(Source: People’s Daily Client 2025-09-08)
From closed to open, it means expanding from domestic resource allocation to world resource allocation, and expanding from meeting domestic demand to meeting world market demand. Even if a planned economy based on administrative means can control domestic resources, it cannot control external resources; even if it can control domestic demand, it cannot determine external market demand. Therefore, if we want to open up to the outside world, we must change our way of thinking, look at the world, abandon the highly centralized planned economy, implement a market economy, let the market mechanism determine resource allocation, and make extensive use of international resources and international markets. This is a fundamental reform.
Since 1978, China has firmly implemented the basic national policy of opening up to the outside world, and has painted a magnificent historical picture of promoting reform and development through opening up. During the turbulent years of opening up to the outside world, China broke through ideological shackles and gradually expanded the geographical space and industrial fields open to the outside world based on its own w88 mobile and social conditions, forming an all-round opening up pattern. It adapted, accepted, and followed international w88 mobile rules, fully participated in the process of w88 mobile globalization, complied with the requirements of productivity development, gave full play to its comparative advantages, embedded itself in the global industrial chain, value chain, and supply chain, cultivated competitive advantages, expanded global resource allocation space, and promoted the Chinese nation on the road to great rejuvenation.
China’s opening up to the outside world has achieved world-recognized achievements. It has grown from a small trading country to a large trading country. The total volume of w88 in goods and services has jumped to the first place in the world. The import and export volume of goods has maintained the first place in the world since 2017. The import and export volume of services has jumped to the forefront of the world. It has transformed from being exclusive of foreign investment to a hot spot for foreign investment. The actual use of foreign direct investment has ranked first among developing countries and among the top in the world. The quality of foreign investment has continued to improve. From introduction to going out, after foreign direct investment It has become a major international investment country, with Chinese companies all over the world; from foreign exchange shortages to foreign exchange reserves, it ranks first in the world; the "Belt and Road" initiative has won the recognition of the international community, economic and w88 cooperation has been fruitful, a free w88 zone network has been initially formed, and its ability to participate in global governance has been significantly improved. Its contribution rate to world economic growth has risen to the first place, exceeding 30%, and it has become the backbone of maintaining and promoting economic globalization. Continue to expand opening up to the outside world, promote rapid economic development, and create the miracle of long-term rapid economic growth in China. A higher level of opening up promotes high-quality development and brings the national economy to a new level.
Opening up to the outside world is a manifestation of historical experience
Throughout the history of human development, "openness brings progress, while closure leads to backwardness." Looking around the world, after experiencing the first industrial revolution, Britain made extensive use of the world market and global resources to become the world's largest w88 mobile power. After the second industrial revolution, the United States gradually replaced the United Kingdom as the world's most powerful country and established a world w88 mobile order in line with its national interests. Capital's tentacles spread to every corner of the world. Openness and development promoted each other. The United States has long maintained its leading position in the world economy. From the 1950s to the 1970s, Japan gave full play to its comparative advantages in opening up and achieved rapid growth for 20 years, creating a miracle of Japanese w88 mobile growth. Driven by Asia’s “Flying Geese Model”, Taiwan, China, set a new record of 26 years of rapid growth. South Korea achieved the world-famous “Miracle on the Han River” with 30 years of rapid development, and successfully crossed the “middle-income trap” at the end of the 20th century and entered the ranks of high-income countries. The ASEAN region also created the “East Asian Miracle” together with other East Asian countries by developing an export-oriented economy and undertaking labor-intensive industries. The realization of these rapid growth all benefited from the w88 mobile opening policy.
In the five thousand years of development history of the Chinese nation, the open era was an era of prosperity and rapid development; the closed period was a period of backwardness and slow development. The Han and Tang Dynasties were prosperous, open and prosperous. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, China entered a "dead end" of isolation and self-reliance, and the gap with advanced countries became wider and wider. The great country became the prey of the great powers. After the founding of New China, subject to the complex environment at home and abroad, it gradually embarked on a closed road, and the w88 mobile gap with advanced countries and regions widened. After the reform and opening up, China has embarked on a successful path of promoting reform and development through opening up, and has grown into the world's second largest economy. The Chinese nation has increasingly moved closer to the center of the world w88 mobile stage.
The reason why openness can promote w88 mobile and social development is that openness conforms to the law of productivity development. Opening up can change the scale of capital and labor input, promote technological progress and w88 mobile structure upgrading, promote reform and w88 mobile system changes, and inject inexhaustible power into w88 mobile development.
