orientation, based on the basic positioning of laying a solid foundation and making full efforts, systematically planning with the focus on laying a more solid foundation for basically realizing the goal of socialist modernization, and focusing on making up for shortcomings and strengths and weaknesses with a strong, orderly and effective response to the new situation of the world's century-old changes and outstanding issues in development. The second is to adhere to systematic thinking and comprehensively deploy all aspects of economic and social development and party building in accordance with the requirements of coordinating and advancing the "five-in-one" overall layout and coordinating the advancement of the "four comprehensives" strategic layout. The third is to persist in further comprehensively deepening reform, focusing on using reform methods to solve development problems, and to add impetus and activation to development. The fourth is to insist on expanding opening up to the outside world, not only putting development on the basis of its own strength, but also making full use of global factors and market resources.
The "Recommendations" draft consists of 15 parts, divided into three major sections. The first section includes the first and second parts, which is an overview. It mainly elaborates on the major achievements made in my country's development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the important position of inheriting the past and the future in the process of basically realizing socialist modernization during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, the profound and complex changes faced by my country's development environment during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, the guiding ideology, principles and main goals of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. The second section includes 12 parts from the third to the fourteenth. It is divided into chapters. It mainly focuses on key issues related to the overall situation and long-term, and deploys strategic tasks and major measures during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period in different fields. It clarifies the ideas and key tasks in key areas such as industrial development, scientific and technological innovation, domestic market, economic system, opening to the outside world, rural revitalization, and regional development, as well as cultural construction, people's livelihood security, green development, security development, and national defense construction. The third section includes the fifteenth part and the conclusion, which mainly deploys tasks such as upholding and strengthening the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, promoting the construction of socialist democracy and the rule of law, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, promoting the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind, and fully mobilizing the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the whole society.
3. Several key issues that need to be explained
The draft "Recommendations" puts forward some important views and major measures. Here, a brief explanation of several key issues is given.
First, regarding the important position during the “15th Five-Year Plan” period. Realizing socialist modernization is a historical process of step-by-step progression and continuous development and progress, which requires unremitting efforts and continuous struggle. The draft "Recommendations" states that the "15th Five-Year Plan" period plays an important role in the process of basically realizing socialist modernization. This is a judgment based on the historical tasks that should be undertaken during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China determined that socialist modernization will be basically achieved by 2035. The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is the first five years, and a solid foundation has been laid and a good start has been achieved. The "15th Five-Year Plan" period is a critical period for laying a solid foundation and making full efforts. Formulating and implementing the "15th Five-Year Plan" will lay a more solid foundation for basically realizing socialist modernization in 2035.
The draft "Recommendations" starts from this basic positioning to plan the development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. It not only maintains continuity with the concepts and ideas proposed in the "14th Five-Year Plan", but also accurately grasps the general development trend of our country in the next five years, and proposes practical and forward-looking overall ideas, major principles, main goals, and strategic tasks. We must seize this time window to consolidate and expand our advantages, remove bottlenecks, strengthen shortcomings and weaknesses, win strategic initiative in fierce international competition, promote major breakthroughs in strategic tasks related to the overall situation of Chinese modernization, and ensure decisive progress in basically realizing socialist modernization.
Second, regarding the economic and social development goals during the “15th Five-Year Plan” period. Scientifically setting development goals is crucial to formulating and implementing the five-year plan. The draft "Recommendations" grasps the basic positioning and phased requirements of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period and clarifies the main goals of economic and social development. To basically realize socialist modernization by 2035, an important symbolic indicator is that the per capita GDP reaches the level of moderately developed countries, which requires economic and social development to maintain an appropriate speed during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. Based on in-depth research and scientific argumentation, the draft "Recommendations" proposes important goals such as maintaining economic growth within a reasonable range, steadily increasing total factor productivity, fully unleashing economic growth potential, synchronizing residents' income growth with economic growth, increasing labor remuneration and labor productivity, and continuing to expand the middle-income group. At the same time, based on the current prominent problems such as the increasing downward pressure on the domestic economy and insufficient effective demand, the draft "Recommendations" proposes goals such as a significant increase in residents' consumption rate and the continued enhancement of the role of domestic demand in driving economic growth.
Referring to past practices, the draft "Recommendations" proposes that the economic and social development goals during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period are mainly qualitative requirements, while necessary quantitative requirements and some specific work arrangements are left to be studied and determined when formulating the "Outline" of the plan, so as to better reflect and give full play to the macro-guiding role of the "Recommendations".
Third, regarding the theme of promoting high-quality development. The "Recommendations" are in line with the "14th Five-Year Plan" and continue to identify the promotion of high-quality development as the theme of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. They require economic construction as the center, complete, accurate and comprehensive implementation of the new development concept, achieve effective improvement in quality and reasonable growth in quantity, and promote sustained and healthy economic development and comprehensive social progress. The most important thing to promote high-quality development is to accelerate self-reliance in high-level science and technology, actively develop new productive forces, and achieve substantial and breakthrough progress in promoting scientific and technological innovation, accelerating the cultivation of new driving forces, and promoting the optimization and upgrading of the economic structure.
