(Source: "The Paper" 2025-04-17)
At the moment when the global industrial chain is accelerating its reconstruction and adjustment towards localization, regionalization, diversification, greening, digitalization, economies such as the United States and Europe have promoted industrial layout adjustments through policy guidance, which has had a complex impact on the stability of China's industrial chain and supply chain. This article analyzes from three dimensions: "bringing in "going out" and intermediate product trade, revealing the phased characteristics and potential risks of China's w88 online casino, and then proposes a "precise policy implementation" plan based on "classification and analysis".
Panorama scan of w88 online casino: structural adjustment rather than systematic migration
Invest in China: Structural characteristics of coexistence of recovery and differentiation
From the perspective of China Investment, although the total global investment and number of projects in China have declined in stages from 2020 to 2022 due to the impact of the epidemic and geopolitical factors, it has shown a significant recovery trend since 2023 (Figure 1). The differences in regional distribution are highlighted: European capital such as France and Germany maintain stable investment, while investment in the United States, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan has shown a significant contraction (Figure 2), reflecting the direct impact of policy orientations in some economies on corporate decision-making.
Figure 1 Monthly change trends of investment in China from 2019 to 2023 Note: The data comes from the fDi Markets Global Greenland Investment Database.
The data sources of investment in China in the following chart are the same. All pictures in this article are painted by the author
Figure 2 Changes in the proportion of investment in China in major countries (regions) in total foreign investment
Figure 3 Changes in the proportion of investments in China in major industries in the industry
Foreign Investment: Global Network Extension Driven by Strategic Layout
Chinese enterprises have made steady progress in foreign investment. Analyzing their investment regions and industrial characteristics is more of a readjustment of the industrial chain layout under the new global economic situation, so the risk of large-scale w88 online casino is also low. From 2019 to 2023, China's foreign investment showed a steady recovery and improvement overall in terms of quantity and amount.
Figure 4 Monthly change trends of foreign investment from 2019 to 2023
Figure 5 Changes in the proportion of investment amount in major countries (regions) to their total foreign investment attracted
Figure 6 Changes in the proportion of foreign investment in major industries in global investment in this industry
Intermediate Products Trade: Double Confirmation of Share Improvement and Structural Upgrade
From the perspective of intermediate goods trade, China's share of intermediate goods exports in the global market has increased significantly, and the structure of intermediate goods trade has steadily adjusted. Between 2000 and 2022, China's intermediate product export scale and its global market share have significantly increased, indicating that China's manufacturing industry plays a stable and critical role in the global supply chain system (Figure 7).
Figure 7 China's intermediate product export scale and its share of global changes
Figure 8 Change trend of China's share of intermediate products exports to major destinations
Figure 9 The trend of the export scale of high and low technology intermediate products in China's global export proportion
Four main modes of w88 online casino: external drive and endogenous drive in parallel
The essence of w88 online casino is the dynamic adjustment of enterprises to the allocation of global factors, including passive responses under geopolitical impacts and active layouts driven by markets. It can be summarized into four typical models, and measures need to be implemented in a classified manner to respond accurately.
Geopolitical-driven w88 online casino: coping with the risk of "decoupling"
At present, China is facing an external competitive pattern of the industrial chain where "developed countries promote return and other developing countries actively divert", which also profoundly affects the global strategic layout of multinational enterprises. Geopolitics-driven w88 online casino therefore presents three typical forms: one is passively entangled w88 online casino.
Production cost-driven w88 online casino: seeking cost advantages
As the prices of domestic production factors rise, especially the growth of labor costs and environmental compliance costs, multinational corporations in some traditional industries have driven to readjust their global w88 online casino layout.
First, the rise in domestic labor costs has led some labor-intensive multinational companies to accelerate their adjustment of production layout. Southeast Asian and South Asian countries such as Vietnam, India, Bangladesh are taking over the main production capacity of the global garment industry due to their low labor costs.
Secondly, the extensive and high-pollution development model of some domestic industries in the early stages prompted developed economies to transfer some pollution-intensive production links to China, leading to the emergence of the "pollution shelter" problem to a certain extent. The concept of "green development" sets higher standards for the environmental responsibility of enterprises.
