Deepen the reform of education w88 mobile in the new era and comprehensively improve the quality of undergraduate education and teaching
——The person in charge of the Education Supervision Bureau of the Ministry of Education answered reporters’ questions on the “Implementation Plan for the Review and w88 mobile of Undergraduate Education and Teaching in General Colleges and Universities (2021-2025)”
2021-02-07 Source: Collection of the Ministry of Education
Recently, the Ministry of Education issued the "Implementation Plan for the Review and w88 mobile of Undergraduate Education and Teaching in General Colleges and Universities (2021-2025)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan"), launching a new round of review and w88 mobile work. The person in charge of the Education Supervision Bureau of the Ministry of Education answered reporters’ questions on relevant issues.
1. Please briefly introduce the background and significance of the “Plan”
Answer: General Secretary Xi Jinping made important instructions at the National Education Conference to deepen the reform of the education system, improve the implementation mechanism of moral education, reverse the unscientific orientation of educational w88 mobile, resolutely overcome the stubborn diseases of only scores, only promotion, only diplomas, only papers, and only hats, and fundamentally solve the problem of educational w88 mobile baton. General Secretary Xi Jinping's important exposition on education provides fundamental guidance for the reform of higher education assessment, especially the reform of undergraduate education and teaching. The introduction of the "Plan" is of great significance to the reform and development of undergraduate education and teaching.
First, fully implement the central education w88 mobile reform tasks. In 2020, the central government issued the "Overall Plan for Deepening the Reform of Education w88 mobile in the New Era" and "Opinions on Deepening the Reform of the Education Supervision System and Mechanism in the New Era", which clearly proposed to "improve undergraduate education teaching w88 mobile and promote classified w88 mobile of colleges and universities" and "strengthen and improve education w88 mobile monitoring." Based on the times and facing the future, overall planning for a new round of review and w88 mobile plays an important role in implementing the central education w88 mobile reform requirements, guiding colleges and universities to firmly establish the correct direction of running schools, and ensuring the "last mile" of talent training quality.
The second is to accelerate the construction of a quality assurance system for higher education with Chinese characteristics. Higher education evaluation is a statutory task of the Higher Education Law and an important part of the modern higher education system. 40 years of practice have proven that evaluation plays an irreplaceable role in promoting the quality improvement of higher education and ensuring the healthy development of higher education. Audit and evaluation is an important part of the higher education quality assurance system. Developing a new round of audit and evaluation plans, building an audit and evaluation system with Chinese characteristics that meets the needs of the times, and establishing and improving a diagnosis and improvement mechanism for internal and external collaboration within and outside the w88 casino are urgent tasks to accelerate the institutionalization and long-term effectiveness of the higher education quality assurance system.
The third is to effectively improve the w88 mobile of undergraduate education and teaching. The last round of review and w88 mobile has played a significant role in guiding colleges and universities to "strengthen their connotations and promote characteristics." The w88 mobile concept standards have formed a broad consensus on the front, become a brand of higher education w88 mobile, and have a positive impact internationally. However, there are still some shortcomings such as insufficient w88 mobile to promote the establishment of moral education and people-building implementation mechanisms in colleges and universities, unclear w88 mobile classifications, weak w88 mobile results, and weak w88 mobile rectification. There is an urgent need to reform and innovate the review and w88 mobile work on the basis of inherited experience.
2. Please briefly introduce the design ideas of the "Plan"
Answer: The "Plan" adheres to the following design ideas:
First, proactively adapt to the needs of the transitional development of higher education. At present, higher education has entered the stage of popularization, and cultivating people with moral integrity has become the fundamental task. "Being fundamental" and "four returns" have become the propositions of the times, and diversified development has become an inevitable trend. The new round of review and w88 mobile closely follows the characteristics of "transfer" and the focus of university w88 mobile in the next five years. It pays more attention to the w88 mobile of the effectiveness of cultivating moral character and cultivating people, and pays more attention to consolidating the basic status of undergraduate education and teaching. It pays more attention to hierarchical and classified w88 mobile to guide the scientific positioning and characteristic development of universities.