The draft "Recommendations" highlights the leading role of scientific and technological innovation, and makes arrangements in building a modern industrial system, accelerating self-reliance in high-level science and technology, and accelerating the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development. It proposes to optimize and upgrade traditional industries, cultivate and strengthen emerging industries and future industries, and consolidate and strengthen the foundation of the real economy; it proposes to strengthen original innovation and key core technology research, promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, promote the development of educational scientific and technological talents, and further promote the construction of digital China; it proposes to accelerate the construction of new energy systems and accelerate the formation of green production and lifestyle. It should be noted that the development of new productive forces requires certain endowment conditions, and practical feasibility must be fully considered. The draft "Recommendations" emphasizes the development of new productive forces in accordance with local conditions, which is to guide everyone to carry out work scientifically, rationally, and realistically, and to prevent one-size-fits-all efforts.
Fourth, regarding strengthening the domestic circulation and smoothing the domestic and international dual circulation. The more severe and complex the external environment becomes, the more important it is to accelerate the construction of a new development pattern and firmly grasp the development initiative. At present and in the future, we must persist in strengthening the domestic cycle, accelerate the formation of a strong domestic economic cycle system, and use the stability of the domestic cycle to offset the uncertainty of the international cycle.
The draft "Recommendations" highlights the strengthening of the domestic cycle, makes arrangements for building a strong domestic market and accelerating the construction of a high-level socialist market economic system. It emphasizes adhering to the strategic basis of expanding domestic demand, adhering to the close integration of benefiting people's livelihood and promoting consumption, investing in things and investing in people, vigorously boosting consumption, expanding effective investment, and resolutely breaking through the obstacles that hinder the construction of a unified national market. It emphasizes fully stimulating the vitality of various business entities, accelerating the improvement of market-based allocation systems and mechanisms for factors, and improving the efficiency of macroeconomic governance. At the same time, it is proposed to expand international circulation, steadily expand institutional opening, maintain the multilateral trading system, and jointly build the "Belt and Road" with high quality.
Fifth, take solid steps towards the common prosperity of all people. Chinese-style modernization is a modernization that brings prosperity to all people. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, we have persisted in staying true to our original aspirations, considering issues from the people's perspective, promoting coordinated regional development, taking effective measures to protect and improve people's livelihood, winning the battle against poverty, and building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, creating good conditions for promoting common prosperity. In its guiding ideology, the draft "Recommendations" highlights the solid step forward for the common prosperity of all people, which is an overall requirement to guide economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
The draft "Recommendations" firmly grasps the goals and requirements of common prosperity, focuses on ensuring and improving people's livelihood, and deploys a number of balanced and highly accessible policy measures in promoting high-quality and full employment, improving the income distribution system, providing education that satisfies the people, improving the social security system, promoting high-quality development of real estate, accelerating the construction of a healthy China, promoting high-quality population development, and steadily advancing the equalization of basic public services. Focusing on narrowing regional gaps and urban-rural differences, we will deploy a number of practical measures in accelerating agricultural and rural modernization, solidly promoting comprehensive rural revitalization, optimizing regional economic layout, and promoting coordinated regional development. Focusing on promoting the common prosperity of people's spiritual life, we propose to carry forward and practice the core socialist values, vigorously prosper cultural undertakings, accelerate the development of cultural industries, and enhance the spread and influence of Chinese civilization.
Sixth, on coordinating development and security. Security is the prerequisite for development, and development is the guarantee of security. In the next five years, various uncertain and unpredictable risk factors in our country will increase significantly, making the task of coordinating development and security more arduous. The draft "Recommendations" focuses on promoting the modernization of the national security system and capabilities, proposing to improve the national security system, strengthen national security capacity building in key areas, improve the level of public security governance, and improve the social governance system. Focusing on promoting the modernization of national defense and the military with high quality, it is proposed to accelerate the construction of advanced combat capabilities, promote the modernization of military governance, and consolidate and improve the integrated national strategic system and capabilities.
Seventh, regarding upholding the party’s overall leadership. Upholding and strengthening the party's overall leadership is the fundamental guarantee for advancing Chinese-style modernization. The draft "Recommendations" focuses on improving the party's ability and level of leadership in economic and social development, emphasizing upholding and strengthening the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, and improving the implementation mechanism of the Party Central Committee's major decisions and deployments; continuing to use the party's innovative theory to unify thinking, will, and action; adhere to the correct employment orientation and improve the cadre assessment and evaluation mechanism; coordinate the construction of grassroots party organizations in various fields; persevere in implementing the spirit of the eight central regulations; improve the party and state supervision system; resolutely fight a tough, protracted, and overall war in the fight against corruption.
Comrades, the main task of this plenary session is to review and adopt the "Recommendations" of the "15th Five-Year Plan". Everyone should think carefully, discuss in depth, put forward constructive opinions and suggestions, and jointly make this plenary session a success and revise the draft of the "Recommendations".
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