(Source: "Study Times" 2025-10-08)
Huang Yong
w88 live casino is the soul of the market economy, but w88 live casino has rules and bottom lines, and must be bounded by the rule of law. Unfair, unreasonable, inefficient vicious w88 live casino and excessive w88 live casino may induce systemic risks and adversely affect high-quality development. The Political Bureau meeting held on July 30 required: "Government of disorderly w88 live casino among enterprises in accordance with laws and regulations." The rule of law plays an irreplaceable role in regulating competitive behavior and maintaining market order. Practice shows that market vitality and competitive order are not a zero-sum relationship, but a symbiotic relationship; the rule of law is not only a constraint on market behavior, but also an expected stable institutional supply; supervision is not a simple administrative intervention, but an important measure to maintain vitality with order.
The rule of law is the fundamental support to solve the "dilemma of disorderly w88 live casino" and ensure the healthy operation of the market. First, the rule of law draws clear boundaries for w88 live casino to prevent “irregular w88 live casino” from impacting the foundation of the market. In a market economy, if the profit-seeking nature of enterprises lacks rigid constraints, it may lead to behaviors such as "winner-take-all", "low-price dumping" and "malicious exclusion of rivals". The rule of law delineates insurmountable red lines for all business entities by clarifying prohibitive clauses and determining rights and obligations. For example, the Anti-Monopoly Law's regulation of abuse of market dominance and the review mechanism for concentration of business operators, and the Anti-Unfair w88 live casino Law's regulatory measures for false propaganda, all use legal provisions to bring competitive behavior into a standardized track and prevent disorderly w88 live casino from eroding the foundation of market operation. Second, the rule of law stabilizes the expectations of business entities and reduces institutional transaction costs. The prerequisite for enterprises to participate in w88 live casino is to have a stable judgment on the market environment. The rule of law allows companies to clearly know what they can and cannot do by fixing w88 live casino rules and unifying law enforcement standards, and avoids confusing business decisions due to vague rules and policy swings. Whether it is the negative list system for market access, regulatory rules for business operations, or property rights protection systems such as intellectual property rights, they can reduce uncertainty in business operations, allow companies to invest in research and development, expand business, and release innovation vitality and development potential with greater peace of mind. Third, the rule of law balances w88 live casino efficiency and fairness and prevents the phenomenon of "bad money driving out good money". Disorderly w88 live casino is often accompanied by problems such as "low quality and low price" and "indiscriminate use of quantity". It may seem that it reduces the prices of some commodities in the short term, but in fact it damages the rights and interests of consumers and dampens the enthusiasm of enterprises for innovation. The rule of law transforms "honest w88 live casino" from moral advocacy into institutional requirements by standardizing product quality standards and combating intellectual property infringements, guiding companies to focus their w88 live casino on technological innovation and quality improvement, concentrating market resources on high-quality entities, and promoting healthy industrial upgrading. Fourth, the rule of law regulates the relationship between the government and the market to prevent administrative intervention from distorting w88 live casino. If the government's regulation of the market lacks legal constraints, problems such as "selective regulation" and "local protection" will easily arise. By limiting the government's inappropriate intervention in micro-w88 live casino activities, the boundaries of the government's responsibilities in rule formulation and public services are clarified; through the fair w88 live casino review system, local policies, industrial subsidies, etc. are prevented from hindering w88 live casino in disguise, which is conducive to ensuring that government actions always serve the goal of maintaining market fairness and stimulating market vitality. Therefore, to control disorderly w88 live casino among enterprises, we must make good use of legal means.
Using rule-based governance to further coordinate the relationship between effective markets and promising governments is the basic prerequisite for governing disorderly w88 live casino in accordance with the law. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed “building a high-level socialist market economic system.” A "high-level" market requires effective market mechanisms, dynamic micro entities, adequate macro-control, and a complete legal system, and regulates the government's "visible hand" in areas such as rule formulation, supervision and law enforcement, and public services. First, at the rule-making level, w88 live casino red lines should be further clarified in legal form. To control "disorderly w88 live casino", we must first understand clearly what "order" our market needs, and continue to improve laws and regulations such as the Anti-Monopoly Law and the Anti-Unfair w88 live casino Law, and refine the identification standards for new types of unfair w88 live casino behaviors such as algorithmic discrimination, big data familiarity, and platform "choose-one", so that companies can clearly understand the boundaries of w88 live casino. The government must assume the responsibility of providing clear rules for industries and business entities to avoid w88 live casino caused by blank rules. The second is to use professional technology to improve regulatory accuracy and avoid "selective" and "campaign-style" enforcement in terms of regulatory enforcement. In our country, in addition to the two important w88 live casino laws, the Anti-Monopoly Law and the Anti-Unfair w88 live casino Law, there are also many laws such as the Price Law, the Consumer Rights Protection Law, the Advertising Law, and the E-Commerce Law. Under this pattern of "multi-law co-governance and multi-department co-management", it is particularly important to clarify the boundaries of different regulatory rules, strengthen the coordination of central and local law enforcement, and unify the scale and standards of local law enforcement. In particular, we must intensify efforts to rectify problems such as counterfeiting, shoddy work, and substandard materials in "involved" w88 live casino, so as to establish a solid bottom line for market order and the consumer environment. Third, in terms of public services, by strengthening "infrastructure" such as statistical data, market dynamic research reports, credit information, quality standards, and intellectual property rights, we can reduce the cost of identifying market needs and formulating business strategies for enterprises, and promote the participation of long-term capital and patient capital in market operations.