The second is to inherit and develop the successful experience of the previous round of review and w88 mobile. The new round of audit and w88 mobile is not a reinvention, but a continuation, improvement and upgrade of the previous round of audit and w88 mobile. Fully inherit the experience and practices generally recognized by higher education fronts such as "measuring yourself with your own ruler" and "five degrees" in the last round of review and w88 mobile, actively draw on the advanced concepts of international higher education quality assurance, comprehensively meet the new requirements of undergraduate education in the new era, and systematically design, reform and innovate in terms of w88 mobile guiding ideology, conceptual standards, methods and technologies.
The third is to accurately grasp the key points of the new round of review and w88 mobile work. Adhere to problem orientation and demand orientation, and strive to solve issues that are of concern to the party groups of the Central Committee and the Ministry of Education, the masses, and society. Implement classified policies and precise w88 mobile according to the educational goals and service orientations of colleges and universities at different levels and types. Highlight the diagnostic function of assessment, be a good "doctor" and "coach", strengthen the use of assessment results, and promote the establishment and improvement of internal quality assurance systems in colleges and universities. Innovate w88 mobile methods and methods, make full use of modern information technology, and adopt a combination of online and on-campus, qualitative and quantitative, and open and secret inspections to reduce burdens and increase efficiency.
3. Please briefly introduce the development process of the "Plan"
Answer: The "Plan" took more than 2 years to develop, bringing together the wisdom and efforts of many high-level experts and front-line teachers in higher education. It is mainly divided into four processes:
First, thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the Central Committee. Systematically study and understand General Secretary Xi Jinping's important expositions on education and the spirit of the National Education Conference, comprehensively benchmark and compare the latest policy documents of the Party Committee of the Central Committee and the Ministry of Education, and integrate relevant requirements into the "Plan" to accurately grasp the correct direction for the new round of review and w88 mobile.
The second is to focus on key and difficult issues to carry out special research. A team of more than 50 high-level research and development experts was formed to collectively tackle key problems. They cooperated deeply with well-known domestic universities and set up multiple research topics around "cultivating moral values", "innovation and entrepreneurship education" and "classroom revolution". They systematically studied new experiences and trends in higher education quality assurance in more than 40 countries and regions, and formed 9 special research reports, which consolidated the theoretical support for the development of the "Plan".
The third is to go deep into the front line and conduct comprehensive research. We went to Tsinghua University, Peking University, Beijing Municipal Education Commission and other local universities and provincial (district and municipal) education administrative departments to hold 9 special research meetings, carried out extensive in-depth interviews, special seminars, questionnaire surveys, consulted more than 280 experts and scholars, and collected more than 1,000 questionnaires, laying the practical foundation for the development of the "Plan".
Fourth, listen extensively to the opinions of all parties. It is open to the Ministry of Education’s Undergraduate Education Teaching w88 mobile Expert Committee, relevant departments (units) education departments (bureaus), 31 provincial (autonomous regions and municipalities) education administrative departments and the Xingtuan Education Bureau, covering more than 1,000 ordinary colleges and universities across the country, and extensively solicits opinions from all parties. We held 9 centralized draft revision meetings, analyzed and sorted out more than 500 opinions one by one, and repeatedly polished and revised them. The "Plan" was officially released after being reviewed and approved by the Party Leadership Group Meeting of the Ministry of Education.
4. What are the overall considerations for the new round of review and w88 mobile?
Answer: The "Plan" thoroughly implements the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second, Third, Fourth and Fifth Plenary Sessions of the 19th Central Committee, implements General Secretary Xi Jinping's important exposition on education and the spirit of the National Education Conference, comprehensively meets the requirements for the reform of education w88 mobile and education supervision systems and mechanisms in the new era, carries out top-level design and institutional arrangements at the level of guiding ideology and work goals, guides and urges universities to follow the laws of higher education and undergraduate talent training, and focuses on comprehensively improving the quality of undergraduate education and teaching.
