(Source: China Industrial News Network 2025-11-02)
Dong Xiucheng
In the past few decades, the global automobile industry has experienced unprecedented changes, and new energy vehicles (NEV, NewEnergyVehicles), as the core of this change, are leading the future development direction of the automobile industry. As one of the world's largest automobile markets, China's rise in the field of new energy vehicles is particularly eye-catching. According to China's 2035 independent contribution target commitment, new energy vehicles will become the mainstream of new sales vehicles.
Development status of new energy vehicles in China
In 2020, China clearly proposed the goal of peaking carbon emissions before 2030 and becoming carbon neutral before 2060, injecting new impetus into the new energy vehicle industry. This goal not only requires the automobile industry to accelerate its transformation, but also prompts the government to increase investment in research and development support, infrastructure construction, etc., laying a solid foundation for the popularization of new energy vehicles. At present, the development of new energy vehicles in China has achieved remarkable results, showing the characteristics of rapid expansion of market scale, continuous improvement of technological level, and increasingly perfect industrial ecology, and has become an important force in the global new energy vehicle industry.
1. Rapid growth in market size
According to data from the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, sales of new energy vehicles in China have increased from less than 100,000 vehicles in 2015 to 3.3 million vehicles in 2021, with an average annual compound growth rate of more than 40%. With technological advancement and cost reduction, the cost performance of new energy vehicles has gradually improved, and consumer acceptance has continued to increase. In particular, the rapid growth of the A00-class and A-class model markets has further expanded the popularity of new energy vehicles. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China's new energy vehicle sales grew at an average annual growth rate of over 50%, exceeding 12 million units in 2024. In the first eight months of 2025, the cumulative wholesale sales of new energy passenger vehicles were approximately 8.931 million units, a year-on-year increase of 33.5%. In August, the wholesale penetration rate of new energy vehicle manufacturers reached 52.2%. Although the number of charging stations is growing rapidly, charging facilities are still insufficient compared to the huge number of new energy vehicles, especially in third- and fourth-tier cities and rural areas. Therefore, this year, the Chinese government and enterprises are continuing to increase investment in optimizing the layout of charging and battery swapping networks and improving the efficiency of facility utilization.
2. Technical level has been significantly improved
As the core component of new energy vehicles, the performance of batteries directly affects the vehicle's endurance and cost. In recent years, Chinese companies have made significant progress in the field of battery technology. Companies such as CATL and BYD have not only continued to make breakthroughs in battery energy density, but have also achieved important results in battery safety and life management. In addition, the research and development of new battery technologies such as solid-state batteries and lithium-sulfur batteries have brought new growth points to China's new energy vehicle industry. With the mature application of 5G, AI and other technologies, new energy vehicles are gradually developing towards intelligence and connectivity. The application of autonomous driving, intelligent network connection, and V2X (Vehicle to Everything) technology not only improves driving safety and comfort, but also provides more value-added services for vehicles. Chinese companies have also shown strong innovation capabilities in these fields, such as Baidu Apollo and Xpeng Motors, which are actively exploring commercialization paths for autonomous driving technology.
At present, China's power battery technology has made significant progress, with charging efficiency increased by more than four times, unit costs reduced by 30%, and lifespan increased by 40%. It leads the world in motors and electronic control systems, and the localization rate of complete vehicles exceeds 95%. The proportion of new passenger cars with combined assisted driving functions will increase from 16.2% in 2020 to 62.1% in the first half of 2025. However, issues such as battery range, charging efficiency, and safety are still the focus of the industry. China is strengthening basic research to break through key technological bottlenecks, and at the same time establishing complete safety standards and regulatory systems to ensure consumer safety.
3. Strong policy support
The rapid development of China's new energy automobile industry is largely due to the strong promotion at the national level. Since 2009, the Chinese government has successively introduced a series of supportive policies, including car purchase subsidies, exemption from purchase tax, and construction of charging infrastructure, which have greatly stimulated market vitality. In 2017, four departments including the Ministry of Finance jointly issued the "Notice on Adjusting and Improving Fiscal Subsidy Policies for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles", marking the launch of the subsidy reduction mechanism, aiming to gradually reduce direct intervention in the market and guide the industry to transform towards high-quality development. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China has issued more than 70 industrial policy measures such as the "New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan" and launched more than 100 national and industry standards. A total of more than 200 billion yuan has been set up in various places to develop special funds for the development of the new energy vehicle industry, and activities such as charging and swapping facilities in counties to make up for shortcomings and bringing new energy vehicles to the countryside have been carried out.