To sum up historical experience, we must move forward in the logic of historical progress and develop in the trend of the development of the times. China's door of opening up will not close, but will only open wider and wider. China's pace of promoting a higher level of opening up will not stop!
The socialist market economy is an open economy
When China chooses market-oriented reform and finally decides to establish a socialist market economic system, it will inevitably require comprehensive opening up to the outside world. The socialist market economy is based on socialized large-scale production. With the in-depth evolution of socialized large-scale production, social division of labor develops into international division of labor, social production develops into international investment and international production, domestic w88 develops into international w88, and economic globalization becomes the inevitable result of the continuous development of social productivity. In order to comply with the objective requirements of productivity development, we must expand opening up to the outside world, continuously improve the level of opening up to the outside world, and actively participate in and promote economic globalization. The socialist market economy is an economy in which the market determines the allocation of resources. In allocating resources, the market must break through the restrictions between regions and countries, connect the markets of different regions and countries, and allocate resources in the global market. The socialist market economy still needs to improve itself, and the task of comprehensively deepening reform is still arduous. It needs to draw on the mature experience of other countries in developing market economies at a higher level, input external motivation for reform, break through internal resistance to reform, and form a positive interaction between opening up and reform.
A higher level of opening up is a requirement for high-quality w88 mobile development
High-quality development no longer simply relies on the expansion of factor resource input to drive w88 mobile growth, but mainly relies on cultivating new w88 mobile competitive advantages, improving total factor productivity, and achieving sustainable development of the national economy. Only by comprehensively improving the level of openness can factor cost advantages be transformed into competitive advantages, the world's manufacturing center be transformed into the world's creation center, a trading country be transformed into a trading power, a country that absorbs foreign investment be transformed into a country that invests abroad, and a participant in global w88 mobile governance be transformed into an important contributor. In a higher level of opening up, Promoting reforms, creating a good institutional environment and external conditions for the extensive use of the world market and global high-quality factor resources, promoting the orderly and free flow of international and domestic factors, efficient allocation of resources, and deep market integration, and accelerating the cultivation of new advantages in participating in and leading international w88 mobile cooperation and competition can better promote high-quality w88 mobile development.
A higher level of opening up is a requirement for implementing new development concepts
In a higher level of opening up, we will create an excellent business environment and attract high-quality factor resources from around the world for our use, which will help to quickly improve independent innovation capabilities and better achieve innovative development; in a higher level of opening up, we will build a new pattern of comprehensive opening up with land, sea and domestic linkage, and east-west mutual assistance, so that the relatively backward central and western regions and border areas will change from the tail end of openness to the frontier of openness. Opening up will promote faster development in the central and western regions and help narrow the gap between Regional disparity and balanced development; at a higher level of opening up, introducing climate-friendly technologies, absorbing high-quality foreign investment that meets environmental protection standards, developing green w88, strengthening international cooperation in environmental governance, and drawing on the experience of advanced countries in developing green economies will help achieve green development; at a higher level of opening up, expanding the scope of foreign investment access and guiding high-quality foreign investment into the public service field will help promote equalization of public services and achieve shared development.
A higher level of opening up is a requirement for building a new development pattern
The new development pattern is “by no means a closed domestic cycle, but a more open domestic and international dual cycle.” Only a higher level of openness can quickly break through the blockages in all aspects of production relations in the establishment of a high-level open w88 mobile system; only a higher level of openness can release the advantages of the domestic market, strengthen connections with the world economy, avoid being separated from the global industrial chain, value chain, and supply chain, steadily enhance my country's position in the global industrial chain, value chain, and establish a safe and controllable supply chain system; only a higher level of openness and strengthen domestic and foreign w88 mobile and technological cooperation can quickly improve independent innovation capabilities, break through "stuck-neck" technologies, and improve the efficiency and level of the domestic cycle.
A higher level of opening up is the right choice to cope with the great changes in the world economy
The world today is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century. The in-depth development of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation focusing on digitalization, networking, and intelligence has led to more intense global innovation competition, the restructuring of the global economic structure, and profound changes in the production, lifestyle, and way of thinking of human society, which has brought extensive and far-reaching impacts to the international pattern and international system. A large number of emerging market countries and developing countries, including China, are experiencing rapid economic rise. The international balance of power has undergone major changes, and the world is becoming increasingly multi-polar. The existing global governance system cannot adapt to changes in the world and is facing governance deficit, trust deficit, peace deficit, and development deficit. The call for reforming the global governance system is getting stronger and stronger. At the same time, w88 and investment protectionism and unilateralism have emerged in some countries, economic globalization has encountered countercurrents, w88 frictions and conflicts have intensified, international economic and w88 rules have become fragmented, and the multilateral trading system is facing severe challenges. Frequent geopolitical conflicts have intensified the polarization of the world, leading to the disruption of some global supply chains and casting a shadow over the world economy.