In terms of guiding ideology, we always regard the "Five Persistences" as the basic compliance and action guide for the new round of review and w88 mobile: First, adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era; Second, adhere to the implementation of the "Four Services" of education and the requirements for undergraduate education in the new era; Third, persist in eliminating the stubborn miasma of the "Five Onlys" and reverse unscientific education. The fourth is to persist in using w88 mobile to promote construction, w88 mobile to promote reform, w88 mobile to promote management, and w88 mobile to promote strength, and guide the connotation development, characteristic development, and innovative development of colleges and universities; fifth, adhere to the construction of university quality culture, guide colleges and universities to establish and improve the undergraduate education and teaching quality assurance system, and cultivate socialist builders and successors with comprehensive development of moral, intellectual, physical, artistic, and labor.
In terms of work objectives, it is emphasized that "one foundation, two highlights, three reinforcements, and five degrees" are the common vision and value pursuit of the new round of review and evaluation. The first foundation: comprehensively implement the fundamental task of cultivating moral character and cultivating people, establish and improve the implementation mechanism of cultivating moral character and cultivating people, and regard the effectiveness of cultivating moral character and cultivating people as the basic criterion for testing all work of the w88 casino. Two highlights: that is, highlighting the "centeredness" to ensure the core position of undergraduate education and teaching; highlighting the "four returns", implementing the relevant requirements of the "three unqualified" and "eight firsts", and guiding colleges and universities to simultaneously implement the "five educations" to cultivate new people of the era. Three strengthening: taking student development as the basis, strengthening student-centered, output-oriented, continuous improvement, and promoting the transformation of the talent training paradigm from "teaching-centered" to "learning-centered". Five degrees: focusing on the achievement of talent training goals, adaptability to social needs, guarantee of teachers and conditions, effectiveness of quality assurance operations, and student and employer satisfaction.
In terms of work principles, the first is to persist in cultivating people with moral integrity. Firmly adhere to the direction of socialist w88 casino running, build an evaluation system based on the effectiveness of moral education as the fundamental criterion, strengthen the review of w88 casino running direction, education process, student development, quality assurance system and other aspects, and guide colleges and universities to build a "three-round education" pattern. The second is to persist in promoting reform. Closely adhere to the main line of undergraduate education and teaching reform, implement "centeredness" and "four regressions", strengthen student-centered, output-oriented, continuous improvement, lead the reform with assessment concepts, implement reforms with assessment measures, test reforms with assessment standards, and achieve high-quality and connotative development. The third is to adhere to classified guidance. To adapt to the diversified development needs of higher education, implement classified evaluations and precise evaluations based on the w88 casino-running positioning, training objectives, education and teaching levels and quality assurance system construction of different types of colleges and universities at different levels, to guide and encourage the development of each college's strengths and characteristics. The fourth is to adhere to problem orientation. Establish a "problem list" to strictly control the correct direction of colleges and universities, implement the bottom-line requirements for undergraduate talent training, put forward suggestions for improvement and development, strengthen the use of evaluation results and supervision and review, promote colleges and universities to implement the main responsibilities, establish a long-term mechanism for continuous improvement, and cultivate and practice the quality culture of colleges and universities. The fifth is to persist in method innovation. Comprehensively use modern information technology methods such as the Internet, big data, and artificial intelligence to deeply mine regular monitoring data, and adopt methods such as a combination of online and on-campus visits, a combination of qualitative and quantitative inspections, and a combination of open inspection and unannounced visits to effectively reduce the burden on universities and improve work effectiveness.
5. What are the outstanding features of the new round of review and w88 mobile?
Answer: The new round of review and w88 mobile closely follows the shortcomings of the previous round of w88 mobile and the requirements of undergraduate education in the new era for optimization and improvement, and responds to hot and difficult issues that are concerned by the government, society, and universities.
First, the orientation of cultivating moral character and cultivating people is more clear. In response to the problem that the implementation of moral education in colleges and universities is "soft, weak and broken", and the ideological and political work system has not yet fully integrated into the teaching system, teaching material system, and management system, the "Plan" adheres to the party's overall leadership and the guiding ideology of moral education, integrates moral education into the entire evaluation process, and strengthens the foundation and indicators of moral education. and system construction, establish a negative list of cultivating people with moral character, strengthen the review of w88 casino running direction, education process, student development, etc., guide colleges and universities to build a "three-round education" pattern, adhere to "centeredness", implement the "four returns", strengthen the connotation construction and quality culture of education and teaching, and truly allow cultivating people with moral character to take root.