4. The industrial ecology is increasingly improving
The younger generation of consumers has become the main purchasing power group of new energy vehicles. They pay more attention to environmental protection, sense of technology and brand experience. Intelligent interconnection functions, appearance design, and brand reputation have become important factors affecting purchasing decisions. In addition, the rise of emerging models such as shared travel and online car-hailing has also provided new application scenarios for new energy vehicles. The new energy automobile industry has driven hundreds of industrial chains to rise together, driving the development of high-quality special steel, electronic information manufacturing and other industries. At the same time, infrastructure such as charging piles and battery swap stations have been improved, providing convenience for the use of new energy vehicles.
5. Increased international influence
China's new energy vehicle exports have increased significantly, with an average of more than 5,000 new energy vehicles driving to more than 180 countries and regions every day, becoming a bright business card of Made in China. With the rapid growth of the global new energy vehicle market, international competition is becoming increasingly fierce. External factors such as the rise of w88 protectionism and increasing technical barriers have brought challenges to Chinese new energy automobile companies. Enterprises need to strengthen international cooperation, enhance the international competitiveness of their brands, pay attention to policy changes, and flexibly respond to the uncertainty of the international w88 environment.
It is feasible for China to achieve its 2035 new energy vehicle goal
According to the strategic deployment of the "New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan (2021-2035)", by 2025, the proportion of new energy vehicles in overall new car sales is expected to reach approximately 20%. However, the actual situation is that the penetration rate of new energy vehicles in China has rapidly climbed to 27.6% in 2022, achieving the set target three years ahead of schedule. According to statistics from the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, as of 2024, my country's new energy vehicle sales have reached 12.866 million units, accounting for 40.9% of total new vehicle sales, of which pure electric vehicles account for as high as 60%, further highlighting the rapid growth of the new energy vehicle market and changes in consumer preferences. It is estimated that by 2025, the penetration of new energy vehicles in China may approach or exceed 50%, far exceeding the Chinese government’s expected goals. According to industry estimates, the penetration rate of new energy vehicles in China is expected to reach 70% in 2030.
According to China’s 2035 Intended Contributions Target Commitment, new energy vehicles have become the mainstream of new sales vehicles, which means that in the new automobile sales market, the penetration rate of new energy vehicles will be higher than in 2030. This indicates that the commitment is committed to promoting pure electric vehicles to gradually become the dominant force in new sales vehicles through unremitting efforts in the next ten years, and maintains a high degree of consistency with the national Intended Contribution Targets for greenhouse gas emissions.
In recent years, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles have become the focus of market attention with their significant growth momentum. This may explain why the country has set "new energy vehicles as the mainstream of new sales vehicles" as a new independent contribution goal, and is not limited to pure electric vehicles.
Today, the trend of Chinese and foreign car companies "learning from each other and working together in both directions" is taking shape. Chinese car companies are deepening their overseas localization layout, and foreign-funded companies are also continuing to delve into the Chinese market.
In order to achieve the 2035 goal, China should focus on the following key tasks: First, strengthen industrial chain coordination and innovation ecological construction. Build an innovation system with enterprises as the main body, market as the guide, and deep integration of industry, academia, and research, strengthen collaborative cooperation between the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain, and enhance overall competitiveness. Increase investment in the research and development of key core technologies to promote industrial upgrading and transformation; second, promote the process of standardization and internationalization. Actively participate in international standardization work and promote the integration of China's new energy vehicle standards with international standards. Strengthen international cooperation, expand overseas markets, and enhance the global influence of China's new energy vehicle brands; third, optimize the policy environment and market mechanism construction. Improve the policy system related to new energy vehicles, including fiscal and taxation support, financial policies, etc., to create a market environment for fair competition. Explore and establish an incentive mechanism based on carbon emissions to promote green and low-carbon development.
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