Amidst the great changes in the world, China is facing both unprecedented development opportunities and unprecedented challenges. Implementing a higher level of opening up is not only a practical action to support w88 mobile globalization and maintain an open world economy, it can inject confidence and impetus into the recovery and development of the world economy. It is also a strategic decision to create a friendly external environment, cope with the challenges of major changes in the world, seize opportunities, promote steady w88 mobile growth, and promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Looking forward to the new journey, China will expand independent opening up and unilateral opening up in an orderly manner, combine independent unilateral opening up with negotiated opening up, and forge ahead on the road to a higher level of opening up. Domestically, we focus on institutional openness and accelerate the construction of a new open w88 mobile system; externally, we actively participate in the reform of the global w88 mobile governance system and promote w88 mobile globalization to benefit more countries.
Institutional opening requires studying and judging the changing trends of international economic and w88 rules, setting high standards for international economic and w88 rules, continuously promoting the liberalization and facilitation of border rules, focusing on post-border measures, and building an open system of "market access + fair competition". Upgrade regional open platforms, use regional platforms such as free w88 ports and free w88 pilot zones to lead institutional innovation, fully implement national treatment for foreign-invested enterprises, standardize subsidy behavior, and create a non-discriminatory regulatory system; promote the classification reform of state-owned enterprises, fully implement fair competition review and fair supervision systems, and establish a competitively neutral regulatory system; improve the transparency of government decision-making, improve the disclosure system of government decision-making information, and create a transparent and open regulatory ecosystem; create a world-class business environment and form an institutional mechanism with free flow of factors, convenient investment and operation, and high-quality and efficient services. Taking institutional openness as a breakthrough, we aim to open up domestic and international markets, form a unified, open, competitive and orderly domestic market, smooth domestic and international economic cycles, provide institutional guarantees, attract global high-quality factor resources with a high-level open economic system, and promote the establishment of an industrial system with strong international competitiveness.
In institutional opening, it is necessary to establish an open concept of security, properly handle the relationship between openness and security, and improve the risk prevention mechanism. Only by adhering to a higher level of opening up can national security be better achieved. Only by taking the initiative in opening up can national security be guaranteed. Only by actively participating in the formulation of international economic and w88 rules can national security be safeguarded. Only by preventing risks in advance and establishing a complete risk prevention mechanism can open risks be effectively controlled.
Promote the reform of the global economic governance system, advocate a new type of globalization that is "rules-based and common development-oriented", and promote globalization to develop in a more open, inclusive, universally beneficial, balanced, and win-win direction. With the goal of building a community with a shared future for mankind, we will promote high-quality joint construction of the Belt and Road Initiative, increase the supply of international public goods, and alleviate the imbalance of interests among countries in economic globalization. Actively participate in regional economic cooperation and build a high-standard free w88 zone network based on surrounding areas, radiating the "One Belt and One Road", and facing the world. Support the reform of the global economic governance system, actively participate in the formulation of global economic governance rules in emerging areas, maintain the effective operation of the multilateral governance system, and make economic globalization benefit the world.
To sort out the context of China's opening to the outside world since the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in 1978, to tell the story of China's opening to the outside world, to explain the internal logic of China's opening to the outside world, to interpret the experience of China's opening to the outside world, to explore the environmental changes, opportunities and challenges faced by China's opening to the outside world, to judge the prospects of China's opening to the outside world, and to provide readers with popular reading materials to understand China's opening to the outside world. This is the purpose of the book "Understanding China's opening to the outside world".
I would like to dedicate this book to friends who care about China’s opening up to the outside world.
This article is the preface to the book "Understanding Opening Up" (Sang Baichuan, Shi Ruizhen, et al., published by People's Daily Press). The book was recommended by a special article in the paper version of "People's Daily" on September 24, 2025. It was also selected into the People's Daily Library Jintai Good Book List in September 2025.
Attached original text link:https://www.peopleapp.com/column/30050207060-500007078925