The second is to resolutely eliminate the "Five Wei" stubborn diseases. In view of the "Five Only" stubborn problems existing in colleges and universities in terms of scientific research evaluation and talent evaluation, the "Plan" comprehensively strengthens the review of w88 casino direction, education process, student development, quality assurance system construction, etc., and guides teachers to concentrate on teaching and educate students with peace of mind. Quantitative evaluation is combined with qualitative evaluation, focusing on the contribution of "hat" teachers to undergraduate talent cultivation, strengthening multi-subject evaluation, and understanding the learning experience of w88 casino students and the w88 casino's talent cultivation situation from different perspectives.
The third is to actively explore classification w88 mobile. In view of the problem of the previous round of review and w88 mobile insisting on "measuring ourselves with our own ruler", the national ruler is too thick and the self-set ruler of colleges and universities is unclear. Focusing on the diverse needs of higher education in the popularization stage, the new round of review and w88 mobile adopts a flexible classification method, refines the ruler by type, and provides two categories and four "w88 mobile packages" to guide a group of colleges and universities to position themselves as world-class, promote a group of colleges and universities to position themselves to cultivate academic talents, and promote a group of colleges and universities to position themselves to cultivate applied talents. Norms of the same type are relatively long and short. Colleges and universities can independently select different types of norm data for comparative analysis to further identify their coordinates and development direction.
Fourth, the burden of assessment is significantly reduced. In response to the problems of many audit indicators, multiple links, and long time in the previous round of audit w88 mobile, the "Plan" insists on reducing the w88 mobile burden and enhancing w88 mobile efficiency. Make full use of information technology to implement the "integration" of online and offline assessments, streamline the number, days, and links of on-campus assessment experts, and adopt majors (courses) that have passed the certification (assessment) of the Ministry of Education and are within the validity period, so as to "reduce" the assessment burden. Create menu-based, customizable assessment tools, and work with schools to develop "personalized" assessment and inspection plans, allowing organizations to "fall down" implementation choices.
The fifth is to highlight the use of evaluation results. Strengthen assessment and rectification to allow the new round of review and assessment to grow teeth. Use the last round of evaluation and rectification as the threshold condition for application acceptance, make a list of problems, stick to the problem list and rectify it to the end, establish a "look back" random supervision and review mechanism, and take accountability measures such as interviewing the person in charge for colleges and universities that have broken through the bottom line of w88 casino running standards and w88 casino running conditions during the rectification period to effectively make the evaluation and rectification "harder".
6. How to carry out assessment classification in audit assessment?
Answer: Based on the overall layout structure of higher education and the positioning, service orientation, and development reality of colleges and universities, this round of review and evaluation is divided into two categories. Universities can make their own choices based on their charters and development plans, taking into account their respective w88 casino positioning, talent training goals, and quality assurance system construction.
The first type of review and w88 mobile is aimed at ordinary undergraduate colleges and universities that have world-class educational goals, first-class teaching staff and education platforms, cultivate first-class innovative talents, and serve the country's major strategic needs. Focus on examining the quality assurance capabilities necessary to build a world-class university and the comprehensive reform measures and results of undergraduate education and teaching.
The second type of review and w88 mobile is based on the different positioning and history of colleges and universities, and is divided into three types: one is applicable to ordinary undergraduate colleges and universities that have participated in the previous round of review and w88 mobile and focus on cultivating academic talents as the main direction; It is applicable to general undergraduate colleges and universities that have participated in the previous round of review and w88 mobile, and focuses on the cultivation of applied talents as the main direction; third, it is applicable to local application-oriented general undergraduate colleges and universities that have passed the qualification assessment for more than 5 years, are participating in the review and w88 mobile for the first time, and have a short undergraduate history. The second type of review and w88 mobile focuses on examining the goal positioning, resource conditions, training process, student development, teaching effectiveness, etc. of undergraduate talent training in colleges and universities.