Industrial chain layout-driven w88 online casino: ensuring supply chain security
At present, some domestic enterprises are actively adjusting their business strategies and seeking strategic assets or broad markets around the world to ensure global competitiveness and the security and stability of supply chains. This strategy is mainly reflected in two aspects:
First, some companies adopt the "going overseas" strategy and seek internalization of strategic resources by expanding global businesses in key links upstream of the supply chain. Since 2013, Chinese lithium mining companies such as Tianqi Lithium and Ganfeng Lithium have made large-scale lithium mine investments in Australia, Argentina, Ireland and Africa, ensuring the security and stability of important strategic resources through diversified supply sources.
Secondly, some enterprises will be in the downstream processing and assembly or marketing links, and even the entire w88 online casino chain will be transferred abroad, thereby increasing overseas market share. As the market competition among domestic companies becomes increasingly fierce, some domestic companies have adopted unique strategies to transfer downstream links to overseas markets.
Capacity cooperation-driven w88 online casino: promoting global capacity cooperation
Under the guidance of maintaining diversified and stable international economic and trade relations, some enterprises have actively implemented the "going out" strategy, forming a relatively active and controllable new trend in w88 online casino.
First, rely on international cooperation platforms such as the "Belt and Road" initiative, we will carry out international production capacity cooperation with enterprises from friendly countries and regions through joint ventures, green space investment, etc. For example, in 2023, Baosteel Group and Saudi Aramco established a joint venture, planning to establish a green, low-carbon thick-board factory, allowing China's green production capacity to "go global" to help local energy transformation and empower global emission reduction.
The second is to expand trade and investment cooperation opportunities with multinational corporations by forming or participating in multinational w88 online casino alliances, and enhance international competitiveness and overseas market share. In 2021, under the advocacy of w88 online casino and Commercial Bank of China, 52 well-known Chinese and European companies jointly established the China-Europe Enterprise Alliance.
Precise policies: Classified response to strengthen the resilience of the w88 online casino chain and supply chain
Cracking geopolitical risks: building an independent and controllable regional w88 online casino ecology
Highly be wary of geopolitical-driven w88 online casino transfers and effectively deal with potential risks of "decoupling" and "chain breakage". We must strengthen the regional w88 online casino chain and supply chain system with "self-centeredness", actively seek effective paths to break the "decoupling" of the w88 online casino chain, and ensure the diversification and resilience of the w88 online casino chain and supply chain.
According to cost laws, optimize the path of domestic w88 online casino gradient transfer
Objectively respond to the transfer of production cost-driven industries and further optimize the layout of the w88 online casino chain based on a unified national market. Actively implement the "effective government + effective market" strategy to promote effective coordination between the government and the market in optimizing w88 online casino layout.
Guiding strategy to go overseas: building a support system for global layout
We should continue to pay attention to w88 online casino driven by industrial chain layout and take multiple measures to help enterprises make overseas layout. On the one hand, optimize the policy environment for enterprises to invest overseas, and encourage enterprises to actively carry out overseas layout by establishing cross-border project coordination departments for enterprises, providing "one-stop" solutions, and establishing "International Development Special Fund".
Deepening capacity cooperation: creating an open and win-win global w88 online casino chain
Actively support the transfer of international cooperative industries and shape the global competitive advantages of the w88 online casino chain. First, in the process of exploring the transfer of international cooperative industries, we must ensure that key core technologies are controlled by the country and allow moderate transfer of non-core technology links to build a safe global w88 online casino chain layout.
w88 online casino is the essential dynamic rebalancing of the global value chain, which not only brings the risk of "decoupling and chain breaking" but also contains the opportunity of "changing lanes to overtake". China needs to base itself on the new development pattern of "taking the domestic circulation as the main body and promoting each other between domestic and international circulations", and by accurately identifying the motive mechanism of different types of transfers, implementing the "differentiated response + forward-looking layout" strategy, consolidate advantageous links, strengthen weak links, and seize future links in the reconstruction of the global industrial chain, and ultimately achieve the upgrade from an "industry undertaker" to a "global chain leader", and lay a solid resilience foundation for the high-quality development of industries in the Yangtze River Delta and even the whole country.
(The author of this article is a professor at the National Institute of Opening-up of the University of International Economics and Business, executive dean of the Institute of Global Innovation and Governance, Wangzhe is a master's degree student at the School of International Economics and Business of the University of International Economics and Business, Yu Zhening is a doctoral student at the China WTO Institute of the University of International Economics and Business)
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