Insisting on equal treatment of business entities is an inevitable requirement for governing disorderly w88 live casino in accordance with the law. Fair w88 live casino is the lifeline of the market economy, and equal treatment of all types of business entities is an inevitable requirement and prerequisite for fair w88 live casino, and it is also an important breakthrough to eliminate disorderly w88 live casino. On the one hand, legal rigidity is used to ensure “everyone is equal before the rules.” The "Private Economy Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China" establishes a national unified negative list system for market access and a fair w88 live casino review system from a legal perspective, providing legal protection for private enterprises to participate in w88 live casino on an equal footing; the "Fair w88 live casino Review Regulations" and their implementation measures are deployed to curb vicious w88 live casino in local investment promotion and further remove obstacles to fair w88 live casino such as local protections and regional barriers. The core of these institutional arrangements is to ensure that all business entities compete under the same rules through legal means. On the other hand, "substantial equality" should be achieved in resource allocation and rights protection: in terms of market access, no additional thresholds should be set based on the nature of enterprise ownership; in terms of land supply, tax incentives, financing support and other policies, state-owned enterprises and private enterprises, large enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises should be treated equally to avoid "favoring one and favoring the other"; in terms of rights protection, increase the number of small and medium-sized enterprises Strengthen the support of enterprises to prevent large enterprises from taking advantage of their advantageous position to implement "squeezing w88 live casino", which not only prevents state-owned enterprises from extending natural monopolies and administrative monopolies into market monopolies, but also prevents private enterprises from eroding public interests due to the disorderly expansion of capital, forming a good w88 live casino ecology of "national progress, large, medium and small symbiosis", and fundamentally eliminating disorderly w88 live casino caused by inequality of subjects.
Promoting mutual promotion between the domestic market and the international market is an important aspect of governing disorderly competition in accordance with the law. In the pattern of economic globalization, our country's market has become an important "stable anchor" for the allocation of global factor resources. Enterprise competition is increasingly breaking through national boundaries. Competition governance needs to take into account both domestic and international dimensions, and the connection and coordination of domestic and foreign rules must be achieved through the rule of law. On the one hand, it actively integrates into the international competition rules system and achieves the organic integration of domestic systems and international rules through legal means. In the process of aligning with high-standard international economic and w88 rules such as the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) and the Digital Economy Partnership Agreement (DEPA), it is necessary to deeply explore the market concepts and competition logic behind the international rules, and transform the contents on fair competition, intellectual property protection, cross-border data flow, etc. into institutional arrangements through the revision of domestic laws and regulations. For example, we should improve the supporting details of the Foreign Investment Law, optimize customs protection measures for intellectual property rights, bring domestic market competition rules into line with international standards, and reduce competition barriers caused by differences in rules. On the other hand, the rule of law conveys the signal of opening up of my country’s market and enhances the international market’s satisfaction with my country’s competitive environment. The advantage of my country's ultra-large market is inseparable from a stable, transparent and predictable competitive environment. By protecting the legitimate rights and interests of foreign-funded enterprises in accordance with the law and unifying the competition rules of domestic and foreign-funded enterprises, it can attract more international capital, technology and talents to enter the Chinese market. At the same time, it provides legal protection for domestic enterprises to "go global" and participate in international competition, helps enterprises to become familiar with international competition rules, achieves a positive interaction between the domestic competition order and the international competition order, and promotes the formation of a fair and orderly competition pattern with internal and external linkage.
(The author is the director of the Competition Law Center of the w88 casino and a member of the expert advisory group of the Anti-Monopoly and Anti-Unfair Competition Committee of the State Council)
Attachment: Original link
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/z6Zza58QFbkZ2PZa-_6dCQ