7. Please briefly introduce the new round of review and w88 mobile indicator system
Answer: The w88 mobile indicator system is divided into two categories and four plans. The first category and the second category have 4 and 7 first-level indicators, 12 and 27 second-level indicators, and 37 and 78 review focus points respectively. The specific features are as follows:
The first is the hierarchical classification design indicator system. The first type of w88 mobile is less but more precise, and is suitable for universities with world-class educational goals, first-class teaching staff and education platforms, cultivating first-class innovative talents, and serving the country's major strategic needs. The second type of w88 mobile is large in volume and wide in scope, and is subdivided into three types, which are respectively applicable to universities that focus on cultivating academic talents, universities that focus on cultivating applied talents, and universities that participate in review and w88 mobile for the first time.
The second is to highlight the key points of undergraduate education and teaching. Set review focus points such as ideological and political education, professors teaching undergraduates, student-teacher ratio, number of courses per student, advantageous specialty majors, dissertation (graduation project) guidance, student management and services, students' participation in social practice, graduate development, employer satisfaction, etc., to promote colleges and universities to deepen education and teaching reform.
The third is the combination of qualitative indicators and quantitative indicators. The indicator system focuses on pushing the bottom line to promote development, which not only reflects the will of the country, but also leaves sufficient room for development for schools. Through modular design of qualitative indicators, unified mandatory options, type required options, characteristic optional options, and first-evaluation-limited options are set for the first time, and universities can choose independently according to requirements and actual w88 casino running conditions. We will increase quantitative indicators and set up mandatory and optional options. The mandatory options will be benchmarked against the national bottom line requirements, and the optional options will guide colleges and universities to develop characteristics and standards.
The fourth is the issue of supervising the “red lines” of running colleges and universities. Add a "negative list" to strengthen the review and w88 mobile of the effectiveness of ideological and political education.
8. How to organize and implement the new round of audit and w88 mobile?
Answer: This round of review and evaluation takes place from 2021 to 2025, and mainly includes evaluation procedures such as evaluation application, w88 casino self-evaluation, expert review, feedback conclusion, deadline rectification, and supervision review. All ordinary undergraduate colleges and universities that are independently established with formal approval from the state should participate in the review and evaluation. Among them: newly-established ordinary undergraduate colleges and universities should first participate in the undergraduate teaching qualification evaluation of ordinary colleges and universities. In principle, they can only participate in this round of review and evaluation after obtaining a "passed" conclusion for 5 years.
The Ministry of Education is responsible for formulating audit and w88 mobile policies and overall plans, coordinating, guiding and supervising the audit and w88 mobile work of schools in various places. The Higher Education Teaching w88 mobile Center of the Ministry of Education (hereinafter referred to as the w88 mobile Center of the Ministry of Education) is entrusted to specifically organize and implement the first and second-category review and w88 mobile of universities affiliated to the central department and the first-category review and w88 mobile of local universities. Provincial education administrative departments are responsible for formulating implementation plans and overall plans for regional review and w88 mobile in accordance with relevant national regulations and requirements and taking into account actual conditions, and submit them to the Ministry of Education for filing. Organize the second-category review and w88 mobile of affiliated universities and recommend universities to participate in the first-category review and w88 mobile work. Select 1-2 colleges and universities to entrust the Ministry of Education’s Assessment Center to guide and carry out the second type of review and assessment pilot to set a good example for comprehensively promoting the review and assessment work in the region. The Assessment Center of the Ministry of Education formulates expert management methods, builds a national unified, open and shared expert database, and establishes expert organization recommendation, professional training, certificated storage, random selection, off-site selection and elimination mechanisms.
9. How to promote undergraduate education and teaching reform through review and w88 mobile?
Answer: The new round of review and w88 mobile takes the effective promotion of undergraduate education and teaching reform as the main line, focuses on systematic, holistic, forward-looking, and coordinated comprehensive reforms to form overall reform results.
First, insist on guiding reforms with w88 mobile ideas. Adhere to the use of w88 mobile to promote construction, w88 mobile to promote reform, w88 mobile to promote management, and w88 mobile to promote strengthening, and fully integrate the internationally advanced concepts of "student-centered, output-oriented, and continuous improvement" as the core concept leading the entire w88 mobile work. Based on student development, stimulating students' learning enthusiasm and potential and hard study are the core elements to improve the quality of talent training, emphasizing the quality of educational output, taking quality assurance mechanisms and capabilities as the focus of w88 mobile, and promoting schools to promptly identify problems and make continuous improvements.
The second is to insist on promoting reform through key w88 mobile indicators. Adhere to the quality requirements of undergraduate education in the new era, strengthen the review of ideological and political education, undergraduate status, student development, teaching excellence, mass entrepreneurship and innovation education, etc., connect the "double first-class" construction monitoring indicators, lead the comprehensive reform and innovation of undergraduate education and teaching, let the teaching reform "move", and promote colleges and universities to achieve new progress in reform and achieve new breakthroughs in key areas such as institutional and mechanism reform, curriculum system reform, and teaching method reform.
The third is to insist on evaluating policy resources to support reform. A list of audit and evaluation questions has been added, especially to target the weak links and major problems in undergraduate education and teaching that have been comprehensively investigated, and the "account cancellation" method has been adopted to catch them to the end. Implement rectification within a time limit and implement the supervision, supervision and accountability system. The Ministry of Education and provincial education administrative departments will supervise and review the rectification situation and key w88 casino running indicators of colleges and universities through random selection, and continue to track the progress of rectification. Carry out the collection and promotion of undergraduate education and teaching demonstration cases to help other universities improve the quality of undergraduate education and teaching.
10. Please briefly introduce the main arrangements for promoting the review and w88 mobile work in the next step
A: In the next step, the Supervision Bureau of the Ministry of Education will issue supporting documents and deploy a new round of review and w88 mobile to ensure that there is no deviation or distortion. The following measures will be mainly taken.
First, make overall plans and reach consensus. Deploy schools to make good w88 mobile applications, rationally select w88 mobile types, and effectively implement w88 mobile to promote construction. The education administration department will comprehensively consider factors such as university charter provisions, career development needs, the time of the last round of w88 mobile and the effect of rectification, as well as the annual w88 mobile capacity of the w88 mobile agency to formulate an audit w88 mobile plan. Give full play to the role of publicity work in ideological guidance, public opinion promotion, spiritual stimulation, cultural support, etc., and through standard interpretation, expert training and other comprehensive and authoritative analysis from multiple angles, the significance of the new round of review and w88 mobile is "in place", the essence is "clearly explained", and the task requirements are "clarified", so that the frontline can deeply understand and accurately grasp the connotation requirements of the new round of review and w88 mobile.
The second is to pilot first and lead by demonstration. Create a new round of review and assessment demonstration "model room" and entrust the Ministry of Education Assessment Center to carry out a nationwide unified pilot. The provincial education administration department selects 1-2 colleges and universities to entrust the Ministry of Education Assessment Center to guide and carry out the second type of review and assessment pilot to set a good example for the comprehensive rollout of the review and assessment work in the region, optimize the new round of review and assessment operating procedures, and lay a solid foundation for the official launch of the new round of review and assessment.
The third is coordination between ministries and provinces and organizational guarantee. Actively build an w88 mobile model that separates "management, operation and w88 mobile" and involves multiple parties. Under the national unified assessment system, a national unified, open and shared expert database will be established, and a scientific and effective collaborative management mechanism at the ministry and provincial levels will be improved to ensure the pace and quality of assessment work across the country.
The fourth is to train experts and ensure quality. Build a national unified and shared undergraduate education teaching w88 mobile expert database, unite, condense, and cultivate a team of high-level w88 mobile experts who "love w88 mobile, understand w88 mobile, and respect w88 mobile". Carry out expert training in hierarchical and classified categories to improve the work level and professional capabilities of the expert team, establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism for the advancement and retreat of experts, select and use outstanding experts with strong political skills and strong professional capabilities, and promptly eliminate experts with inaccurate positions, violations of discipline, lack of ability, and lack of professionalism.
The fifth is sunshine w88 mobile and standardized management. Implement an information disclosure system, strictly evaluate disciplines, carry out "sunshine w88 mobile", and widely accept the supervision of schools, teachers, students and society to ensure fairness and impartiality in w88 mobile work. The Ministry of Education and provincial education administrative departments supervise the standardization and fairness of the work of participating schools, w88 mobile experts and w88 mobile organizations, accept reports and appeals, and provide handling opinions.
